1、Unit 1Unit 1Science and Science and ScientistsScientistsWord studyWord formations1.frustrate vt.使懊恼；使沮丧_ n.懊恼；沮丧_ adj.懊恼的；沮丧的_ adj.令人懊恼的；令人沮丧的2.infect vt.使感染；传染_ n.感染；传染_ adj.带菌的3.prove vt.证明；显示vi.证明是_ n.证据；证明；检验4.intervene vi.干涉；插话_ n.介入；出面；干涉5.tranform vt.使改观；使改变形态vi.改变；转变_ n.改观；转变6.defend vt.保卫；防
2、御；辩护_ n.防御；保卫frustration frustration frustrated frustrated frustrating frustrating infectioninfection infectedinfected proofproof interventionintervention transformationtransformation defensedefense/defencedefence Word formations7.assist vt.帮助；援助_ n.帮助；援助_ n.助手；助理8.gift n.礼物；天赋_ adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的9
3、.contradictory adj.相互矛盾的_v.与相矛盾_n.不一致 10.subscribe vi.认购(股份);定期订购;定期捐助_ n.订阅人 11.severe adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的_adv.严重地 12.multiple adj.数量多的_v.乘;倍增assistanceassistance assistantassistant giftedgifted contradictcontradictionsubscriberseverelymultiplyWord formations13.suspect v.怀疑 n.C犯罪嫌疑人_ adj.可疑的14.inte
4、rvention n.干预_v.干预15.pure adj.干净的；纯的 _v.净化16.substantial adj.大量的;价值大_n.物质;实质17.virus n.C病毒_adj.病毒性的 18.initial adj.最初的；开始的 n.首字母_adv.最初19.solid adj.固体的,坚实的&n.C固体_adj.液体的 n.液体20.concrete n.混凝土；adj.具体的_adv.具体地21.patriotic adj.爱国的_n.爱国主义suspicioussuspiciousinterveneintervenepurifypurifysubstancesubstan
5、ceviralviralinitiallyinitiallyliquidliquidconcretelyconcretelypatriotismpatriotism 1.severe adj.极为恶劣的极为恶劣的;十分严重的十分严重的;严厉的严厉的;苛刻苛刻的的be severe on/with 对严厉(=be hard on=be strict with)be severe with oneself 严于律己a severe winter/weather condition 严冬/恶劣天气状况cause severe damage 造成严重的破坏severe diseases/injurie
6、s 严重的疾病/伤势1.She was a severe woman who seldom smiled.(1)Anyone breaking the law will be _(severe)punished.(2)The president came under _(严厉的批评)for his inability to tackle the crisis.severelysevere criticism 2.contradictory adj.互相矛盾的；互相对立的互相矛盾的；互相对立的be contradictory to 与-矛盾/对立What he did was contradic
7、tory to what he said.self-contradictory/contradict oneself 自相矛盾的contradictory information 矛盾信息contradict each other 互相矛盾 contradict to/with.和-对比；同-矛盾contradict sb.与某人唱反调；反驳某人in contradiction to/with.与相矛盾/相反contradiction between A and B A与B之间的矛盾1.His remark was contradictory to the truth.2.contradict
8、ory adj.互相矛盾的；互相对立的互相矛盾的；互相对立的(1)We are faced with two apparently_(contradict)statements.(2)People found this sort of _(contradict)reality hard to accept.(3)He kept _(contradict)himself when we were arguingI think he was a bit confused.一句多译：与法律相矛盾的文件将被修改。Documents that are contradictory to the law w
9、ill be revised.Documents that are in contradiction to the law will be revised.Documents that contradict with/to the law will be revised.contradictorycontradictorycontradicting3.transform vi.&vt.改变，转变；使改变改变，转变；使改变transform.into.把变成transform sb./sth.from.把某人/物从中转变(1)The health security systems of many
10、 countries are undergoing considerable _(transform)(2)Every moment of every day,energy _(transform)from one form into another.(3)I was a student and had my life totally _(transform)by that experience.transformationtransformedis being transformed3.transform vi.&vt.改变，转变；使改变改变，转变；使改变根据括号内的汉语提示，完成下面句子(
11、1)Well,youve certainly _(改变了这个村子)it looks great!(2)In several decades,my hometown has been _(变成了)a major industrial city.(3)Its said that the shape of such a toy _(是可变形的).(4)His attitude to life has gone through a(n)_(改变).transformed this village transformed intois transformabletransformation 4.proo
