1、中考三大从句中考三大从句宾语从句宾语从句I.宾语从句的类型 1.在句中担当 的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作 的宾语，也可做 的宾语。如：He said that he was good at drawing.(动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down.(动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said.(介词宾语)宾语动词介词 2.形容词后接that的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
2、如：I am sure that I will pass the exam.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.II.宾语从句三注意 时态，语序，引导词宾语从句构成规则例句引引 导导 词词 引导陈述句用that（在口语或者非正式文体中常省略）that无意义，只起连接作用He tells me that he is going shopping this Sunday.他告诉我这个星期天要去购物引导特殊疑问句用what,who,who
3、m,whose,when,why,where,how,whatever,whenever,wherever,等特殊疑问词作连接词Could you tell me where the school is?你能告诉我学校在哪吗？引导一般疑问句用whether或if,表示“是否”Could you tell me if/whether it snows in winter in Australia?你能告诉我澳大利亚冬天是否下雪吗？宾语从句构成规则例句 语序从句一律用陈述句语序，即主语谓语+（其他）Do you know where Tom lives?你知道汤姆住哪儿吗？时 态1.主句是一般现在
4、时，从句根据实际情况选用各种时态I hear Joe left for Beijing yesterday.我听说乔昨天去北京了。2.主句是过去时,从句使用过去相应的某种时态Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday.凯特说昨天这个时间她在看电视3.从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun.胡老师说地球绕着太阳转。III.宾语从句易错点1.that 在从句中作宾语时可省略；作主语时不能省略。如：The t
5、eacher told us(that)she was a good girl.老师告诉我们她是个好女孩。2.在介词之后，动词不定式之前或在or之前，只用whether,不用if。如：I cant decide whether to buy this bike or not.我不能决定是否要买这辆自行车。3.if 和 when 既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when 引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。4
6、.宾语从句中Whats wrong?;Whats the matter?;What happened to sb?这些在宾语从句中语序不变。【宾语从句】练习题()1.He asked which film they _ about.A.will talk B.are going to talk C.was going to talk D.were talking()2.Do you know _ bike this is?A.that B.who C.why D.whose()3.Polly said no news _ good news.A.was B.were C.is D.are()4
7、.We didnt know _ she was ready or not.A.when B.that C.whether D.what()5.What did your PE teacher say about your high jump at the sports meeting?He said that I _ better.A.can do B.am C.will do D.could doDDACD()6.I want to know when _ have a field trip.Well have it when all the work _.A.you are;will f
8、inish B.you will;finishes C.you will;is finished D.you;finish ()7.Could you tell me when _?At 10:25,in ten minutes.A.the bus will leave B.will the bus leaveC.the bus has left D.had the bus left ()8.Do you know _ hell arrive here at 9:00 this morning?Im afraid hell be late.A.that B.how C.why D.whethe
9、rCAA()9.Could you tell me _?She is a student in Eton School.A.where Kate is studying B.how Kate was studying C.why Kate was studying D.when Kate studied()10.Do you know _ going to stay in London?No,I dont.Maybe a few days.A.when he is B.how long he is C.when is he D.how long is heBAII.句型转换 11.He ask
10、ed his teacher how he could play the violin well.(改为简单句)He asked his teacher _ _ _ _ _ _.12.Sam asked me,“Do you often ride a bike?”(改为复合句)Sam asked me _ _ _ _ _ _.13.I dont know what I should do with the letter.(改为简单句)I dont know what _ _ with the letter.14.“Does light travel faster than sound?”Tom
11、 asked.(改为复合句)Tom asked _ _ _ _ _ _.15.She doesnt know how she gets to the bank.(改为简单句)She doesnt know how _ _ _ _ _.howtoplaytheviolinwellifIoftenrodeabiketodoif lighttraves faster thansoundgettothebanktoIII.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。16.I dont think the watch will _(mend)well in 2 days.17.She said that the s
12、un _(be)brighter than the moon.18.I will take back what I _(say).end19.I wanted to know if he _(can)mend the car.20.She said that she _(go)fishing last Sunday.be mendedissaidcouldwent 21.She told me that they _(talk)about a new book at this time yesterday.22.Im sure everything _(go)well.23.I hope th
13、at I _(visit)Beijing soon.24.I hear that Tom _(be)here for a week.25.Tom told his boss that he _(finish)the work well if he _(give)another chance.were talkingwill gowill visithas beenwould finishwas given定语从句定语从句I.定语从句的概念 在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一 名词 或 代词 的从句，叫作定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫 先行词 ，通常位于定语从句 前面 。II.定语从句的引导词
14、引导定语从句的关系词分为：一；关系代词 that,which,who,whom,whose 和二；关系副词 when,where,why。它们位于先行词和定语从句 中间 ，它既起连接作用，又充当从句中的一个成分。初中阶段重点研究关系代词的用法。定语从句的基本结构：主句 +关系词 +定语从句 III.关系代词的用法定语从句定语从句指人指人指物指物subject(主语）主语）object(宾语）宾语）attribute(定语）定语）that which who whom whose 例句：1.A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult
15、 to read.(主语)2.He lives in the house whose windows are open.(定语）3.Here is the man(whom/that)you want to see.(宾语)4.The boy whose hat is brown runs fastest.(定语）5.Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now?(主语)总结：选择关系代词三部曲（who,whom,whose,which,that）1）找出先行词，辨清人或物2）确定关系词在句中的成分：主语，宾语，定语（所属关系）3）选择正确
