1、2021届上海市黄浦区高三下学期第二次模拟英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one wo
2、rd that best fits each blank.Ocean exploration changed human historyOne of humanitys greatest achievements has been mastering routes across the worlds oceans. Communities separated by thousands of miles _1_(bring) into contact and religious ideas have spread across the waters, while artistic creativ
3、ity has been motivated by the experience of seeing the products of different civilizations. Customs have been decisively altered by the movement of ships across the oceans. No one drank tea in medieval Europe, but _2_ contact had been made with the tea-drinking Chinese, tea became popular with milli
4、ons of people from Sweden to the United States.We tend to hold the view _3_ the opening of the oceans was the work of the great explorers, especially the 15th century pioneers who edged their way through uncharted waters to southern Africa, the Indian Ocean and the lands of the Indies. These were sa
5、ilors _4_ Christopher Columbus, who chanced upon unsuspected lands that blocked the expected sea route from Europe to China and Japan. But while these men _5_ give the Age of Discovery its name, they didnt start the exploration of the worlds oceans and there were also scores of merchants who followe
6、d in _6_ route, taking full advantage of new knowledge about the open ocean to develop trade links across the world, _7_ laid the foundation for modern globalization. These were the people who really mastered the oceans and brought the continents into contact. Since then, the oceans have only contin
7、ued _8_(tie) the world together most dramatically when new routes were literally carved out, with the building of the Sues Canal in the 19th century and the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914. The first goods to pass through the Panama Canal consisted of a cargo of _9_(tin) pineapples from Hawaii.
8、The Pacific and the Atlantic were _10_(closely) tied together than ever before.二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Aconcerned；Bsignals；Cmechanical；Dmonitor；E. identif
9、ication；F. philosophicalG. thoughts；H. assume；I. embedded；J. privacy；K. proceduresWould you wear a computer under your skin?Forget smartphones and smart glasses. One day, we might have smart tattoos, body modifications. The company NewDealDesign came up with an idea for a product called UnderSkin. T
10、he device would look like a pair of tattoos on your arms and the side of your thumb, but it would actually be a very thin computer implanted just below your skin. It would draw power from your bodys energy, and you could use it to unlock doors, _11_ your health, exchange and store information, or ev
11、en express your personality. UnderSkin is just an idea you cant go out and get one but the technology exists to make it work. “We _12_ it is about five years from being real,” says designer Gadi Amit. Writer and technology initiator Amal Graffstra already has a chip called a radio-frequency _13_ tag
12、 implanted in his hand. “I use it to log into my computer. I also use it to share contact details with people,” he says. The chip is about the size of a grain of rice and responds to radio _14_ with a unique number for recognition.If a computerized tattoo or _15_ tag isnt crazy enough for you, what
13、about a brain chip? The company Intel is working on technology that would let you control your devices with your mind. Dean Pomerleau, one of the researchers, explains, “Were trying to prove you can do interesting things with brain waves. Imagine being able to surf the Web with the power of your _16
14、_.” Do you think these chips sound frightening or cool? Some doctors are _17_ about people hurting themselves while getting devices implanted. They argue that medical _18_ are meant to heal sick people, and not to give healthy people special powers. Others worry about hacking and _19_. Could someone
15、 hack in and steal your identity, or even control your mind? On a more _20_ level, if you have a computer inside your body, are you still human? Or are you a cyborg, a being that is part human and part machine, or a machine that looks like a human being?What do you think would you want a computer un
16、der your skin?三、完形填空For the longest time, the predominant description about renewable energy featured awkward technologies, high costs, and burdensome allowance. In the _21_ of strict and far-reaching policy changes, the chances for mass adoption seemed slim. Electric vehicles (EVs) simply couldnt g
17、o the distance, and LED lights were unattractive and _22_. But now that these technologies have come of age, a new story is being written. Around the world, businesses, governments, and households are taking advantage of more cost-effective low-carbon technologies._23_ advances in information techno
