1、名词性从句Unit 5 Working the LandPeriod 4:Grammar 课前候背1.alternative n.可供选择的事物2.shortage n.不足;缺少;短缺3.be comprised of包括;包含;由.组成(或构成)4.vision n.想象；视力；视野5.conventional adj.传统的:习惯的6.intense adj.热切的;十分强烈的;激烈的7.domestic adj.本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭的8.convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服9.assumption n.假定；设定10.reality n.现实;实际情况;事实11.exp
2、and n.vt 扩大；增加12.widespread adj.分布广的;普遍的;广泛的13.in turn相应地;转而;依次;轮流14.essential adj.完全必要的;极其重要的15.devote.to把.用于;:献身;致力;专心1.However,what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.2.How this could be done was a challenging quest
3、ion at the time.3.However,whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of selfpollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.是否有可能开发水稻等自花授粉植物的杂交种是一个争论很大的问题。4.Today,it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybr
4、id strains.5.I think(that)you should study hard.6.He asked me where I had put his book.1黑体部分作主语的为句_；作宾语的为句 。2句1中的what在从句中作_;句2中的how在从句中作_。句5中的that在从句中_;句6中的where在从句中作_。3句3中的whether意为_。4句4中的It是_，真正的主语是_。1;2;3;45;6 主语状语 不作成分 状语 是否 形主 that about(一)主语从句指在句中作主语的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同Whether the sports meet will
5、be held is not certain now.运动会是否将举行现在不能确定。How the book will sell depends on its author.这本书销售如何取决于作者本人。Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference.我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。主从考点1：主从句的谓语动词是单数【典例2】0.2min1.What surprised me most _(be)that the man in rags was a millionaire.2.When and where the football match w
6、ill be held _(decide)already.3.That the coal workers are still alive _(be)a wonder.was has been decided is主从考点2：it作形式主语的4种常用句型1.It 不及物动词的适当形式从句It seemed/happened/turned out that 好像/碰巧/结果E.g.It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.2.Itbe及物动词的过去分词从句It is said(reported/believed/thought/known/.)tha
7、t.E.g.It is said that he has read the novel.3.Itbe名词(词组)从句It is a pity(a shame/an honor/a good thing/a fact/a surprise/.)that.E.g.It is a fact that smoking is a danger to health.吸4.Itbe形容词从句It is clear(obvious/likely/certain/important.)that.E.g.It is necessary that people(should)learn to face the re
8、ality.1.It is possible_he misunderstood what I said.A.that B.what C.what D.that2._I was free yesterday.A.It happened to B.It happened that C.That happened D.It was happened that4.It _(report)that a new film will be put on in the cinema.5.It is necessary that he should_(send)to the boarding school寄宿学
9、校.DBis reportedbe sent主语从句注意5小点1.从句要用陈述语序What we will do next should be decided.2.两主用复，两连用单When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.When and where the movie will be shown is not clear.3.that：不充当成分，无意义，只是连接，不省略whether/if：不充当成分，起连接作用，“是否”不省略That she survived the accident i
10、s a miracle.Whether the plan will be carried out is still unknown.1._ Mike didnt turn up at the meeting yesterday made the chairman of the meeting unhappy.2._the President will attend the party or not is kept a secret.3._was a wellknown fact.A.That their team was weak B.That their team being weakC.T
11、heir team was weak D.If their team was weakThatwhetherA主语从句注意5小点4.连接代词(who,whose,whom,what,which,whichever,whoever,whomever,whatever等)在从句作主、宾或定Whichever(of you)comes in first will receive a prize.Who will go to the concert is not known.Which book they will choose is not clear.注意：who 引导主语从句，意为“谁”，含有疑
12、问的语气；而whoever引导主语从句，意为“任何一个的人”，没有疑问的语气。5.连接副词(when,where,how,why)在从句中作状语。How this happened is not clear to anyone.When we will have a meeting is a question.Where I spend my summer holiday is no business of yours.1._ cars will be parked in the future is a question.2._ we will have a picnic depends on
13、 the weather.3._ part of the country he will travel to needs discussing.4._ they suddenly disappeared remains a mystery now.5._ breaks the window should be fined.6.Everyone knew that Wendy was a famous writer,but _ she came from and _ she was born in 1961 _(be)still a mystery._ they did know was tha
