2022年中考英语语法专项突破（四）主谓一致ppt课件（含学案）.zip

非谓语动词+主谓一致非谓语动词:句子中不做谓语的动词 非谓语动词除了不能独立做谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。不定式，to do动名词，doing分词（现在分词doing和过去分词done）一、动词不定式1.万能句型万能句型It is+adj.+of/for sb.to do sth.2.特殊特殊疑问词后加疑问词后加what to do how to do it where to go3.不带不带to的动词不定式的动词不定式see sb.do have/let/make sb.do help sb.(to)do4.被动语态中被动语态中to补全补全5.否定形式：否定形式：not to dohelp move do make visit spend Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs 1._ lots of money.In their free time,they think about what 2._ for fun.However,few people think about what they can do 3._ others.There are many people who are less lucky than us.to maketo doto helphelp move do make visit spend Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way 4._ our free time.For example,we can make plans 5._ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people.Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year 6._ to another place,like one of the countries in Africa,and help people there.to spendto visitto move1.As a volunteer,the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital_them up.A.to cheer B.cheer C.cheering D.cheered2.These people dress themselves in bloody shark suits.They tell people _shark fins in order to protect sharks.A.eat B.to eat C.not eat D.not to eat 3.The show was so funny that it made everyone _ again and again.A.laugh B.laughed C.laughing D.to laughADA二、动名词(doing)既有动词的性质,又有名词的性质1.作主语时，谓语动词用单数Watching English programas is a good way to improve your English.2.做做宾宾语语（介词后加doing，个别动词后加doing)I havent finished reading todays newspaper.Im afraid of going to the dentist.后接动名词的短语和词汇（1）enjoy,mind,practice,finish,keep,suggest,avoid,cant help,cant stand（2）have a good time doing,have fun doingbe busy doing（3）spend time/money doing have difficulty/trouble doing（4）prevent/keep/stop sb.from doing look forward to doing后接动名词与不定式1.forget to do forget doing2.remember to do remember doing3.stop to do stop doing4.like to do like doing5.allow sb.to do allow doing1.When President Xi Jinping has spare time,he enjoys _and sports.A.read B.reads C.to read D.reading2.-Would you like _camping with me?-Id like to.But Im busy_my homework.A.to go;to do B.to go;doingC.going;to do D.going;doingDB三、分词分词:具有动词及形容词二者特征的词分词:现在分词和过去分词现在分词表示“主动和进行”Now Im an adult,thinking back to those times.过去分词表示“被动和完成”When heated,ice will be changed into water.1.-ed类和类和-ing类分词做定语时的区别类分词做定语时的区别2.see/hear/watch/find sb.doing3.make/have/get sb./sth.done1.As a teacher,I really feel worried to see so many students _glasses.A.wearing B.dressing C.putting on D.being in2.A nurse _Carolyn will look after the baby when his mother _away.A.naming;is B.naming;will beC.named;is D.named;will beAC（1）语法一致原则主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。主语为单数形式，谓语动词要用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也要使用复数形式。主语成分主语成分谓语谓语例句例句不定代词Everyone is ready for the meeting.动词不定式、动词不定式、动名词、动名词、从句从句1.To learn English well isnt easy.2.Reading is learning.3.What he said is very important for us all.主语成分主语成分谓语谓语例句例句the number of+名词复数名词复数单数单数The number of students in our class is 32.a number of+名词复数名词复数复数复数A number of trees are cut down.andboth.and.复数复数Both John and Mike have attended the 2014 Youth Olympic Games.主语后有主语后有with,along with,like,except,besides,but,including,together with,as well as取取决决于于主主语语Tom with his parents is watching TV.Everyone except Jim and Tim has a new book.a lot of（lots of/plenty of/most of/a pile of）+名词名词Lots of people have been there.分数或百分数分数或百分数+名词名词Two thirds of the work has been finished.（2）意义一致原则意义一致原则 所谓意义一致就是所谓意义一致就是概念一致概念一致，谓语动词，谓语动词的形式要和主语所表达的的形式要和主语所表达的概念概念一致。一致。主语成分主语成分谓语谓语例句例句集体名词集体名词（family/class/team/group）整体概念：整体概念：单数单数表示成员：表示成员：复数复数His family is going to move to Beijing.（作为整体时，用单数作为整体时，用单数）The whole family are watching TV.（侧重成员时，用复数侧重成员时，用复数）集体名词集体名词people，police复数复数The police are helping a girl find her mother.the+姓氏名词复姓氏名词复数数，表示一家人，表示一家人或夫妇或夫妇复复数数The Blacks enjoy working in China.the+某些形容词某些形容词，表示一类人表示一类人复复数数The young are energetic.and连接并列主连接并列主语语表示同一个表示同一个人或物时人或物时单单数数A famous writer and teacher is going to have a speech in my school.表示金钱、价表示金钱、价格、时间、长格、时间、长度、数学运算度、数学运算作主语作主语，看作，看作整体整体单单数数Two pounds isnt so heavy.Two months is a long holiday.（3）就近原则就近原则 所谓就近原则，就是谓语动词形式不与所谓就近原则，就是谓语动词形式不与主语一致，而和靠近它的名词一致。主语一致，而和靠近它的名词一致。