1、 中考语法复习之 代 词 Definition Pronoun代词，即代替名词、动词、形容词、数量词、副词的词。可分为三类:人称代词，疑问代词，指示代词。中考考点n 1人称代词和物主代词的不同形式及其用法。n 2反身代词和指示代词的人称和数的变化。n 3不定代词和疑问代词的基本用法。1.人称代词数格人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hesheithimherittheythem 人称代词是指直接指代人或者事物的代词。人称代词包括以下这些：2.物主代词 单数复数形容词性名词性形容词性名词性mymineouroursyouryoursyour
2、yourshisheritshishersitstheirtheirs代词专项练习题()1.Ihaveabigbrother._nameisPaul.A.HisB.HerC.ItsD.Your()2.Doyouseethatgood-lookingyoungman?_isafamousKoreanfilmstar.A.HeB.HisC.HimD.Himself3.反身代词 数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves()1.Itsveryimportantforustol
3、earnhowtolearnby_.A.ourselvesB.itselfC.myselfD.themselves()2.IBelieveICanFlyisanicesongbyR.Kelly.Thissongtellsusthatbelievingin_isveryimportant.A.ThemselvesB.ourselvesC.itselfD.herself4.疑问代词 疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用，用来构成疑问句。疑问代词在句中应位于谓语动词之前，没有性和数的变化，除who之外也没有宾格的变化。what,which,whose还可作限定词。疑问代词有下列几个：what,who,wh
4、ose,whom,which,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever。5.指示代词 指示代词（demonstrativepronoun）是表示指示概念的代词，即用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。指示代词与定冠词和人称代词一样，都具有指定的含义，用来起指示作用，或用来代替前面已提到过的名词。指示代词有this,that,these,those,such,same.指示代词既可作限定词又可做代词。如限定词：ThisgirlisMary.Thosemenaremyteachers.代词：ThisisMary.Thosearemyteachers.6.相互代词 相互代词(r
5、eciprocalpronoun)就是表示相互关系的代词。相互代词有eachother和oneanother两种形式。在当代英语中，eachother和oneanother没有什么区别。例句：Weshouldlearnfromeach other/one another.（作宾语）Doyouoftenwritetoeachother/oneanother?（作宾语）Weoftenborroweach others/one anothers books.（作定语）Thestudentscorrectedeachothers/oneanothersmistakesintheirhomework.（
6、作定语）相互代词可在句中作宾语，定语。作定语用时，相互代词用所有格形式。7.关系代词 关系代词是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as。它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语.在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。例如：Ihatepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.Imlookingatthephotographwhichyougavemeyesterday.8.连接代词 疑问代词在引起从句时，都称为连接代词。连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,
7、whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问之外,也可指陈述。例句：Itisclearenoughwhatshemeant.她是什么意思很清楚。（主语从句）Idontcarewhattheythink.他们怎么想我不管。（宾语从句）Thequestioniswho(m)weshouldtrust.问题是我们应当相信谁。（表语从句）()1Pleasefindout_heislookingafterathome.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when()2_doyouthinkyoushouldhe
8、lp?A.WhoseB.WhichC.WhatD.Whom()3Hetoldme_hewassentfor.A.whomB.thatC.bothD.where9.替代词 例句：Ilostmyoldcamera;thisisanewone.（替代表泛指的单数名词）Theweatherhereistoocold.Idontlikeit.(it在此就指前面提到的theweather)Hardbedsarehealthierthansoftones.（替代表泛指的复数名词）Idliketotryonthoseshoes.Theonesatthefrontofthewindow.（替代表特指的复数名词）
9、替代词就是指用来替代前面已经出现过的名词。使句子看起来简洁明了。常用的替代词如it,one,ones,that,those等。()1Themanmissedthebus._iswhyhewaslateforthemeeting.A.ItB.ThatC.ThisD.All()2Hehastostayathome._hehasabadcold.A.ThisisbecauseB.ThatswhyC.SoisitD.Thereasonis()3-Howmanybooksarethereonthetable?-Onlyfour.A.ThisisallrightB.ThatsallrightC.Thats
10、rightD.Itisallright10.不定代词 1定义不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词。多数可以作主语、宾语、表语或定语。常见的不定代词有：some,any,no,none,one,all,every,each,other,another,either,neither,both,many,much,(a)few,(a)little,alotof,lotsof以及some,any,no,every与thing,body或one构成的复合不定代词。2常用的意义相近的不定代词之间的辨析(1)few,afew,little与alittle 2常用
11、的意义相近的不定代词之间的辨析(1)few,afew,little与alittleHehas_friends，buthehas_goodfriends.Theresstill_milkinthefridge，buttheres_bread.a fewfewa littlelittleHehas_friends，buthehas_goodfriends.Theresstill_meatathome，buttheres_bread.(2)some与any二者均表示“一些”，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。some一般用于肯定句，any一般用于疑问句、否定句。在疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到
