1、上海市崇明区2021届高三质量抽查英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word th
2、at best fits each blank.Photographers Turn Their Cameras on PetsIn 2019 photographers Kendrick Brinson and David Walter Banks visited 14 countries on assignment. When the couple described the adventures _1_ they had experienced when photographing, people invariably asked, “But who takes care of your
3、 four cats and dogs?” They joked that the pet siter made a lot of money.But 2020 couldnt have been _2_ (different). Due to COVID-19, Brinson and Banks never left the United States. Often, they didnt even leave their Los Angeles neighborhood. _3_ _4_ spending long hours in airport security lines and
4、waiting-for the perfect lighting, the pair stayed along with dogs Tux and Tia and cats Rex and Kudzu. “Our pets became emotional therapy animals, and our only friends we could safely hug in a world _5_(strike) by a deadly pandemic,” Banks said.As COVID-19 lockdowns swept across the world in March of
5、 2020, the change made an especially great impact on photographers, who are accustomed to _6_(spend) long periods abroad. And so many cameras _7_ (turn) on a domestic subject: the pet.Research suggests that pets have offered emotional support during the pandemic, helping _8_(make) the long days of i
6、solation more bearable, says Emily MeCobb, a clinical associate professor at Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University. In fact, the pandemic has sped up a trend, according to McCobbs and other scientists observation,_9_ the pet is becoming a member of the family. “In the past 20 to
7、 30 years, the role of the pet in the family _10_(take) on a whole new role,”says MeCobb.“It really hasnt been that long _11_ these furry child substitutes gained this kind of importance in American society.”二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions：After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper
8、 word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than.AvacantBraisedCacknowledgesDquotedE. alertsF. colonialG. housedH. formerI. recommendationsJ. requestsK. reviewsMuseums Rethink What to Do with Their African Art CollectionsRecently, a discussion is happeni
9、ng in museums around the world over the volume of African art in their collections. Officials in Germany and the Netherlands have announced plans to return art and artifacts（文物）taken from Africa during the_12_period. And more museum staff are meeting on the topic across Europe.According to the most
10、commonly_13_figures from UNESCO（United Nations Educational, Scientifie and Cultural Organization）, 90% to 95%of sub-Saharan cultural artifacts are_14_outside Africa. Many were taken by force long ago and ended up in museums across Europe and North America.At the Africa Museum in Belgium, director Gu
11、ido Gryseels says 85 percent of the-museums collection comes from the Congo-the site of Belgiums_15_colony in Central Africa. For decades, Congolese leaders have asked for these objects to be returned. Most of their_16_, and those by African countries to other museums, have been refused.But recent e
12、vents in Europe have_17_the possibility of returns at a much larger scale. In addition to the plans announced in Germany, last year France conducted a study of how much African art French museums are holding and made_18_about what to do with it.The study recommended the return of a wide range of obj
13、ects taken by force. The suggestion got mixed_19_in France, where there are at least 90000 African items in museums.In France, some people have suggested returns could leave shelves_20_in French museums. Cecile Fromont, a French historian of Central African art, says thats not going to happen. One w
14、ay of thinking about it, she says, is that more African art can go on display.However, Guido Gryseels of the Africa Museum in Belgium_21_that attitudes are changing. He says hes in discussion with the Congo to return works.三、完形填空Around 13000 years ago North America had a wider variety of mammals（哺乳动
15、物）than modem Africa. There were multiple horse species，camels and some now-extinct animals. And such_22_creatures were not just found in North America. On every continent mammals on average were a lot larger from around 2.5 million until about 11700 years ago.Scientists have long debated what caused
16、 all these large creatures to go extinct while many of the smaller ones_23_.A team of researchers led by biologist Felisa Smith analyzed evidence from millions of years worth of mammalian extinctions and found that on each continent large mammals started to_24_Ground the same time humans first showe