主语成分和谓语主语成分和谓语例句例句由由either.or.;neither.nor.;not only.but also.;not.but.或或orNot only my parents but also I am looking forward to meeting my uncle.there be.here be.There is a table and two chairs in Toms room.结构例句so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语“也”Tom has ever been to China.So has Mike.neither+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语“也不”Li Ping wasnt late for school this morning.Neither was Tom.Here/There+谓语动词+名词主语Here/There+代词主语+谓语动词Here comes the bus.Here it is.so+主语+助动词/情态动词/be动词“的确如此”He continued watching TV after the phone rang many times.So he did.学科网（北京）股份有限公司1中考英语语法专项突破（四）中考英语语法专项突破（四）-非谓语动词非谓语动词+主谓一致主谓一致非谓语动词，不做谓语的动词，包括不定式，动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）非谓语动词除了不能独立做谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。一动词不定式1.万能句型 It+be+adj.+of/for sb.to do sth.2.疑问词连用：what to do how to do it where to go3.不带 to 的动词不定式：see sb.do have/let/make sb.do help sb.(to)do4.被动语态中 to 补全5.否定形式：not to doMost people today are only worried about getting good jobs 1._ lots of money.In their free time,they think about what 2._ for fun.However,few people think about what they can do 3._ others.There are many people who are less lucky than us.Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way 4._ our free time.For example,we can make plans 5._ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people.Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year 6._ to another place,like one of the countries in Africa,and help people there.【Practice】（）1.As a volunteer,the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital_.A.to cheer B.cheer C.cheering D.cheered（）2.These people dress themselves in bloody shark suits.They tell people _shark fins in order to protect sharks.A.eat B.to eat C.not eat D.not to eat（）3.The show was so funny that it made everyone _ again and again.A.laugh B.laughed C.laughing D.to laugh二动名词(doing)1.作主语时，谓语动词用单数：Watching English programs is a good way to improve your English.2.做宾语：Im afraid of going to the dentist.后接动名词的短语和词汇(1)enjoy,mind,practice,finish,keep,suggest,avoid,cant help,cant stand(2)have a good time doing,have fun doing,be busy doing (3)spend time/money doing,have difficulty/trouble doing help move do make visit spend 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2(4)prevent/keep/stop sb.from doing,look forward to doing 后接动名词与不定式1.forget to do-forget doing 2.remember to do-remember doing3.stop to do-stop doing 4.like to do-like doing 5.allow sb.to do-allow doing【Practice】（）1.When President Xi Jinping has spare time,he enjoys _and sports.A.read B.reads C.to read D.reading（）2.-Would you like _camping with me?-Id like to.But Im busy _ my homework.A.to go;to do B.to go;doing C.going;to do D.going;doing三分词分词就是具有动词及形容词二者特征的词，分词分为：_。差别：现在分词表示“_”，过去分词表示“_”。分词的注意事项：1.-ed 类和-ing 分词做定语时的区别：interesting interested-exciting excited a moving film-the moved people developing countries-developed countries2.see/hear/watch/find sb.doing hear the girl singing 3.make/have/get sb./sth.done get my ear pieced【Practice】（）1.As a teacher,I really feel worried to see so many students _glasses.A.wearing B.dressing C.putting on D.being in（）2.A nurse _ Carolyn will look after the baby when his mother _away.A.naming;is B.naming;will be C.named;is D.named;will be四主谓一致主语成分谓语例句不定代词单数Everyone is ready for the meeting.动词不定式、动名词、从句单数To learn English well isnt easy.Reading is learning.What he said is very important for us all.the number of+名词复数单数The number of students in our class is 32.a number of+名词复数复数A number of trees are cut down.andboth.and.复数Both John and Mike have attended the 2014 Youth Olympic Games.学科网（北京）股份有限公司3主语后有 with,along,like,except,besides,but,including,together with,as well asTom with his parents is watching TV.Everyone except Jim and Tim has a new book.a lot of（lots of/plenty of/most of/a pile of）+名词Lots of people have been there.分数或百分数+名词取决于主语Two thirds of the work has been finished.主语成分谓语例句集体名词（family/class/team/group）整体概念：单数表示成员：复数His family is going to move to Beijing.（作为整体时，用单数）The whole family are watching TV.（侧重成员时，用复数）集体名词 people，police复数The police are helping a girl find her mother.the+姓氏名词复数，表示一家人或夫妇复数The Blacks enjoy working in China.the+某些形容词，表示一类人复数The young are energetic.and 连接并列主语表示同一个人或物时单数A famous writer and teacher is going to have a speech in my school.