1、人教精通版六年级小升初拓展知识点总结1. 注意否定句和疑问句中的【someany和andor】的问题；而在表示“客气的请求或邀请的语气的疑问句里”, some不变any.Do you have _ friends here? Yes, I have _.I dont have _ water _ juice. Can you give me _ water, please?Would you like _ bread? No, thanks.2. few / a few 和little / a little的用法区别：(1). few / a few修饰可数名词复数；little / a li
2、ttle修饰不可数名词。(2). a few / a little = some 表示“肯定意思”是有几个，有一些的意思。 few / little = not any表示“否定意思”是没有几个，没有一些的意思( ) 1. There is _ time left. Hurry up. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little( ) 2. There are _ minutes left. Lets hurry. A. few B. a few C. little D. a littleI have _ friends here. So I am very h
3、appy.There is _ water in the bottle. You can drink if youre thirsty.3. 形容词和副词的特点及用法：(1). 形容词一般修饰事物是什么样子的，放在名词的前面，be动词的后面。形容词一般由“名词+ful” 或“名词+ly”变化而来。(2). 副词一般修饰动作发生的状态，放在行为动词的后面。副词一般由“形容词+ly”变化而来。注意：由福音字母+y为结尾的形容词需变y为i再加上ly. Tom is a _ ( care ) boy, he does his homework _ ( care ) every evening. Tod
4、ay is Toms birthday, he is very _. Look they are singing _. ( happy ) The book is very _. ( use ) You can use it _. ( easy )4. 单音节和多音节形容词的比较级、最高级的变化形式：(1).单音节形容词比较级在词尾+er 最高级在词尾+est注意：福音字母+y为结尾，变y为i 再加er / est 重读闭音节的，双写结尾的福音字母再加er / est(2).多音节形容词比较级在词前+more 最高级在词前+the most注意：多音节形容词一般指词尾带有 “+ful / +l
5、y / +ing”标志的形容词。Summer is the _ ( hot ) season in a year.They want to make their country _. (beautiful)In winter days get _ and _. ( short )Mary is _ ( careful ) girl in her class.5. much (很多) / a little(一点)也叫程度副词，可以放在形容词比较级前面用来表示两者比较相差的程度大或相差的程度小。( ) This book is _ than that one. A. much interestin
6、ger B. most interesting C. much more interesting D. the more interesting( ) The room is _ than our classroom. A. much big B. the bigger C. more bigger D. much bigger6. 形容词最高级和序数词前面如果有“物主代词my / our / your / his / her / their”时， 不加the 。( ) Tom is _ friend in my class. A. the my best B. my the best C.
7、best D. my best ( ) Today is _ birthday. A. Lilys twelveth B. the Lilys twelvth C. Lilys twelfth D. the Lilys twelfth ( ) This is _ day in school. A. my first B. the my first C. my the first7. one of 句式：（放在句首看作三单形式，句中动词也应用三单形式）(1). One of +复数名词：其中的一个(2). One of +the 最高级+复数名词：其中的一个最( ) New York is on
8、e of _ in America. A. the big city B. the big cities C. the biggest cities D. biggest cities( ) One of my _ _ from America. A. friend, comes B. friends, come C. friend, come D. friends, comes8. each（每一个）的用法：each 放在句首时，一般使用【each of +复数名词】的词组形式，为三单形式，动词也用三单。each 放在复数名词后面，则主题名词是复数，动词应用原型。( ). Each of t
9、he students _ a new desk in my class. A. have B. has C. is D. are( ). The children each _ a present at the party. A. get B. gets C. is getting D. to get9. 动词ing形式：即动名词的用法：(1). 介词“on / in / at / of / by / for / from / with / about的后面要使用“动词ing”形式。(2). 表示“兴趣，爱好”时， 也要使用“动词ing”(3). 放在句首时，动词ing形式表示一件事，不表示
10、一个动作。He is good at _. ( swim ) Thank you for _ ( help ) me.They like _ ( collect ) stamps. What about _ ( play ) football tomorrow? I learned a lot by _ ( make ) things. Peter is interested in _ ( sing ). _ ( read ) in bed is bad for your health. Peters hobby is _ ( skate )._ ( do ) morning exercise