18、logies (IT), green solutions can be introduced into business operations successfully. And as public support for these technologies has grown, so have the _24_ for scaling up to a fully sustainable energy system.As in any rapid transition, a full understanding of what is happening has _25_ events. Ma
19、ny present energy producers find it hard to believe that their world is undergoing a revolutionary change, so they insist that their heavily polluting technologies will remain _26_ and necessary for some time to come. Journalists, too, describe the transition with a degree of _27_, because it is the
20、ir job to be suspicious. And politicians and regulators are cautious to adopt a new perspective, _28_ they are already struggling to keep up with the pace of change in the energy industry. To be sure, _29_ doesnt come without setbacks, as the recent growth in energy-related greenhouse-gas (GHG) emis
21、sions shows. Yet there is no doubt that the future of energy will be _30_ different from the recent past. In fact, the _31_ is happening even faster than we think, for example, coal-fired power plants are shutting down faster than ever, and plans for new natural-gas plants are being replaced with mo
22、re cost-effective wind and solar options. And as the shift toward renewables gains good trends, it will be easier for elected officials to pursue more climate-friendly policies and regulations, thereby creating a(n) _32_ circle of change.As the green transition comes of age, it will offer solutions
23、to all of humanitys energy needs, placing a clean, prosperous and secure low-carbon future well within reach. Yet even as we hug _33_, we must not lose sight of the fact that climate change is speeding up. With GHG emissions _34_ to rise, the future of humanity hangs in the balance. One hopes that t
24、he shift to _35_ energy will tip the scale in our favor.21AlicenseBabsenceCapplicationDpromotion22AinvisibleBunbelievableCinevitableDunaffordable23AInstead ofBOwing toCIn case ofDAccording to24AresourcesBrevolutionsCprospectsDpriorities25Acaught up withBcompared withCtaken place ofDfallen behind26Ar
25、elevantBinferiorCsyntheticDexperimental27AmixtureBcautionCconflictDapproval28Ain caseBso thatCeven thoughDthe moment29AsignificanceBinventionChappinessDprogress30AdramaticallyBeconomicallyCindependentlyDequivalently31AinteractionBmodernizationCmotivationDtransformation32AnaturalBpotentialCpositiveDo
26、riginal33AinfluenceBoptimismCestimationDextension34AstartingBfailingCemergingDcontinuing35AsustainableBtraditionalCavailableDindustrial四、阅读理解On the night of September 19, 1961, Betty Hill and her husband Barney were driving home through the White Mountains from Niagara Falls. They were travelling on
27、 a nearly deserted two-lane highway when Betty noticed a steady light in the sky that was getting bigger and brighter. She thought it was a planet or a star. Barney, stimulated at her excitement, said it was probably just a wandering aeroplane. Whatever it was, it appeared to be following them. They
28、 stopped their car for a closer look. What they said happened next, changed their lives. The flying object was noiseless. It appeared to be spinning. It was as big as a jet but shaped like a pancake.So formed the tale of Betty Hill, a New Hampshire social worker who, with Barney, a postal worker, cl
29、aimed to be kidnapped by aliens, who were from outer space, on a moonlit night about 60 years ago.After reluctantly going public with her experience, Hill, who died of cancer at her New Hampshire home, aged 85, became a celebrity on the UFO circuit and was known as the “first lady of UFOs”. Intrigui
30、ngly, at the time of the incident, the Hills remembered nothing except that they had spied a strange object in the sky. Later, troubled by nightmares and other stress-related pains, the couple underwent hypnosis(催眠) where the full story came out with the aid of Boston psychiatrist Benjamin Simon, an
31、 expert in medical hypnosis.On their night of contact the Hills arrived home at 5 a.m., unable to account for two lost hours. They were also confused by the odd marks on their telescopes, deep signs on the tops of Barneys best shoes, Bettys torn dress and strange circular markings on their car that
32、made the needle of a compass jump wildly.After seeing them for six months, the psychiatrist concluded the Hills lost memory about the hours they lost on that night in 1961 “appeared to involve an amazing experience on the part of both of the Hills”. Whether the experience had been fantasy or reality