14、t she was loved by people because she always helped those in need.wherewhenwhichwhyWhoeverwherewhetherwereWhat1.作及物动词的宾语Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter.2.作介词的宾语besides that.“除之外”；but that.“若不是”；except that.“除了”；in that“在于；因为”These two areas are similar in that they both have high
15、rainfall in summer.3.动态形容词后形容词后跟宾语从句的用法只限于少数动态形容词，如sure，certain，afraid，confident 等。Im not certain whether the train will arrive on time.（二）宾语从句:在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句称为宾语从句1.Nobody knew _ .A.what he comes B.where he was fromC.that he is from D.when does he come from2.Wendy said she didnt understand _ they w
16、ere so narrowminded,but it didnt matter _others thought of her.She just wanted to do _ she thought was right.I think _ this is where the meaning of life lies.whywhatthatwhatB宾从考点1：形式宾语1.(6123)E.g.We think it possible that you can finish the work today.2.动词(短语)itthat/when/if.常用的动词(短语)有：hate,enjoy,dis
17、like,love,dont mind,feel like,appreciate,take(认为),owe,answer for(承担的后果),count on(期待),depend on(依靠),insist on(坚持主张,坚决要求),see to(确保)等。E.g.I like it when the weather is fine in Autumn.3.动词it介词短语that.常用句型有：depend/rely/count on it that相信.take it for granted that.认为理所当然 keep it in mind that.把记在心里E.g.I too
18、k it for granted that he would help us.(1)6123口诀:6.believe/consider/feel/find/think/make1.it2.adj/n3.从句/to do/doing(2)6it.doing sth.1.We have made _clear that we will learn to deal with various difficult problems.2.People in the west make it a rule _(buy)Christmas presents for their relatives and fr
19、iends.3.我觉得用心学习单词很难_itto buyI feel it difficult to learn words by heart 1.肯定句中用whether或if，否定句和疑问句中用that。I doubt whether/if he can pass the exam.I dont doubt that he can pass the exam.2.宾语从句中用whether不用if的5种情况：与or not连用位于介后位于to do之前discuss后的宾从用whether宾从置于句首时1.We dont know whether Tom will turn up or n
20、ot.2.Everything depends on whether you are for it.3.I dont know whether to believe him.4.Were discussing whether we should group these three companies.5.Whether they can come here on time,we dont know宾从考点2：doubt宾从和whether宾从1.He doubts_she will keep her word and doesnt doubt_ his secret is no longer
21、a secret.2.I doubt _ the gold ring belonging to my mother was stolen by the young man.3.XB125 Recently,our class have had a discussion about_we middle school students should carry smart phones at school whether/ifthatwhetherwhether宾从注意2小点1.特殊情况下时态不变化当主句谓语动词是一般现在时或祈使句时,其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。I wonder how
22、 he makes so much money当宾语从句表达客观事实或规律表达客观事实或规律，其时态应用一般现在时。The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.2.that 不可省略的情况1.由并列连词连接的两个或多个that引导的宾语从句，只有第一个从句中的that可以省去，其余并列宾语从句中的that都要保留。He said(that)he had finished reading the novel and that he would borrow another one.2.that从句中又有其他从句时。3.it作形式宾语代替t
23、hat引导的宾语从句时4.当宾语从句的主语是this,that或者被this,that修饰时5.当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时。【典例一】0.3min1._ it was done was a mystery.2.I dont know _ he likes.3._ John was late for the class has been unexplained.4.We all know _ nothing is more important than health.5.It seemed that I had become _ my parents had wanted me to be
24、.6.is interested in the activity can sign your names.7._ surprises me most is that he is too proud.8.Over thousands of years,they began to depend less on _ could be hunted or gathered from the wild.How/Why what Why thatwhatWhoeverWhatwhat维度一：基础题型练1_ is decided that the meeting will be put off till n
25、ext Monday.2_ we should help up a fallen old person or not remains a heated topic in China.3He asked handwriting was the best.5Have you heard of he said?6_ this happened is not clear to the public.ItWhetherwhosewhatHow/Why维度二：语法与写作1那个孩子想要的只是一个新书包。_ was just a new schoolbag.2你能否成功取决于你努力的程度。_ _ depend
26、s on how hard you work.3我们什么时候去野餐还不知道。_ hasnt been known yet.4吃绿色蔬菜有助于增强体力，这一点已经得到证实。_ has been proved.5她在会上所说的话对公司的发展非常重要。_ is of great importance to the development of the company.What the kid wanted Whether you can succeed or notWhen we will go for a picnicThat eating green vegetables contributes to building up strength What she said at the meeting
