1、UNIT 3 THE INTERNETSection Discovering Useful Structures1.Goodbye Goodbye to you my trusted friend Weve known each other since we were nine or ten.2.Ive never felt so much love before.3.Look at how far youve come.Baby,you have done enough.4.I have loved you for a thousand years.5.Ive got the strange
2、st feeling This isnt our first time around(2)ReviewWeve known each other since we were nine or ten.人教版 必修第二册现在完成时的被动语态自主探究观察下面两组句子,体会现在完成时的被动语态的用法。Group AWe have finished the homework.我们已经完成了家庭作业。Many visitors have visited the Great Wall.许多游客参观过长城。Mike has seen two films since last month.从上个月以来,迈克已经
3、看了两部电影。The Russian government has turned these palaces into museums.俄罗斯政府已经把这些宫殿变成了博物馆。人教版 必修第二册Group BThe homework has been finished by us.家庭作业已经被我们完成了。The Great Wall has been visited by many visitors.长城被许多游客参观过。Two films have been seen by Mike since last month.从上个月以来,两部电影被迈克看过了。These palaces have
4、been turned into museums by the Russian government.这些宫殿已经被俄罗斯政府变成了博物馆。我的发现 通过观察以上句子,我们发现这两组句子都使用了现在完成时态,其中A组句子强调动作的执行者,是（1）_语态,结构为“（2）_+过去分词”;B组句子强调动作的承受者,是（3）_语态,结构为“（4）_+过去分词”。现在完成时的被动语态表示被动的动作在说话以前已经完成,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。主动have/has被动have/has been人教版 必修第二册探究点1 现在完成时的被动语态的结构1.肯定句：主语+have/has+been+过
5、去分词+其他The streets are clear,and many homes have been rebuilt.街道是整洁的,许多房屋已经被重建。The books have been borrowed by the teacher.这些书已经被这位老师借走了。So far the novel has been translated into five languages.到目前为止,这部小说已被翻译成五种语言（版本）。2.否定句：主语+have/has+not+been+过去分词+其他The bike hasnt been repaired yet.这辆自行车还没有被修理。She
6、hasnt been heard from since then.从那以后就没有听到她的消息了。人教版 必修第二册3.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+been+过去分词+其他？Have these clothes been washed?这些衣服洗过了吗？Yes,they have.是的,洗过了。Has our dinner been cooked？我们的晚餐做好了吗？No,it hasnt.不,还没有。4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been+过去分词+其他？How long has your computer been used?你的电脑用多久了？How many
7、new words have been learned by the students？这些学生已经学会了多少新单词？人教版 必修第二册探究点2 使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题1.注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候,其结果对现在没有影响;而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去,但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。The house was built last year.这房子是去年建造的。（侧重动作发生在过去）The house has been built.这房子已经建好了。（侧重现在有房子供使用）人教版 必
8、修第二册2.副词的位置often、usually、always、never、hardly、seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。误Such a man has been hardly believed.正Such a man has hardly been believed.3.并不是所有动词（短语）都有被动语态。happen、take place、break out、belong to、cost、last等不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态误Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.正Great changes
9、 have taken place in China since 1978.人教版 必修第二册4.open、break、drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态误The door has been opened of itself.正The door has opened of itself.5.动词短语的现在完成时的被动语态中,不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词误The patients have been taken good care.正The patients have been taken good care of.1.Much has been written about the wo
10、nders of the World Wide Web.问题导学问题导学1(1)Observe the following sentences,and try to find something in common from these sentences.2.Peoples lives have been changed by online communities and social networks.问题导学问题导学1(3)3.Many people have been helped by the club.已经被书写已经被书写已经被改变已经被改变have/has been done 已