11、 is good for your health.10. 在一些固定词组和固定句型中，也使用动词ing的形式：(1). There is / are +sb(某人) + doing sth. （有某人正在做某事。）(2). see +sb(某人) + doing sth.（看见某人正在做某事）(3). keep +sb(某人) +doing sth. （保持某人一直在做某事）(4). be busy +doing sth. （一直在忙于做某事）There are all kinds of animals _ ( live ) together with us.I can see a bird
12、_ ( sing ) in the tree.Sorry, I kept you _ ( wait ) for a long time.The workers are busy _ ( work ) in the room.There is a boy _ ( fly ) a kite on the playground.11. 注意以下一些固定词组的用法：tell sb(某人) + to do sth : _tell sb(某人) + not to do sth : _ask sb(某人) + to do sth : _ask sb(某人) + not to do sth : _help s
13、b(某人) + to do sth = help sb(某人) + do sth = help sb(某人) + with sth : _learn a lot from: _ learn a lot by : _learn to do sth : _Our teacher often tells us _ ( obey ) the school rules.Please tell people _ ( not hunt ) the wild animals.We should help our parents _ ( do ) housework at home.We learned a l
14、ot by _ ( grow ) flowers.My mother always asks me _ ( not read ) in bed.12. time词组的使用：【time for+名词】【time to do sth】 做某事的时间( ). We have no time _ TV. Its too late. A. to B. at C. on D. for( ). Dont worry. There is a little time _ the football match. A. to watch B. watch C. for watch D. watchingIts ti
15、me _ _ lunch. Its twelve oclock.Its time for school. (同意句) Its time _ _ _ school.13. 其他一些固定句型：Why dont you + do sth? = Why not + do sth ? 为什么不去做某事呢？What do you think about ( of ) ？= How do you like ？你认为怎么样？What is the age of ？= How old is ？某人的年龄是多大？What is wrong with ？= What is the matter with ？某人或某
16、个事物怎么啦（发生什么事啦）？(1). ( ) Why _ to school earlier? A. not you B. dont come C. not come D. dont comes(2). What do you think of this storybook? (同意句) _ do you _ this storybook?(3). My brother is eighteen years old. (划线提问) _ _ is your brother? _ is your brothers _?(4). My bike is broken. (划线提问) _ _ with
17、your bike? _ _ _ with your bike?14. 介词：【in / on / at / for】表达时间时的区别：in :表示在某年、某月、某个季节。on :表示在某一天（日期、节日、生日、星期几），也表示在某一天当中的上下午或晚上。at :表示在某个时刻。for :则表示有多长时间，一般连接有时间长度的时间段。注意：如果在时间名词前面有this / that限定词，不再加介词in / on / at_ my birthday _ New Years Day _ Sunday morning_ this morning _ January 1st _ lunch time
18、_ four oclock _ that year _ a few days_ a cold morning _ winter _ that summer15. There be句型的特点以及和have (has)的区别：There be 句型是指以There is / There are为句首的句子，表示在某地有某物；There be句型的使用要遵守“就近原则”即：be动词的形式随最近的名词走，单则单，复则复，不可数为单数。将来时的形式是：There will be = There is going to be 表示在将来的时间将会有某物。have (has):则表示某人拥有某物，have
19、(has)必须和人称代词连用。(1). There _ a pen and two books on the table.(2). ( ) There _ a good movie in the cinema tomorrow evening. A. is B. has C. is going to have D. will be(3). There are two windows in the wall. (同意句) The _ _ two windows.16. 以some / any / every / no为开头的组合词叫不定代词(1). 修饰不定代词的形容词，要放在不定代词的后面。(
20、2). 不定代词的后面也可以用to do 的结构来修饰。以上的两种用法叫做“不定代词定语后置”。( ) I have _ to tell you. A. important something B. something important C. important anything D. anything important( ) Would you like something _? A. eating B. to eat C. ate D. eat17. 物主代词的用法：物主代词是用来表示人与物之间所属关系的。 形容词性my our yourhisheritstheir名词性mineour
21、syourshishersitstheirs (1). 特点：名词性物主代词一般在形容词性物主代词结尾+s (2). 用法：形容词性物主代词+名词 = 名词性物主代词 我们可以把名词性物主代词看作是“形容词性物主代词+名词”的缩写形式。形容词性物主代词多用于前半句，名词性物主代词多用于后半句。 ( ). This is _ bike, _ is over there. A. my, mine B. my, yours C. her, your D. his, her (填空) Our classroom is very big, but _is very small. ( they )18.
