1、 Unit 4图文单词图文单词解析解析Confuciusknfjus 孔子孔子Temple of ConfuciusCemetery of Confucius孔庙孔庙孔林(墓地)孔林(墓地)mansionmnnn.公馆;宅第公馆;宅第cemeterysemtrin.墓地;公墓墓地;公墓philosophyflsfin.哲学哲学descendantdsendntn.后裔;后代;子孙后裔;后代;子孙Chinese descendant 炎黄子孙炎黄子孙She is a descendant of Ghengis Khan.她是成吉思汗的后代。她是成吉思汗的后代。4.individual adj.单
2、独的;个别的 n.个人 individual difference个体差异We interviewed each individual member of the community.我们采访了社区中的每个成员。The competition is open to both teams and individuals.团队和个人均可参加比赛。同根词 individually adv.分别地;单独地heelhiln.足跟;(脚、袜子、鞋足跟;(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟等的)后跟Achilles heel kili:z(喻)(希腊神话)(喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟,致命的弱点阿喀琉斯的脚跟,致命
3、的弱点kingdomkdmn.王国;领域王国;领域5.kingdom n.王国;领域;管辖范围the United Kingdom 联合王国拓展:kingpin 主要人物 kingship 王位 king-size 特大的 kingfisher 翠鸟 chieftif adj.最重要的;最高级别的最重要的;最高级别的n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长(公司或机构的)首领;酋长6.chief adj.最重要的;最高级别的=most important;mian n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长(复数:chiefs)同根词:主要地 adv.chiefly 拓展:the chief problem/rea
4、son:主要问题/原因(理由)CEO =Chief Executive(adj.行政的,)OfficerAccording to the text,what are two chief advantages of studying the history of a country?根据课文,学习一个国家的历史的两个主要优势是什么?puzzlepzln.谜;智力游戏;疑问谜;智力游戏;疑问vt.迷惑;使困惑迷惑;使困惑1.1.He wore a expression,maybe the problem was quite _.2.Some people are puzzled _ the fac
5、t that he is still single.3._(使我困惑的是)is that I dont know the exact time for the test.bypuzzledconfusedpuzzling/confusingWhat puzzles menearbynbaadj.附近的;邻近的附近的;邻近的adv.在附近在附近join to 略略 把把和和连接或联结起来连接或联结起来break away(from sb/sth)略略脱离;背叛;逃脱脱离;背叛;逃脱(1)break away from 脱离;背叛;逃脱脱离;背叛;逃脱(2)break up 打碎;分裂,解体;结束
6、;打碎;分裂,解体;结束;(关系等关系等)破裂破裂(3)break down 出故障;垮掉;失败出故障;垮掉;失败(4)break into 破门而入;突然破门而入;突然.起来起来(及物动词短语)动词短语)(5)break in 破门而入;打断,插嘴(破门而入;打断,插嘴(不及物动词短语)动词短语)(6)break out(战争、洪水、火灾等战争、洪水、火灾等)突然发生,爆发突然发生,爆发 break away from(1)The Union first consisted of several countries,which broke away _ it later because of
7、 conflicts.(2)It was the fact that his car broke _ on the way this afternoon that made him late for the meeting.(3)-Im surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken _.-So am I.They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.(4)We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had brok
8、en _the office during the night.单句语法填空单句语法填空downfromintoupbelong to略略属于属于11.belongThe four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work(P40)Where do these plates belong?这些盘子这些盘子_哪里?哪里?Papercutting has a history of over 1,500 years,belonging to traditional art in China 剪纸有剪纸有1,500多年的历史,多年的历史,_中国传
9、统艺术。中国传统艺术。She packed a few of her belongings in a bag and left 她把她的几件她把她的几件_装进包里便离开了。装进包里便离开了。属于属于vi.应在(某处);适应应在(某处);适应 东西东西应放在应放在belongings n.附属品;财物附属品;财物belong to 属于属于;是是的成员的成员/一部分一部分 不用于被动语态和进行时态不用于被动语态和进行时态belonging to做后置定语时,相当于一个定语从句做后置定语时,相当于一个定语从句belong to 属于属于;是是的成员的成员/一部分一部分 belong to不用于被动
