1、 中考专项中考专项 被动语态被动语态English is spoken by the most people in the world.spokenEnglishThe Great Wall was built by Chinese people.builtThe trees were planted by students.planted 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态(the Active Voice)被动语态(the Passive Voice)A.主动语态表示主语是动作的主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者承受者。We plan
2、ted the tree.The tree was planted by us.被动语态被动语态结构：结构：be+过去分词过去分词(P.P)+(by)口诀：口诀：被动语态被动语态be 字变，过去分词跟后面字变，过去分词跟后面 do done go gone see seen give given eat eaten take taken speak spoken write written buy boughtcatch caught think thoughtteach taughthear heard find foundmake madetell toldcut cutsend sent
3、时态时态被动语态被动语态例句例句一般现在时一般现在时am/is/are+doneIt is called an apple.一般过去时一般过去时was/were+doneThis bike was bought last month.现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are+being doneIt is being repaired these days.一般将来时一般将来时will be doneHe will be punished if he doesnt do his homework.现在完成时现在完成时have/has+been doneThe work has been fini
4、shed.注意：注意：含有情态动词的句子的被动语态结构：含有情态动词的句子的被动语态结构：情态动词情态动词be过去分词过去分词The flowers should be watered every day.主动语态变被动语态解题步骤主动语态变被动语态解题步骤:1.找宾语找宾语-即动作的承受者即动作的承受者They make shoes in that factory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数判断宾语的单复数-即即be动词的单复数动词的单复数.arewere3.判断动词的时态判断动词的时态-即即be动词的时态动词的时态.4.修改谓语的语态修改谓语的语态-即原句动词改为即原句动词改为be+d
5、one made5.修改原句的主语修改原句的主语-即即by+主语主语.by them.We cleaned the classroom yesterday.The classroom was cleaned by us.把主动语态变成被动语态 1.We clean the bedroom every day.2.He broke the window just now.3.He built a house.4.They make shoes in that factory.5.He planted trees yesterday.6.He will clean the bedroom this
6、 afternoon.注意：注意：在使役动词在使役动词have,make,get以及以及感官动词感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,等变为被动结构时，要加等变为被动结构时，要加toSomeone saw a stranger walk into the building=A stranger was seen to walk into the building.不使用被动语态的情况1.系动词用主动结构表被动意义。系动词用主动结构表被动意义。Moon cakes taste delicious.2.write,read,sell等词作不及物动词等词作不及物动词 时，他们
7、的主语为物，可用主动语时，他们的主语为物，可用主动语 态表被动意义。态表被动意义。The pen writes smoothly.1.The shirt sells well.3.need doing/be worth doing 主动结构表示被动意义主动结构表示被动意义典型真题典型真题1.（2021 北京中考）北京中考）Today,many winter Olympic sports _ even by children.A.enjoyed B.enjoyC.were enjoyedD.are enjoyed【答案】【答案】D典型真题典型真题2.（2021广西河池中考）广西河池中考）All
8、customers _ to take their temperatures when they enter the supermarket.A.is askedB.was askedC.are askedD.were asked【答案】【答案】C典型真题典型真题3.（2021贵州安顺中考）贵州安顺中考）As we all know,the telephone _ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.A.inventedB.is inventedC.was invented【答案】【答案】C典型真题典型真题4.（2021 湖北十堰中考）湖北十堰中考）Fishing _
9、in order to protect the ecosystem of Hanjiang River.A.allows B.is allowedC.isnt allowed D.wont allow【答案】【答案】C典型真题典型真题5.（2021 湖南株洲中考）湖南株洲中考）This TV program discusses where the best tea leaves _.A.were producedB.have producedC.produced【答案】【答案】A典型真题典型真题6.（2021江苏泰州中考）江苏泰州中考）Sir,I have trouble doing the voluntary work for the 20th Games of Jiangsu Province in Taizhou.-Dont worry.A lot of support _ soon.A.is offered B.will be offeredC.was offered D.were offered【答案】【答案】B