22、反义疑问句的结构与特点：结构：(1). 前半句是肯定句，后半句为否定形式的一般问句开头部分？ (2). 前半句是否定句，后半句为肯定形式的一般问句开头部分？ (3). 以Lets为开头的祈使句，后半句用shall we? (4). 以其他的祈使句开头的， 后半句用will you?特点：(1). 后半句中的一般问句开头部分是通过把前半句变成一般问句获得的。 (2). 有时候前半句中的否定句不一定有“not , dont , doesnt , didnt”，如有一些否定意义的单词“never, few, little”，也算否定句，后半句也要用肯定形式的一般问句开头。(1). He can ma
23、ke a kite, _ _? (2). Tom doesnt go to school on Sundays, _ _?(3). Mary often comes to school early, _ _? (4). There is little water in the bottle, _ _?(5). He never makes noise in class, _ _?(6). Lets go shopping together, _ _?(7). Dont throw rubbish everywhere, _ _?(8). Please be kind to animals, _
24、 _?19. 感叹句的两种结构的辨别：What (a / an ) + 形容词+名词+【主语+动词！】How + 形容词（或副词） + 【主语 +动词！】(1). They are lovely girls. (变感叹句) _ _ girls they are!(2). The horse is very fine. (变感叹句) _ _ _ horse it is!(3). They are singing happily. (变感叹句) _ _ they are singing!(4). The storybook is very interesting. (变感叹句) _ _ the s
25、torybook is!(5). The boy is running very fast. (变感叹句) _ _ the boy is running!20. 特殊疑问句和宾语从句的辨别：特殊疑问句一般单独使用，结构为【疑问词+一般疑问句？】宾语从句一般放在一个句中动词的后面，结构为【疑问词+肯定句】(1). We are going to visit the Summer Palace. (划线提问) _ _ we going to _?(2). 这个向导正在告诉我们将要去哪里参观。The tour guide is telling us _ _ _ _ _ _.(3). ( ). Can
26、 you tell me _. A. how can I get there B. how I can get there C. how are you get there D. how you are get there(4). ( ). I dont know _. A. what should I say B. what do I say C. what I should say D. what I do say21. 放在一个句子当中动词后面的【宾语从句】也可以用成【疑问词+to do 】的结构。(1). Now Ill show you _ a leaf painting. (如何制
27、作)(2). ( ). I learned _ the reference books in the library. A. how can I use B. how use C. how to use D. how I do use22. 用来提问特殊疑问句的疑问词当中，注意How 以及How many / How much的用法：How ：可以提问“交通方法，学习方法”How many+名词复数：可以提问可数名词的数量。How much+不可数名词：可以提问不可数名词的数量。(1). My father often goes to work on foot. (划线提问) _ (2). I
28、 learned a lot from people around me. (划线提问)_ (3). I learned a lot by making things. (划线提问)_ (4). There is only one apple on the tree. (划线提问)_ (5). There is a little juice in the bottle. (划线提问)_23. 在问路的对话中，一些问路的问句及同意句：Where is the ？How can I get to the ？= Which is the way to the ？= Can you tell me t
29、he way to the ?_ _ _注意回答时常用的一些词组：Go straight along the road / street :_ Take a bus there : _Turn left / right : _ on the left / right : _get on a bus : _get off a bus : _at the third stop :_24. 句型变化中必须要注意使用的三个知识点：(1). 先看句中是否有be动词或情态动词。(2). 再根据原句中动词形式确定添加哪一个助动词。(3). 再把原句中的动词变回原形。He did his homework l
30、ast evening. (否定句) He _ _ his homework last evening.They often play football after school (一般疑问句) _ they often _ football after school?They taught us in many new ways. (划线提问) _ _ they _ us?25. have (has) +过去分词：这个结构叫现在完成时，表示已经完成的事情并且有了结果。如：have made great progress _have done a lot of activities_这样结构的