10、语态和进行时态。belonging to做后置定语时,相当于含有belong to的定语从句。belong to中的to是介词,后接名词或代词作宾语,但不能接名词所有格或名词性物主代词。belongings n.附属品;财物附属品;财物a sense of belonging归属感归纳:(1)单句语法填空The house had belonged _ her family for three or four generationsMany of her personal _(belong)had been stolen(2)单句写作离开教室之前记得带走属于你的所有东西。belongingst
11、oRemember to take everything _ you before leaving the classroom.(用定从)(用定从)Remember to take everything_ you before leaving the classroom.belonging tothat belongs to as well as略略 同(一样也);同(一样也);和;还和;还 12.as well as同(一样也);和;还 拓展:(1)as well as“既又”,可连接两个平行结构。连接两个名 词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式与as well as之前的主语一致。(2)as
12、well“也;又;还”,常放在句子末尾,作为副词短语使用。(3)may/might as well do sth倒不如做某事;不妨做某事 Amy,as well as her brothers,(give)a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.The deadline for the project is around the corner,so we as well get some help.As well as(have)difficulty adapting herself to the new school li
13、fe,she found the culture difference was another challenge for her.注:注:as well as 用作介词,相当于besides,in addition to,意思是“除.之外”,后面常接名词或动名词,尤其是位于句首时。was givenmay/mighthavingcurrencykrnsin.通货;货币通货;货币British currency went metric in 1971.militarymltriadj.军事的;军用的军事的;军用的defencedfensn.防御;保卫防御;保卫15.defend v.防御,保护
14、,辩解,辩护 defence n 防御;保卫 拓展:defend.against/from.保卫.免受.defend against防御 defend oneself 自卫;自我辩护;in defence of.为保卫.;为.辩护 What points can be raised in defence of this argument.有什么论点能提出来为这个说法辩护?温馨提示:与defend.from/against.用法类似的还有:prevent.(from).;stop.(from).;keep.from.;protect.from/against.在被动语态中from都不可省略。le
15、galliladj.法律的;合法的法律的;合法的16 legal lig()ladj.法律的;合法的;法定的 拓展:legally adv.法律上;合法地 illegally adv.不合法地 It is legal to do sth 做某事是合法的(2019浙江)出于法律原因,大多数餐馆都有禁止转送厨余食物的政策。For legal reasons,most restaurants have a policy against giving away food waste.(2017天津)它将把无人驾驶汽车置于与人类司机同等的法律地位。It will put fully driverless
16、 cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers.surroundsrandvt.围绕;包围围绕;包围17 surround vt.围绕;包围(1)surround.with.用包围 be surrounded by/with被包围(2)surrounding adj.周围的;附近的 surroundings n.环境17 surround vt.围绕;包围 This county is surrounded rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.The(surround)village
17、s have been included into the growing city.The buildings have been designed to blend in with their _(surround).注:surroundings用复数形式,主要指周围的具体物质环境。environment 是集合名词单数,既可表示抽象概念,也可表示具体意义,指对人的发展产生影响的自然环境或生活环境。by/withsurroundingsurroundingsevidence evdnsn.证据;证明证据;证明18 evidence n.证据,根据,证明拓展:evident adj.清楚的;
18、明白的;显而易见的 evidently adv.明显地;显然地 寻找证据:look for/search for evidence 找到证据:find evidence (出庭)作证:give evidence 一项证据:a piece of evidence.evidence n.证据;证明(1)There is evidence _ global climate is getting warmer.(2)_(很明显)they have experience in this work.Its evident that 很明显很明显thatIts evident that There is s
19、ome/no evidence that.有证据证明有证据证明 in evidence 显眼;显而易见显眼;显而易见achievementtivmntn.成就;成绩;达到成就;成绩;达到2.achievement n.成就;成绩;达到l achieve ones goal实现某人的目标l achieve ones success取得成功l a sense of achievement成就感(1)他终于实现了目标,成为一名钢琴家。He eventually _.(2)We _(感到成就感)when we reached the top of the mountain.achieved his g