12、肯定回答或表示请求、建议时用some。如：Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?a fewfewa littlelittle()1Ididntgetanylettersyesterday,buttherewere_thismorning.A.alittleB.fewC.littleD.afew()2Thefilmisntinteresting._peoplelikeit.A.FewB.AlittleC.AfewD.Little()3Shecanspeak_Englishnow.A.alittleB.afewC.manyD.few()4Hurryup!Thereis_timeleft.A
13、.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittle()5Sorry,Icantansweryourquestion.Iknow_aboutthesubject.A.alittleB.littleC.fewD.afew1-5DAADB(3)both,all,neither,either,any与noneMyparentsare_doctors.Therearesometreeson_sideoftheroad.Ilike_ofthesetwodresses.botheitherneither()1_ofthemhasanEnglishdictionary.A.EveryB.AllC.Both
14、D.Each()2TherearelotsofEnglishbookshere,and_ofthemiseasytounderstand.A.bothB.all.C.everyD.each()3Ididntknowthatyou_would_there.A.be;allB.all;beC.are;allD:all;are()4-Arethesetwobooksinteresting?-Yes,_ofthemareinteresting.A.bothB.allC.eitherD.neither(4)many,much与alotof三者都表示“许多”。其中many和much常用于否定句和疑问句中；
15、肯定句中常用alotof。many修饰可数名词复数；much修饰不可数名词；alotof(lotsof)既可以修饰可数名词复数，又可以修饰不可数名词。(5)each与every两者都表示“每个，各个”，each强调每个人或事物的个别情况强调每个人或事物的个别情况，即强调个体；every有有“全体全体”的意思，即强调整体。的意思，即强调整体。如：_ofthemhasaflower._secondisimportanttous.。EachEvery(6)another，(the)other与(the)othersother泛指“另外的”，不能单独使用，后接名词。others等于等于“other复数
16、名词复数名词”，泛指“别的人或物”；theother(单数可数名词)指“两者中的另一个”，常用于“onethe other”结构。the others等于等于“the other复数名词复数名词”，表示，表示“其余所有的人或物其余所有的人或物”。another 泛指泛指“三者或三者以上中的另一个三者或三者以上中的另一个”。如：Doyouhaveanyotherideas?你有别的想法吗？Ihavetwobrothers._isadoctor，_isateacher.Heisalwaysreadytohelp_.Fiveofthemareintheclassroom.Whatabout_？Don
17、tloseheart.Have_try.Onethe otherothersthe othersanother (7)复合不定代词指代人的有：someone/somebody(某人),anyone/anybody(任何人),nobody(没人),everyone/everybody(每个人)。指代事物的有：something(某事，某物),anything(任何事),nothing(没什么)，everything(每件事，一切)。anything importantknows 请注意以下几点：以some和any开头的复合不定代词的用法和some,any的用法一样。(some和any的用法见上文
18、)修饰复合不定代词的形容词要放在其后。如：Isthere_intodaysnewspaper?复合不定代词作主语视为单数。如：Nobody_whysheishere.Exercises用所给词的适当形式填空1MrsLeiteaches_(we)Englishthisterm.2Thisisnt_(she)book.Shelosthers.3Myschoolbagisthesameas_(her)4Theyenjoyed_(they)attheparty.5_(this)bluedresseslookverynice.6Everyoneinourclass_(study)hardeveryday
19、.7Hedoesnthave_(something)todo.8_(whom)spokeatthemeeting?9Help_(yourself),Jack.usher hers themselvesThesestudiesanything Who 考点过关考点过关yourself考点过关10Shallwewaitfor_(she)attheschoolgate?11_(we)teachersareveryfriendlytous.12Simonisafriendof_(I).Weoftenhelpeachother.13Thatsmybrother._(him)isreadinganewsp
20、aper.14Shecookeddinnerby_(she)15Lindadidntbringherdictionaryhere.SoIlent_to_.16Ithinkthecarcantbe_(he)17JaneissittingbetweenJeanand_(my)18Theirbooksareolderthan_(we)19Ifeelmystomachterrible.IthinkIate_atlunchtime.20NewZealandhastwoislands.OneisNorthIslandand_isSouthIsland.herOurmineHeherselfhershism
21、eoursSomething badthe otherher代词表格 单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格Iyouhe,she,itweyouthey宾格meyouhim,her,itusyouthem物主代词形容词性myyourhis,her,itsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshis,hers,itsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimself,herself,itselfourselves yourselvesthemselves指示代词this,thatthese,those相互代词宾格each ot
22、herone another所有格each othersone anothers代词表格指示代词this,thatthese,those相互代词宾格each otherone another所有格each othersone anothers不定代词可数each,one,many,(a)few,both,another,either,neither不可数much,(a)little可数、不可数all,some,none,such,any,other复合anybody,anyone,anything,somebody,someone,something,nobody,nothing,everybody,everyone,everything疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,what连接代词who(ever),whom(ever),whose(ever),which(ever),what(ever)关系代词who,whom,whose,which,that,as
