1、非谓语动词非谓语动词中考专项复习非谓语动词：在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词有三种基本形式：动词不定式、动名词和分词。不定式（to do）动名词（doing）分词（doing&done）非谓语动词的分类(一一)动词不定式动词不定式1.动词不定式的功能作主语.To learn English well is important for us.(学好英语对我们来说很重要。)作表语My work is to clean the room every day.(我的工作是每天打扫房间。)作宾语(包括疑问词动词不定式)Have you decided to go on a
2、 trip to Beijing this summer holiday？(你决定今年暑假去北京旅行吗？)作定语I am not free now.I have a lot of work to do.(我现在没空。我有很多工作要做。)作状语They will go to the station to meet their friend.(他们将去车站接他们的朋友。)作宾语补足语 He told me to turn down the TV.(他告诉我把电视机的音量调小。)2.常跟动词不定式的动词(词组)afford(负担得起)agree(同意)choose(选择)dare(敢)decide(
3、决定)expect(期望)fail(失败)hope/wish(希望)learn(学习)manage(设法)offer(提供)plan(计划)prefer(更喜欢)prepare(准备)pretend(假装)promise(承诺)refuse(拒绝)want(想要)be supposed(应该)cant wait(等不及)would like(愿意)3.常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词advise(建议)allow(允许)ask(要求)expect(欺望)force(强迫)help(帮助)invite(邀请)order(命令)teach(教)tell(告诉)want(想要)warn(警告)4.动
4、词不定式的常见句型句型含义例句too.to.太而不能The boy is too young to look after himself.(那个男孩太小而不能照顾他自己。)enough.to.足够做He is old enough to go to school.(他到了上学的年纪了。)Why dont youdo sth.？Why not do sth.？为什么不做？Why dont you get her a scarf？Why not get her a scarf？(为什么不给她买条围巾呢？)had better(not)do sth.最好(不)做某事Youd better not s
5、tay here today.(你今天最好别待在这里。)Will you pleasedo sth.？请你做某事好吗？Will you please close the door？(请你把门关上好吗？)句型含义例句prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事She prefers to receive a small gift rather than get a lot of money.(她宁愿收到一份小礼物也不愿意得到一大笔钱。)It takes sb.some time todo sth.某人花一些时间做某事It takes me 3 h
6、ours to repair the TV set.(我用了三个小时修理这台电视机。)It isadj.for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是It is hard for the young boy to carry the heavy box.(对这个小男孩来说，搬动这个重箱子是困难的。)(二二)动名词动名词1.动名词的功能功能例句作主语Saying so much is useless.(说那么多没用处。)作表语My greatest pleasure is traveling.(我最大的乐趣是旅游。)作宾语She enjoys going to the cinema.(她喜
7、爱看电影。)作定语There is a swimming pool here.(这儿有一个游泳池。)(二二)动名词动名词2.常跟动名词的动词admit(承认)appreciate(感激)avoid(避免)consider(考虑)enjoy(喜欢)finish(完成)imagine(想象)keep(坚持)mind(介意)miss(错过)practice(练习)suggest(建议)只加doing口诀：完成练习值得忙（finish,practice,be worth,be busy）考虑建议不禁想（consider,suggest,cant help,feel like）继续习惯别放弃（keep,
8、be used to,give up）喜欢思念要介意（enjoy,miss,mind）(二二)动名词动名词3.常跟动名词的词组be busy(忙于)be worth(值得)be/get used to(习惯于)be good at(擅长)devote to(致力于)feel like(想要)give up(放弃)keep on(继续)look forward to(盼望)pay attention to(注意)spend time(in)(花费时间)succeed in(成功)stop sb.from(阻止某人)cant/couldnt help(情不自禁)have fun/trouble/p
9、roblems/difficulty(in)(在方面有乐趣/麻烦/问题/困难)instead of(而不是)4.既可跟不定式又可跟动名词的动词(词组)4.既可跟不定式又可跟动名词的动词(词组)(三三)分词分词1.分词的构成和语法功能 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词原形-ing”构成；过去分词的基本形式是“动词原形-ed”，但也有不规则的形式。功能例句说明定语Do you know the girl standing under the tree？(你认识在树下站着的那个女孩吗？)Please hand in your written exercises.(请交上你们的笔试练习
10、。)分词作定语，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的词状语The students went out of the classroom，talking and laughing.(学生们谈笑着走出了教室。)分词作状语，其逻辑主语为句子的主语1.分词的构成和语法功能功能例句说明表语The boy is too frightened to move.(这个男孩吓得都不能动了。)现在分词表示主语的性质特征，过去分词表示主语处于某种状态补语Dont keep us waiting for a long time.(不要让我们等得太久。)Hell have his hair cut after school.(放学
11、后他要去理发。)现在分词作补语，被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语；过去分词作补语，被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语2.现在分词和过去分词的区别(1)在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。如：the surprising news(令人惊讶的消息)；a surprised look(惊讶的表情)；a moving film(一部感人的电影)；the moved people(被感动的人们)。(2)在时间上，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已经完成的动作。如：the developing country(发展中国家)；the developed country(发达国家)；
12、the rising sun(正在升起的太阳)；the risen sun(升起来的太阳)。玩转考点玩转考点1My parents dont allow me _ my phone on school days.They are strict.But they always want the best for you.Ato use Buse Cusing Dused2A group of elephants in Yunnan Province have trouble _ a proper living place.We should help them.Afind Bfound Cto
13、find Dfinding3Would you like to go out for dinner tonight?No，Id rather _ at home.Ato eat Beating Ceat DateACD4It is necessary to learn _ time and make good use of every minute.Ato manage Bmanaging Cto lose Dlosing5During our holidays，we should avoid _ up at night and oversleeping in the morning.Asta
14、y Bto stay Cstayed Dstaying6When I was young，my parents taught me _ older people kindly.Atreats Bto treat Ctreated DtreatABD7I used to _ at half past six，but now I am getting used to _ at seven.Agetting up；get up Bget up；getting upCgot up；getting up Dgot up；get up8Hi!Alice，why are you in such a hurr
15、y?_ my best friend from Canada at the airport.AMeet BMeeting CTo meet DMet9The boy is crazy about music and we always hear him _ in the music room.Ato sing Bsings Csinging DsingBCC10Many university graduates go to work in the countryside _ villagers live a better life.Ato help Bhelping ChelpA【答题方法答题方法】此类题目时，首先要分析句子结构，观察句子所缺失的成分，或了解特殊动词的用法，然后判断是使用动词不定式、动名词还是分词。