20、oal of becoming a pianistfelt a sense of achievement locationlken n.地方;地点;位置地方;地点;位置conquerkk(r)vt.占领;征服;控制占领;征服;控制battlebtln.战役;搏斗战役;搏斗vi.&vt.搏斗;奋斗搏斗;奋斗portpt n.港口(城市)港口(城市)fascinatingfsnetadj.极有吸引力的;迷人的极有吸引力的;迷人的keep your eyes open(for)略略留心;留意留心;留意chargetdn.收费;指控;主管收费;指控;主管vt.收费;控告;充电收费;控告;充电24.ch
21、arge n.收费;指控;主管vt.收费;控告;充电 拓展:(1)charge sb with sth因某事控告某人 charge sb for sth向某人索取的费用(2)free of charge/for free 免费 in charge(of)主管;负责;照顾 in the charge of/in ones charge由某人负责;由某人管理 take charge of掌管;负责;看管 We have enough confidence to charge you abuse of power.The generous owner of the pub charged us on
22、ly a small amount of money wine and beer.Your order will be delivered free charge within a ten-mile limit.He cant take charge the computer company because it is beyond his ability.withforof of(1)Your order will be sent free _ charge.(2)She took charge _ the family business,when her father died.(3)Sh
23、e has yet to be charged _ any crime.(4)The girl was safely in _ charge of a nurse.ofofwiththe这家公司在格林小姐的掌管之下。这家公司在格林小姐的掌管之下。Miss Green is the company.The company is Miss Green.The company is .in charge ofin the charge ofin Miss Greens chargeannouncenansvt.宣布;通知;声称宣布;通知;声称 announcement n.通告;宣告 announc
24、er n.广播员;播音员announce sth.to sb 向某人宣告某事It is announced that 据宣布.make an announcement 宣布16.announce v.宣布;通知;声称announce sth.to sb./announce to sb.sth./announce to sb.thatas is announcedProfessor Wang is announced _ _(come)to make a speech about his adventures at sea.I will always _ my goals _ the world
25、.(announce)单句写作:正如新闻所说,单句写作:正如新闻所说,78岁的拜登岁的拜登(Biden)将成为美国的新一届总统。将成为美国的新一届总统。向某人宣布向某人宣布正如宣布的那样正如宣布的那样to comeannounce to_ in the news,the 78-year-old Biden will become the new president of the United States.As is annoucedamountmant n.金额;数量金额;数量 mant a large amount of +不可数 大量,许多(谓单)large amounts of +不可
26、数 大量,许多(谓复)1)A large amount of water _(have)been polluted.2)Large amounts of water _(have)been polluted.the amount of.的总数量8.amount n.金额;数量 hashaveamount to等于;达到25.amount n.金额;数量v.总计,共计;相当于,等于(2)amount to等于;达到“许多/大量”集合:a number of只接可数名词复数。a great deal of,a great amount of(large amounts of)只接不可数名词。a l
27、ot of(lots of),plenty of,a large quantity of(large quantities of)既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。Large amounts of honey and butter(be)used to make this kind of snack.A large amount of money(be)spent on the construction of the school last year.The total sales of the company didnt amount more than a million dollar
28、s.werewastogallery lrin.(艺术作品的)展览馆;画廊(艺术作品的)展览馆;画廊approachprtn.方法;途径;接近方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽;着手处理接近;接洽;着手处理vi.靠近靠近 读句子,感受approach的词性,词义及相关用法:1)As you approach the town,youll see the college on the left.2)Whats the best way of approaching this problem?3)Spring is approaching.4)In my view,the best approach
29、 to working out is to go jogging every day.vt.接近接近vt.着手处理着手处理vi.靠近靠近n.方式方式6.approach v.&n.approach 用法归纳:(1)approach vt.接近;接洽;着手处理接近;接洽;着手处理 approach the house 走近房子走近房子 approach the problem/matter 处理问题处理问题(2)approach n.方法;途径;接近方法;途径;接近 the approach of.的来临的来临/临近临近 at the approach of 在在.快到的时候快到的时候 an a