11、经被做已经被做表示表示“某人某人/某事某事/某物已经被某物已经被”已经被帮助已经被帮助has been written have been changedhave been helped 问题导学问题导学1(1)点拨精讲点拨精讲1(3)Observe the following sentences,and find the differences among“have/has done”and“have/has been done”.have/has donehave/has been done 主语和动作之间是主语和动作之间是主动主动关系关系主语和动作之间是主语和动作之间是被动被动关系关系1
12、.A woman has started a small online company with two friends.1.A small online company has been started by a woman with two friends.2.The internet has made our lives more convenient.2.Our lives has been made more convenient by the Internet.已经开始已经开始已经被开始已经被开始已经使已经使已经被使已经被使has started has been startedh
13、as made has been made探索发现探索发现1：(8)1.1.现在完成时的结构现在完成时的结构:主语主语 +have/has have/has+V-V-过去分词过去分词（donedone）2.2.被动语态的结构被动语态的结构:bebe +V-V-过去分词过去分词（donedone）3.现在完成时的被动语态肯定式就是：现在完成时的被动语态肯定式就是：主语主语 +have/hashave/has +beenbeen +V-V-过去分词过去分词been即学即练即学即练1.I have asked her to help you.将下列主动句变为被动句将下列主动句变为被动句2.They
14、have found a good place to build a library in the city.3.We have planted many trees on the hill in the last two years.She has been asked by me to help you.A good place has been found by them to build a library in the city.Many trees have been planted by us on the hill in the last two years.现在完成时主动变被
15、动的解题步骤现在完成时主动变被动的解题步骤1.一一找找：找主动语态的：找主动语态的主语主语、谓语谓语和和宾语宾语2.二二变变：宾宾变变主主，主主变变宾宾3.三三改改：把：把谓语动词谓语动词由由主动主动改为改为被动被动：4.定时定时：Practice more:主动变被动主动变被动 I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer.Someone has lost an identity card.The software has been downloaded to help my phone battery
16、 last longer.An identity card has been lost.点拨精讲点拨精讲2(10)1.The machine has been repaired already.2.The machine is being repaired now.3.The machine was repaired yesterday.说明动作发生在过去说明动作发生在过去,对现在有影响对现在有影响,“现在修好了现在修好了”说明动作正在进行说明动作正在进行只说明动作发生在过去只说明动作发生在过去4.The baby has been taken good care of.4.The baby
17、has been taken good care.Attention:在被动结构在被动结构中中,动词短语的动词短语的介词或副词不可介词或副词不可去掉去掉5.Great changes have been taken place since 1978.5.Great changes have taken place since 1978.Attention:不及物动词或词组无被动：（不及物动词或词组无被动：（happen、take place、break out、belong to、cost、last）课堂小结课堂小结(2)现在现在完成完成时的时的被动被动语态语态含义含义结构结构表示过去发生的被
18、动动作现在已经完表示过去发生的被动动作现在已经完 成或仍将持续成或仍将持续,强调对现在的影响强调对现在的影响have/has been done形式形式肯定式肯定式否定式否定式疑问式疑问式have/has been donehave/has not been doneHave/Has+主语+been done?特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been done?用法用法表示已经完成的被动动作表示已经完成的被动动作表示开始于过去并可能持续下去的被动动作表示开始于过去并可能持续下去的被动动作表表示示某某被动动作对现在造成的影响或结果被动动作对现在造成的影响或结果注意注意事项事项动词短语不可分割
19、也不可省略其中的介词和副词动词短语不可分割也不可省略其中的介词和副词不及物动词或词组无被动不及物动词或词组无被动人教版 必修第二册当堂训练：当堂训练：Writing 假定你是光明中学高一（5）班班长李华，你的美国笔友Peter在互联网上了解到十堰正在创建全国文明城市，他对此非常感兴趣，请你用英语写一封邮件，告诉他十堰创文以来取得的重大变化。人教版 必修第二册We are trying to make our hometown a civilized city.Great changes have taken place in Shiyan.人教版 必修第二册We have planted mo
20、re trees and widened the streets.More trees have been planted and the streets have been widened.人教版 必修第二册We have adopted garbage sorting in every neighborhood.Garbage sorting has been adopted in every neighborhood.beforebeforeafter人教版 必修第二册The outside walls have been painted.New sports equipment has
21、 been fixed.人教版 必修第二册We have built a new bridge to make it more convenient to cross the street.A new bridge has been set up to make it more convenient to cross the street.人教版 必修第二册We have built a new hospital near our school.A new hospital near our school has been built.人教版 必修第二册The walking trails h
22、ave been added along the river,leading people to a healthier life.A new square has been set up to make life more colorful.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Fire extinguishers（灭火器）are located on each floor and in each apartment.Use a fire extinguisher only if you _（train）to do so.have been trained2.More than 100 famous f