17、d up.If the extinction trend continues, many more large mammals will soon disappear as well, as the primary threats from humans have_25_from overhunting to indirect processes such as habitat loss. In their new study Smith and her team analyzed a database of all land mammals that lived from 65 millio
18、n years ago until today. “We found_26_no effect of climate on mammalian extinction over 65 million years,” she says. But starting around 125000 years ago and continuing until today, large mammals have been more likely to go extinct than smaller ones, the researchers found. The average_27_of survivin
19、g mammals has decreased as a result. And those large-mammal extinctions are tightly coupled with the_28_of humans. For most of mammalian_29_history, an animals size was not predictive of its extinction risk. That_30_only appeared once humans began to live alongside large mammals.This finding does no
20、t mean climate-related changes could not have_31_some wildlife populations, enabling humans to more easily bring about their eventual downfall._32_, it suggests the greater likelihood of large mammals going extinct is tied to human activities. The animals that evolved without the risk of hunting fro
21、m humans were suddenly faced with a new_33_. They simply could not_34_fast enough to survive the invasion of humans.Smith says the lesson to be learned from the new findings is that our ancestors prepared us to be extremely skillful killers. “Whats_35_now,” she says, “is that some of us are comforta
22、ble enough, have a high enough standard of living, that we can start thinking about our use of the Earth,” Rather than simply behaving as_36_, many of us are now in a position to become environmental protectors.22AsmartBmassiveCmarineDancient23AsurvivedBshrankCescapedDreturned24Ahide awayBmake offCb
23、reak upDdie out25AfadedBrestoredCimprovedDexpanded26AabsolutelyBpredictablyCexclusivelyDpotentially27AweightBspeedCsizeDappetite28AproductionBappearanceCexplorationDcruelty29ArecordedBcontemporaryCevolutionaryDancient30AlinkBcontactCadaptationDdistinction31AenlargedBstressedCimpressedDdominated32AMo
24、reoverBOtherwiseCMeanwhileDRather33AspeciesBhopeCruleDthreat34AgrowBdigestCwithdrawDadapt35AinstructiveBfashionableCdifferentDmarvelous36AsponsorsBcreatorsCconsumersDdesigners四、阅读理解As the COVID-19 pandemic hit hard, fishermen watched their markets dry up. Restaurants-normally major fish buyers-close
25、d or cut back orders significantly. Fishermen werent sure if they were going to get paid for what they fished.Meanwhile as people lost jobs, food banks started to see a great demand for services. Things were getting desperate, with long lines for food assistance in many states.Out of these dual cris
26、es, a new idea was born. Food assistance programs across the country have started connecting with local fishermen to stock up on local seafood, many for the first time. And the arrangement seems to be helping the fishermen, the economy and those in need of healthy food.According to Catherine D Amato
27、, CEO of the Greater Boston Food Bank, the network usually keeps four or five weeks of food on hand in case of emergencies. The pandemic hit, and “we found ourselves below one week of stock and going down rapidly,” she says. Thats because the food bank normally distributes about I million pounds of
28、food a week, and that became 2.5 million pounds of food a week, D Amato says. While Congress and the states have increased funding and donations for food banks during the pandemic, it hasnt been enough.“For many years, we have been wanting to be able to work with organizations in the fishing industr
29、y,” D Amato says. But its complicated. Fishermen catch a lot of big fish, and food banks who might take it need the products to be cut small and easy to use for customers. It also has to be fish they know and recognize. The barriers have been too high in many places to make it work. But this spring,
30、 the state department of agriculture connected the food bank with some grant makers. They talked to some local fishermen about developing a traditional New England fish soup.The grants paid fishermen for their catch and provided money for a local manufacturer to process, freeze and deliver the soup
31、to food banks in family-size servings. The soup is helping to feed families and keep fishermen fishing. The fishermen hope to sell it in stores soon, and Damato hopes to purchase more soup and expand into new seafood products for her customers.37The passage is mainly about _.Athe food shortage durin
32、g the COVID-19 pandemicBthe cooperation between fishermen and food banksCthe dramatic impact the pandemic had on fishermenDthe new seafood product manufactured for food banks38What do “dual crises” in paragraph 3 refer to?AFishermens difficulty in storing seafood and the decline of the economy.BFish