16、的关系词IV.定语从句易错点1)通常只使用that的场合:先行词是 anything,everything,something,nothing时 先行词被 the only,the just,the very,the same,the last,等修饰时 先行词被最高级,序数词修饰时 先行词既有人，又有物The first thing that you must do now is to have a good sleep.This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.The only message that I got ye
17、sterday was from a friend In Beijing 2)使用which,不用that的场合,使用whom,不用who的场合.介词提到关系代词前时，如 for,on,in,of 等；.They are talking about some things and persons that they remember.3)在限制性定语从句，做宾语用的关系代词（who,that,whom）可省略,The girl(whom/who/that)the teacher spoke to is my sister.【定语从句】练习题I.根据汉语完成下列英语句子，每空一词。1.这就是那个
18、帮助过我的人。This is the man _ _ me.2.你在寻找的医生在房间里。The doctor _ you are looking for _ in the room.3.你认识那个名叫李萍的女士吗？Do you know the lady _ name _ Li Ping?4.我收到的那封信是我父亲写来的。The letter _ I received _ from my father.5.你还有什么要说的吗？Is there anything _ you _ to say?1.that/who;helped2.whom/who;is3.whose;is4.which/that
19、;want5.that;want6.你还记得我们几天前拜访过的那个人吗？Do you still remember the man _ _ _ a few days ago?7.那个在事故中断了左臂的工人被送进了医院。The worker _ left arm _ _ in the accident was sent to hospital.8.这是我看过的最好的小说。This is _ _ _ _ I have read.9.这是你第二次给我们讲这个故事了。This is your second time _ _ _ us the story.6.that/who/whom;we;visit
20、7.whose;was;broken8.the;best;novel;that9.that;you;have;toldII.单项选择()10.The boy _ helped me yesterday is playing soccer with his friends.A.whom B.who C.which D.whose()11.The music _ the U2 band played was very popular.A.which B.who C.whom D.whose()12.The girl _ skirt is red is Toms sister.A.who B.who
21、m C.whose D.that()13.This is the best way _ can help us earn lots of money.A.which B.who C.that D.when 10-13 BACC()14.Anyone _ breaks the rules must be punished.A.whom B.whose C.which D.who()15.We talked the things and persons _ we were interested in.A.that B.which C.who D.when()16.There is a girl _
22、 is waiting for you.A.whose B.which C.whom D.who14-16 DAD.将下列句子合并成为含有定语从句的复合句。17.I remember everything.You did everything to help us._18.Look at the boy and his dog.They are running over there._19.He is the man.He has done lots of things to help these homeless people._17.I remember everything that y
23、ou did everything to help us.18.Look at the boy and his dog that are running over there.19.He is the man who has done lots of things to help these homeless people.状语从句状语从句I.状语从句的概念 在复合句中修饰主句的动词，形容词或副词，起状语作用的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为时间，地点，原因，目的，结果，条件，让步，比较，方式等9类。II.状语从句的引导词类类 别别连连 词词时间状语从句when/while/as 当时，sin
24、ce 自从(到现在)，till/until 直到，as soon as 一就，before 之前,after 以后,once 一旦条件状语从句if 如果，unless 除非，as/so long as 只要原因状语从句because 因为,since 既然，as 由于目的状语从句in order that/so that 以便；为了结果状语从句so that 结果是（*了解），so.that./such.that 如此以至于让步状语从句though/alhtough/even if/even though 尽管,即使比较状语从句than 比.,as.as.和一样not as/so.as 不如,
25、比较级and比较级/more and more+原级 越来越the+比较级+A.;比较级+B.A越.B就越.方式状语从句as 像；如；as if/as though 好像，仿佛地点状语从句where 哪里,wherever 无论哪里anywhere 任何地方【状语从句】练习题I.单项选择()1.He spoke so quickly _ no one could follow him.A.which B.after C.as D.that()2.We cannot be sure what you want _ you tell us.A.if B.since C.as soon as D.u
26、nless()3.When will he call you up?_ he comes back.A.As soon as B.Since C.Because D.Unless()4.He will not go to the cinema _ hes ill.A.though B.unless C.why D.because()5.His father is _ busy _ he seldom goes back home.A.too;to B.so;that C.enough;to D.such;that()6.He was reading _ his sister was writi
27、ng.A.after B.while C.because D.as soon as1-5 DDADBB()7._ you have to stay at home,youd better go over your lessons.A.Though B.After C.Before D.Since()8.Alice will come to my party _ shes free.A.after B.why C.if D.though()9.Wait a moment,please.Hell be back in ten minutes.All right.Ill _ here _ he co
28、mes back.A.leave;until B.reach;till C.stay;till D.wait for;until()10.The question is _ that nobody can answer it.A.very hard B.too difficult C.strange enough D.so strange7-10 DCCD II.根据汉语完成下列英语句子，每空一词。11.他很小的时候就会骑自行车了。He was able to ride a bike _ he _ very young.12.直到我叫他的名字，他才看见我。He _ _ me _ I calle
29、d his name.13.既然你需要这本书，你就拿走吧。_ _ _ the book,you may take it.14.天气太热了，以至于我想去游泳。It was _ _ _ I want to go swimming.15.除非下雨，我会跟你一起去那儿。Ill go there with you _ _ _.11.when;he was12.didnt see;until13.Since you need14.so hot that15.unless it rains16.如果你有困难，找我帮忙。_ you are _ trouble,ask me for help.17.我看电视的时
30、候，我弟弟正在外面打篮球。My brother was playing basketball outside _ I _ _ TV.18.我一得到消息就会马上过来。Ill come here right away _ _ _ I get the news.19.他没有听见敲门，因为他正在听收音机。He didnt hear the knock at the door _ he _ _ _ the radio.20.如果你不知道这个词的意思，最好查查字典。_ you dont know the meaning of the word,youd better _ _ _ in the dictionary.16.If;in17.while;was;watching18.as soon as19.because was listening to20.If;look it upThank you