30、pproach to(doing)sth.(做)某事的方法(做)某事的方法/方式方式(3)approachable adj.可接近的;和蔼可亲的;易理解的可接近的;和蔼可亲的;易理解的 approaching adj.接近的接近的;逼近的;逼近的易混辨析易混辨析:approach,way,method,meansapproach除了意为除了意为“方法方法”之外,还有之外,还有“接近;途径接近;途径”的意思,的意思,常用常用 an/the approach ton./doing sth.way使用范围广,常用于具体事物或口语中;前面与使用范围广,常用于具体事物或口语中;前面与in搭配,后搭配,后
31、面接面接to do/of doing。method指条理的、系统的办法;前面与指条理的、系统的办法;前面与with搭配,后面接搭配,后面接ofn./doingmeans指实现目的的手段或使用某种交通工具的方式;前面与指实现目的的手段或使用某种交通工具的方式;前面与by搭配,后面接搭配,后面接of doingin the way to do/of doing sth.with the method of+n./doing sth.by the means of doing sth.(1)What we need are new approaches _ solving the problem.(
32、2)Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to _(work)things out.(3)_ this way,we can get along with each other happily and peacefully.(4)However,there are also some problems _ this teaching method.单句语法填空单句语法填空workingtoInAt the approach of 完成句子完成句子with _(.快到的
33、时候)the interview,he became rather nervous and upset.ensuren(r)vt.保证;确保;担保保证;确保;担保landscapelndskepn.(陆上,尤指乡村(陆上,尤指乡村的)风景的)风景generousdenrs adj.adj.慷慨的;大方的;慷慨的;大方的;丰富的丰富的butterbt(r)n.黄油;奶油黄油;奶油vt.涂黄油于涂黄油于honeyhnin.蜂蜜蜂蜜ancestor nsest(r)n.祖宗;祖先祖宗;祖先positionpzn n.位置;姿态;职位位置;姿态;职位vt.安装;安置安装;安置courtyardktjd
34、n.庭院;院子庭院;院子snacksnkn.点心;小吃点心;小吃eageri(r)adj.热切的;渴望的热切的;渴望的 29.eager adj.渴望的;热切的 拓展:(1)be eager to do sth渴望做某事 be eager for sth渴望得到某物(2)eagerly adv.热切地;急切地(3)eagerness n.热切;渴望 with eagerness热切地;急切地 hide ones eagerness掩饰某人的渴望 As soon as we came to the new city,we found ourselves eager (have)a taste o
35、f local snacks and beer.The young man was eager a car after he graduated from college.to haveforpoet pt n.诗人诗人countykantin.(英国、爱尔兰的)郡;(英国、爱尔兰的)郡;(美国的)县(美国的)县feastfistn.盛宴;宴会;节日盛宴;宴会;节日rollrlvi.&vt.(使)翻滚;(使)翻滚;(使)滚动(使)滚动n.卷(轴);翻滚卷(轴);翻滚30.roll v.(使)翻滚(使)滚动 n.卷轴;翻滚;小面包条;脂肪;名单拓展:a roll of film 一卷胶卷 a f
36、orward roll 前滚翻 roll in 大量涌入 roll down 滚下 The ball rolled down the hill.球滚下了山。Wallpaper is sold in rolls.壁纸按卷销售dot dt n.点;小(圆)点点;小(圆)点 vt.加点;遍布加点;遍布cattlektln.牛牛roarr(r)vi.&n.吼叫;咆哮吼叫;咆哮oceannn.大海;海洋大海;海洋scentsentn.气味;气息气味;气息greetritvt.问候;迎接问候;迎接pubpbn.酒吧;酒馆酒吧;酒馆winewan n.葡萄酒;果酒葡萄酒;果酒beerb(r)n.(一杯)啤酒
37、(一杯)啤酒stewstjun.炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)vt.&vi.炖;煨炖;煨customkstmn.风俗;习俗;习惯风俗;习俗;习惯sensorysensriadj.感觉的;感官的感觉的;感官的strikingstrakadj.引人注目的;引人注目的;显著的显著的 33.striking adj.引人注目的;显著的)拓展:strike :(strike -struck -struck/stricken)罢工;侵袭;重创;打;碰撞;打动;敲钟;(钟)打点/报时 A striking image.引人注目的形象 There is a striking difference bet
38、weenTom and Peter.区别很大transitiontrnzn n.过渡;转变;变迁过渡;转变;变迁crowdkradn.人群;一群人;民众人群;一群人;民众vt.挤满;使挤满;使拥挤拥挤 34 crowd n.人群;一群人;民众 vt.挤满;使拥挤 拓展:a crowd of/crowds of:一大群;很多 crowd into sth:大批涌入.crowded:adj.拥挤的;挤满的 be crowded with.:挤满Crowds of people poured into the street.人们成群结队涌上街头。Waleswelz 威尔士(英国)威尔士(英国)Sco
39、tlandsktlnd 苏格兰(英国)苏格兰(英国)Northern Irelandnn alnd北爱尔兰(英国)北爱尔兰(英国)Anglo-Saxonl sksn 盎格鲁盎格鲁撒克逊人撒克逊人Vikingvakn.维京人;北欧海盗维京人;北欧海盗the Normansnmnz 诺曼人诺曼人Battle of Hastingshestz 黑斯廷斯战役黑斯廷斯战役Romanrmnadj.古罗马的;罗马的古罗马的;罗马的n.古罗马人;罗马市民古罗马人;罗马市民Van Goghvn g 梵高(荷兰画家)梵高(荷兰画家)the Emerald Islehestz绿宝石岛绿宝石岛(爱尔兰的别称)(爱尔兰的别称)Irisharadj.爱尔兰的;爱尔兰的;爱尔兰人(或语)的爱尔兰人(或语)的n.爱尔兰语爱尔兰语感谢感谢聆听聆听