33、ermens difficulty in selling fish and food banks need for more food.CThe closure of restaurants and food banks great demand for food assistance.DMany peoples unemployment and many states bad services in food industry.39According to paragraph 5, Catherine D Amato thinks that _.Afishermen should start
34、 to process fishBmany fishes are unknown to customersCtheres a gap between supply and needDthe fishing organizations are too independent40It can be learned from the passage that the fish soup Aincreases fishermens productivityBis commonly consumed by local fishermenCmakes food banks rethink their pr
35、oductsDis produced by food banks in a traditional wayWho we needWe are looking for talented and passionate people to work for health. WHO is committed to achieving workforce variety, aiming to achieve a broad representation of nationals of our member countries. Particular attention is paid to candid
36、ates from developing countries and gender balance. Selection of staff is made on a competitive basis. All posts are filled in accordance with WHOs ability model.There are two key categories of staff at WHO：professionals(P) or directors(D) who are internationally recruited(招募) and general(G) or natio
37、nal professional(NPO) staff who are recruited locally for both fixed or short-term positions. We also run internship(实习) and opportunities for junior professional officers(JPOs).Internationally recruited(Por D)Professional staff and directors are hired internationally and occupy leadership functions
38、 or positions that require a significant level of technical expertise. P or D staff are mobile and are expected to work across the globe.Locally recruited(G or NPO)General Service staff are hired locally at the respective duty station. Their main role is to work with and support internationally recr
39、uited staff in their roles and to assure the smooth functioning of all administrative matters.National Professional Officers are nationals of the country in which they serve and perform functions of a professional nature requiring local knowledge, professional knowledge and experience.InternshipsWe
40、offer internships for current students with educational background in public health, management or administration fields.Junior professional officer programmeThe Junior Professional Officer(JPO) Programme provides young professionals at an early stage in their career with practical experience in int
41、ernational technical co-operation. JPOs are sponsored by their respective governments.Recruitment restrictionsPlease note the following restrictions on recruitment：Relatives of WHO Staff: Except where another equally well qualified person cannot be recruited, appointment shall not be granted to a pe
42、rson who bears any of the following relationships to a staff member: father, mother, son, daughter, brother or sister.Candidates under the age of 20 and above the age of 62 will not be considered for any vacancy.Policy on Non-Recruitment of Smokers: WHO has a smoke-free environment and does not recr
43、uit smokers or other tobacco users who do not indicate a willingness to stop smoking. This policy underscores the Organizations commitment to promoting a tobacco-free environment.41The above webpage aims at _.Arecruiting volunteers for WHOBachieving a broad representation of nationalsCexplaining the
44、 functions of WHODproviding information about WHO positions42What kind of applicants will definitely be turned down according to the restrictions?AMales in their later 60s.BPeople who have health problems.CChildren of WHO staff.DCandidates with a smoking history.43What can be learned from the webpag
45、e?AGeneral Service staff are recruited all around the world.BJunior Professional Officers work for local governments.CCurrent students majoring in engineering can apply for internships.DProfessionals and directors are an internationally mobile workforce.A seismic（地震的；重大的）shift in climate science mig
46、ht be heating up.New research shows that sound waves, produced by earthquakes can be used to measure temperatures in the ocean which traps 90% of the heat Earth absorbs from the sun，making long-term changes in ocean warmth, a major factor in how the world might respond to global warming.For years th
47、e main approach of measuring ocean temperature has been Argo, an array（阵列）of 4000 automatic floats, which drifts the globe, sampling ocean water and measuring its temperature. Yet Argo measurements stop at 2000 meters.The new technique called “Seismic Ocean Thermometry”, would be especially useful in detecting long-term changes in ocean temperatures deeper than Argos reach.“Ocean Acoustic Tomography”, the basis for the current research, was first tested nearly 30