12、fn.证据证据;证明证明;检验检验proof of.的证据/证明 proof of identity 身份证明have some proof that.有一些证据proof of purchase 购买凭证provide/give proof 提供证据be living proof of sth./that.(用行动或品格)证明-属实1.It was correct,but he still needed proof.2.He is living proof that not all engineers are boring.(活生生的证明-)4.proofn.证据证据;证明证明;检验检验(1
13、)They say they have scientific proof _ the treatment works.(2)Everyone has an ability to create proof _ their talent,knowledge and skills.(3)Proof _ purchase must _(provide)before a refund can be made.thatofofbe provided 5.multipleadj.数量多的；多种多样的数量多的；多种多样的n倍数倍数multiply A by B A乘以Bmultiple crash 连环撞车m
14、ultiple-choice questions多选题multiple meanings 多个含义multiplication table 乘法表1.We must multiply our efforts to explore the future and seek truths.2.What do you get if you multiply six by nine?3.These creatures can multiply quickly.5.multipleadj.数量多的；多种多样的数量多的；多种多样的n倍数倍数(1)The director won _(multiply)awa
15、rds for the movie.(2)10 is a multiple _5.(3)If you multiply 7 _3,you will get 21.(4)Joy _(multiply)when it is _(share)among friends.multipleofbymultiplies shared6.break out(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始突然开始爆发爆发break in 强行进入；打断 break through 突破；冲破break up 破碎；解散；分手 break off 断开；中断；停顿break away from 逃脱
16、；脱离 break down 出故障；垮掉break into 强行闯入；突然开始 (1)He _my house and stole my money.(2)The meeting _at eleven oclock.(3)He decided to break _ from home after graduation.broke intobroke upaway 7.assistantn.助理，助手助理，助手assist sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事assist sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事assist sb.in doing sth.帮助某人做某事我经常帮助我的父母
17、做家务1.I always assist my parents to do the housework.2.I always assist my parents in doing the housework.(1)Denis worked as an _(assist)at a bookstore during the summer holidays.assistant 8.initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的最初的；开始的；第一的 n(姓姓名的名的)首字母首字母the initial stage/phase/period 最初阶段the initial stages of the
18、disease 疾病的早期阶段my initial reaction 我最初的反应1.After the initial cheers,the noise of the crowd began to die away as the band started playing.(1)My _(initially)reaction was to refuse.(2)George Bernard Shaw was well known by his _(initial)GBS.(3)She came _(initial)to spend a few days,but in the end she st
19、ayed for a whole month.initialinitialsinitially 9.gifted adj.有天赋的，有天才的，天资聪慧的有天赋的，有天才的，天资聪慧的be gifted in/at 在方面有天赋/才华be gifted with 具有天赋have a gift/talent for 有天赋show a talent for 显示出天赋be talented in/at 在方面有天赋(1)Catherine is a _(gift)teacher and never talks down to her students.(2)Man is the only cre
20、ature that is gifted _ speech.giftedwith 10.above all最重要的是最重要的是;尤其尤其after all 毕竟;终究all in all 整体说来;总而言之in all 全部;合计at all (否定句)一点也不;(疑问句)到底;究竟1.How many students are there in your school in all?2.He is not concerned with the difficulties of the factory at all.3.He is hardworking,cheerful,and above a
21、ll honest.4.Old Mr Smith was beloved by all,and above all by the children.11.castvt.投射投射(光、影子等光、影子等)；向；向投以投以(视线、笑视线、笑容等容等)；投掷；投掷 n投，掷，抛投，掷，抛(钓线钓线)；(一出戏一出戏剧或一部电影的剧或一部电影的)全体演员全体演员cast a shadow over/on sth.投下一片阴影，给蒙上阴影be cast down(by sth.)(因某事)沮丧，不愉快cast back(to)回想；追溯1.He didnt want to cast a shadow on their happiness.(1)The moon _(cast)bright light over the garden when I saw through the window.(2)You may remember if you cast _ for a few days.(3)Anyone would _(cast)down by such news as that.castbackbe cast