23、ilms _（show）in the city since July.have been shown3.Up to now,no conclusion（结论）_（reach）about who the first prize should go to.has been reached4.How many cars _（build）in the factory since 1990?have been built5.Its the first time that the old computer _（check）since I bought it.has been checked6.Great
24、changes _（take）place in my hometown and you can see that a lot of factories _（set）up.have takenhave been set.用被动语态改写下列句子1.The volunteers have planted thousands of trees along the river in the past few days.Thousands of trees_along the river by the volunteers in the past few days.have been planted2.S
25、cientists have made a new robot which can walk and talk like humans.A new robot which can walk and talk like humans_by scientists.has been made3.Dont worry.The doctors have already operated on the injured boy.Dont worry.The injured boy _already _by the doctors.hasbeen operated on4.They look very hap
26、py because they have solved the difficult problems.They look very happy because the difficult problems _by them.have been solved.语篇填空 In our community,there is a large activity room.For the past few years,our community 1._（举行了10多场会议）there.Since 2018,five computers 2._（已被安装）there for the residents.To
27、day,the residents lives 3._（被大大地改变了）by these computers,because some residents 4._（被教）to use the Internet.Although they 5._（没有买）any goods online,their confidence 6._（被激起）by these things.Who can guess what their future life will be like?has hosted more than ten meetingshave been fixedhave been greatly
28、 changedhave been taughthavent boughthas been inspiredIV.选用括号内合适的内容完成下面句子。选用括号内合适的内容完成下面句子。1.The electricity _(is cut off,has been cut off)for two days in our city.2.The children _(were being told,have been told)many times not to go near the lake.3.All the arrangements for the task _(have been compl
29、eted,have completed),and were ready to start.4.Every possible means _(has been used,is used)to reduce air pollution,but the sky is still not clear.5.More patients _(have treated,have been treated)in hospitals this year than last year.has been cut offhave been toldhave been completedhas been usedhave
30、 been treatedV.用括号内所给单词的正确形式完成下面短文。用括号内所给单词的正确形式完成下面短文。At the Oscar night in Hollywood,the Dolby Theater fills up with more than three thousand people from the movie industry and their guests.The Academy Awards 1._(give)out each year in February or March.A few months before the show,people who may b
31、e awarded are announced(通知通知).The awards 2._(present)in twenty-four categories(类别类别):best foreign film,best actor,and best music,to name a few.But the audience is not given the results quickly.In fact,the show often lasts more than two hours.are givenare presentedThis is how it is done today.But whe
32、n the awards ceremony(仪式仪式)started in 1929,only fifteen awards were presented and the ceremony 3._(attend)by only 250 people.Tickets cost$10(about$139 in todays dollars),and anyone who could afford a ticket could attend.Until 1941,the winners names were already known before the ceremony and put in n
33、ewspapers the night before.So there was not much suspense(悬悬念念).But when television 4._(invent)and came into more and more peoples homes,Oscar night started to become the exciting show that it is today.Since 1953,Oscar night 5._(show)all over the world.This show can 6._(see)by millions of people.was attendedwas inventedhas been shownbe seen