表示金钱、价格、时间、长度、数学运算作主语，看作整体单数Two pounds isnt so heavy.Two months is a long holiday.由 either.or.;neither.nor.;not only.but also.;not.but.或 orNot only my parents but also I am looking forward to meeting my uncle.there be.here be.There is a table and two chairs in Toms room.五倒装句结构例句so+助动词/情态动词/be 动词+主语“也”Tom has ever been to China.So has Mike.neither+助动词/情态动词/be 动词+主语“也不”Li Ping wasnt late for school this morning.Neither was Tom.so+主语+助动词/情态动词/be 动词“的确如此”He continued watching TV after the phone rang many times.So he did.Here/There+谓语动词+名词主语Here comes the bus.学科网（北京）股份有限公司4Here/There+代词主语+谓语动词Here it is.()1.My parents always tell me _ more vegetables and fruit.A.eat B.eating C.eats D.to eat()2.What would you like _ for your mum on Mothers Day?A dress.A.buy B.buying C.to buy D.buys()3.Do you climb mountains every day?Yes，_ a little exercise.Im so out of shape.A.getting B.get C.got D.to get()4.Dont forget _ thanks when other people help you.A.accept B.to accept C.say D.to say()5.We dont have enough money for our field trip.What shall we do?The best way _ money is to sell newspapers.A.raise B.to raise C.raising D.raises()6.I always tell my students _ on the road because its really dangerous.A.not to play B.to play not C.not playing D.not play()7.What senior school do you want to go,Li Hua?Its hard for me _ a decision now.A.do B.to do C.make D.to make()8.Its rather hot in the room.Youd better _the windows or the door.A.close B.not to close C.dont close D.not close()9.My parents asked me _ computer games.A.not playing B.not to play C.not play D.not to playing()10.Its dangerous _ a close look at the tiger in the zoo.A.for us talking B.of us to take C.of us taking D.for us to take()11.Its getting cold.Would you mind_ the window?Of course not.A.closing B.to close C.closed D.closes()12.Paul looks forward to _ his pen pal as soon as possible.A.meets B.meet C.meeting D.met()13._Chinese culture,many college students go to foreign countries every year.A.Spreading B.To spread C.Spreads D.Spread()14._ vegetable juice is a good habit，which helps you eat a balanced diet.A.Drink B.Drank C.Drunk D.Drinking()15.Grandpa has changed a lot.So he has.He spends more time than he used to_games with the children.A.play B.playing C.played D.plays学科网（北京）股份有限公司5()16.Do you have any difficulty in _ English?Yes，but I try to make myself_.A.to speak;understood B.speaking;understandC.to speak;to understand D.speaking;understood()17.He wants to have his TV_.A.repairing B.repaired C.to repair D.to repairing()18.He often drinks two cups of _ water when he comes back.A.boiling B.boil C.boiled D.boils()19.Why do you speak in _ loud voice?Because I want to make myself _ clearly.A.such;hear B.so;heard C.such;heard D.so;hear()20.When are you going to have your hair _?This afternoon.A.cut B.to cut C.cutting D.to cutting()21.David enjoys _ music at weekend,but I prefer _ for a picnic.A.to listen;to go out B.listen to;going to C.listening to;go out D.listening to;to go out()22.I really dont know_with this kind of problems.You can ask the teacher for help.A.what to do B.how to do C.why to do D.which to deal()23.It is said that to teach a man fishing is better than _ him fish.A.give B.giving C.to give D.gives()24.There are no differences between the two words.I really dont know_.A.what to choose B.which to choose C.to choose which D.to choose what()25._ is the best way to keep a good relationship with our parents,teachers and other people around you.A.Active communicating B.Actively communicating C.Active communication D.Actively communication()26.Mary dances best in our school.I agree.Ill never forget _ her dance for the first time.A.seeing B.to see C.see D.seen()27.It took my daughter two weeks to read the novels_by Yang Hongying.A.write B.writes C.wrote D.written()28.Your spoken English is much better than before.Thank you.Our teacher often asks us _ English as much as possible.A.to speak B.not to speak C.speak D.not speak()29.Tom often makes his brother _ but yesterday he was made _ by his brother.A.cry;to cry B.to cry;cry C.cry;cry D.to cry;to cry()30.We can use QQ to chat with each other online.Really?Could you please show me _ it?学科网（北京）股份有限公司6A.when to do B.why to do C.how to do D.what to do学科网（北京）股份有限公司7