31、否定句直接在have (has) 后面加not ; 一般疑问直接把have (has)移到句首。(1). You have made great progress in your studies. (否定句).You _ _ _ great progress in your studies.(2). They have done a lot of things in primary school. (一般疑问句) . _ they _ a lot of things in primary school?26. 方为名词与其形容词的变化，以及方位词组中的in和to的区别：方为名词有：east /
32、 south / west / north / southeast / northeast / southwest / northwest(1). 在方为名词结尾+ern标志，可以把方为名词变成形容词“某个方向的”(2). 在表示方位的词组中，介词in表示在某一范围之内的某个方向，介词to表示在某一范围之外的某个方向。Beijing is _ the north of Tianjin. Xian is _ the west of China.Japan is _ the east of China. The Great Wall is _ the north of Beijing.China
33、is an _ ( east ) country. Christmas is a _ ( west ) festival.27. 倒装句的表达方法：一般如前半句中有be动词或情态动词，倒装句中让然使用be动词后情态动词，如前半句中没有be动词或情态动词，在倒装句中要使用do / does / did代替前半句中的动词形式。Tom is a good student, so _ I . He can draw picture, so _ I .They swim very well, so _ we. You learned a lot of things, so _ I . Who often
34、 goes to school by bike? -Tom _.28. 集体名词：family / class / group的用法：family / class / group :即代表一个集体，又表示集体中的成员；当代表一个集体时，视为三单形式，当表示集体中成员时，则视为复数形式。(1). ( ). _ the class of one _ on the playground? A. Does, play B. Is, playing C. Do, playing D. Are, playing(2). ( ). Peters family _ going on a trip around
35、 China. A. is B. are C. do D. does(3). ( ). My family _ a big dinner now. A. has B. have C. is having D. are having29. 数量单位词：hundred / thousand / million的用法：(1). 数量单位词前有具体数词时，单位词用单数形式，不加s ，不加of(2). 数量单位词前没有具体数词时，单位词要加s和of的词组形式。(选择)：(1). ( ). Our school has _ students. A. three hundreds B. hundreds o
36、f C. three hundred of D. hundred of(2). ( ). Every year _ visitors come to China to see lots of interesting places. A. million of B. five millions C. five millions of D. five million(3). ( ). There are _ books in our library. A. six thousand B. thousand of C. six thousands of D. thousands30. 由intere
37、st / excite变化而成的形容词有：interesting / interested / exciting / excited注意：以ing为结尾的形容词，用来形容事物；以ed为结尾的形容词，用来形容人物。(填空)：We are all _ when we heard(听说) the _ news. ( excite ) They are _ in the _ story. ( interest )31. 表达交通方法的词组中介词词组：【by+交通工具】和 【on / in +限定词+交通工具】by bus = _ by bike = _ by plane = _by car = _ b
38、y train = _ by subway = _32. 词组：like doing sh 与like to do sth的区别：like doing sth :喜欢做某事（用来表达某人的行为习惯，兴趣，爱好）like to do sth : 愿意，想要做某事（针对具体某一件事而言）(填空)：(1). My mother likes _ (swim), but today she doesnt like _. (swim)(2). Our teacher likes me _ (read) English every morning.(3). Tom likes _ (help) other people.33. 注意词组：keep +名词+形容词 ：