33、, Simon could not say, but he said he was convinced they had not been lying. He guessed that it had been a kind of shared dream. Reports of aliens capturing humans and taking them aboard oddly shaped spacecraft were “comparatively rare” before 1975. After a movie, “The UFO Incident”, about the Hills
34、 came out, however, such stories increased.36When they saw the strange object in the sky, Barney and Betty Hill _.Awere astonished at its strange flight and noiseBregarded it as just a wandering car following themCrealized immediately what the danger it might causeDshowed curiosity in discovering wh
35、at it really was37The word “Intriguingly” in paragraph 6 most probably means “_”.ARidiculouslyBTemporarilyCRemarkablyDMysteriously38The Hills later sought the help of a psychiatrist because _.Athey had lots of secrets in their lives after the strange experienceBtheir lives were greatly disturbed by
36、the unexpected experienceCthey wanted to share their unforgettable experience with the expertDthey hoped to forget completely what had happened to them39This article was written in order to _.Adescribe an unusual event to the readersBconvince readers of the existence of UFOsCrecord how people were c
37、aught by aliensDwarn people of the dangers the UFOs causeThe changing population throughout the globalizing world, in particular an increase in the aging population and a decrease in birth rates, is disturbing housing markets.Since 1970, global average income per person has increased, with a few exc
38、eptions as in 2009 and 2015, and inequality has also widened among and within nations. The International Monetary Funds Global House Price Index collapsed in 2008 before climbing again to reach pre-crisis levels. Due to these population and financial trends, household structures have changed with in
39、creased preference for smaller, shared living quarters and less home ownership worldwide. Analysts increasingly focus on mapping and predicting effects of globalization on housing markets and individual decisions.Countries at the forefront of globalization, namely the United States and China, as wel
40、l as rapidly globalizing countries like India, expect their aging populations to double by the year 2050. Coupled with changes to the family structure, especially a childbirth rate nearly halved since 1950 and more two-income households, decisions involving the housing stock are more complex than ev
41、er before. The three countries may share a common challenge: Their governments are not well prepared for rapid growth in their graying populations. Out of the three, the United States could be most affected, as the primary-mode of senior care in China and India is in-home care. If family support rem
42、ains the top choice for senior care, this could prevent India and China from the possible negative effects of the inadequate public and private planning. In-home care involves family members covering the cost and accommodation of senior members. About 65 percent of US elderly in need of assistance r
43、ely on family and friends, and non-family senior care is relatively new for India and China.40Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 1 and 2?AThe housing markets are mostly affected by the decrease in birth rates and rise in death rates.BInequality has widened among and within nations
44、 due to the rapid globalization of the households.CThe population and financial trends led to increased preference for smaller, shared accommodations.DAnalysts think globalization has decisive effects on housing markets and individual decisions.41What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs and
45、 the illustration?AThe aging populations of the three countries are expected to decrease by 2050.BNon-family senior care probably remains the best choice for the elderly in America.CChina will probably have the largest percentage of the senior population by 2050.DThe three giants in terms of populat
46、ion must avoid the challenges from their citizens.42The best title for the passage is _.AThe challenge for the agedBShelter for an aging worldCThe rapid growth of populationDComparison on globalizationCuckoos dont bother building their own neststhey just lay eggs that perfectly imitate those of othe
47、r birds and take over their nests. But other birds are wishing up, evolving some seriously impressive tricks to spot the cuckoo eggs.Cuckoos are often know as parasites, meaning that they hide their eggs in the nest of other species. To avoid detection, the cuckoos have evolved so that eggs seem reproduction of those of their preferred targets. If the host bird doesnt notice the strange egg in its nest, the little cuckoo will actually take the entire nest for itself after it comes out, taking the other eggs on its back and dropping them out of th
