1、 AchievementLearning About LanguageUNIT 1People ofStep1-Revision复习 Task：划出定语从句 指出先行词和关系词分析关系词在从句里面做什么成分lFestivals are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life,and forget about our work for a little while.l Those who are willing to take risks are more likely to take actions.lThe boy whose moth
2、er died in the earthquake was interviewed by a local newspaper.【概括】限制性定语从句是用来对_ 进 行 修 饰 限 定 的 从 句，故 也 称 之 为_的从句；位置关系：_+_关系词代替_，在定语从句中作_(主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等)3先行词（名词或代词)形容词性的先行词定语从句成分先行词关系代词1)A plane is a machine _ can fly.2)The car _ my uncle bought last week was stolen.3)The students _ dont study hard w
3、ill not pass the exam.4)The woman _ you saw in the park is our English teacher.5)_ we all know,he is a successful man.6)They live in a house,whose windows face south.which/that(which/that)who/that(whom/who/that)As关系副词1.当先行词在定语从句中作当先行词在定语从句中作状语状语时，要用关系副词。时，要用关系副词。表时间用表时间用when，表地点用，表地点用where，表原因用，表原因用
4、why引导。引导。1)He will always remember the day when(=on which)his father returned from America.2)The factory where(=in which)his father works is the largest one in this city.3)I dont know the reason why(=for which)he was absent today.As关系代词和关系副词的区别1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together.2.Ill ne
5、ver forget the days _ we spent together.3.I went to the place_ I worked ten years ago.4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago.5.This is the reason _ he was late.6.This is the reason _ he gave.when(which)where(which/that)why(which/that)关系词关系词1.1.关系代词关系代词（主、宾、定）（主、宾、定）2.2.关系副词关系副词（状语）（状语）:when
6、 where whywhen where why1.指人：whowho、whomwhom2.指物:whichwhich3.指人和物：thatthat、whosewhose（定语）4.指某一事件:whichwhich、asas观察观察-思考思考1.意义不同意义不同限制性定语从句用于修饰先行词，不可缺少，否则主句的意思就不完整。非限制性定语从句与主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词作附加或补充性的说明，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然完整、清楚。1.People who take physical exercise regularly live longer.（若把定语从句去掉，句子意义不完整）（限制性定
7、语从句）2.His daughter,who is in Shenzhen now,is coming home next week.(若把定语从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整）（非限制性定语从句）探究发现This medicine,which was called artemisinin,soon became a standard treatment for malaria.Tu Youyou went to Hainan,where malaria was more common,to study malaria patients.You have to get used to a whole
8、 new way of life,which can take up all your concentration in the beginning.Later,the medicine was tested on malaria patients,most of whom recovered.He wanted to know what I thought,which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did.我的发现(1)以上句子皆为 _ 定语从句，从句与主句之
9、间用逗号隔开。(2)非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之中(如句)，前后有_隔开，也可以置于主句之后（如句）。(3)非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是指人或指物的某一名词或名词短语（如句)，也可指代整个 _ 的内容（如句）。非限制性逗号主句要点规则详析1.非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开，是对先行词的附加说明，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。The children,who wanted to have a journey,were disappointed when the journey was cancelled.那些想旅行的孩子，都因旅行的取消而感到失望。That they will g
10、et married,which has not been announced,has spread around.他们要结婚的消息还没有宣布，却已经被传得沸沸扬扬。2.非限制性定语从句的先行词既可为单个的名词或代词，也可为整个句子或其中一部分，且常译成与主句并列的句子。Well graduate in July,when we will be free.(先行词为名词)我们将于七月份毕业，到那时我们就自由了。He often comes to school late,which makes his teacher angry.(关系词指代整个主句的内容)他经常上课迟到，这使得他的老师很生气。
11、限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上_逗号_逗号意义上去掉后句意_去掉后句意_作用上修饰限制可修饰_补充说明可修饰_不完整不完整不用不用用用完整完整先行词先行词或一整个主句或一整个主句先行词先行词DifferenceDifferenceTipsTips：thatthat，whywhy 不能在非限制性定语从句中使用不能在非限制性定语从句中使用指人指人指物指物在定语从句中作的成分在定语从句中作的成分who主语whom宾语which（或指代整个主句）主语宾语whose定语非限制性定语从句中的关系词非限制性定语从句中的关系词指地点指地点指时间指时间在定语从句中的作用在定语
12、从句中的作用where地点状语when时间状语TipsTips：thatthat，whywhy 不能在非限制性定语从句中使用不能在非限制性定语从句中使用关系副词关系副词关系代词关系代词二、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词1.关系代词which指物，在从句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语或表语；who/whom指人，who在从句中作主语，而whom在从句中作宾语；as指代整个主句，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；whose既可指人也可指物，在从句中作定语。He wasnt unconscious,as could be judged from his eyes.他并未失去知觉，这从他的眼神可以判断出来。Mr
13、King,whose legs were badly hurt,was quickly taken to hospital.金先生的腿受了重伤，他很快就被送去医院了。2.关系副词when指代时间，在从句中充当时间状语，可与“介词+which”互换：where指代地点，在从句中充当地点状语，可与“介词+which”互换。We will put off the outing until next Sunday,when/on which we wont be so busy.我们把郊游推迟到下个星期天，那时我们就不Yesterday,they went out to have a picnic i
14、nthe park,where/in which they had a good time.昨天，他们出去在公园里野餐了，在那里他们会那么忙了。名师点津(1)非限制性定语从句可将整个主句作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。()非限制性定语从句中，不用why引导，用for which代替why。He has been busy with his work the whole holiday,which has made his girlfriend unhappy.他一整个假期都忙于工作，这令他的女朋友很不高兴。The reason,for which he was ab
15、sent from themeeting,wasnt given他为何缺席会议，没有给出理由。即时训练2】用恰当的关系词填空(20l9全国卷)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 a.m.to 5 p.m.daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,_ she opened with her late husband Les.(2018天津高考)Kate,_ sister I shared a room with when we were at college,has gone to work in Australia.He,_ you
16、know,is an excellent basketball player.Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature,_,for some reason,had withdrawn from all human society.Opposite is a music school,_ you can hear some lovely musicwhichwhoseaswhowhere三，as与which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别aswhich指代引导从句只能指代整个主句的内容引导从句既可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代主句的一部分位置引导从句可位于主
17、句之前、之中或之后引导从句只能位于主句之后意义正如；正像这一点；这件事功能连接上下文，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句As we all know,the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。The singer,as was expected,achieved a great success.正如所期盼的，这位歌手取得了巨大成功Catherine will attend a friends wedding,which she is busy preparing for now.凯瑟琳将参加一个朋
18、友的婚礼，现在她正在为此做准备。即时训练3选词填空(as/which)(2017浙江高考)The best part of the process is that theres enough room for improvement,_ means youll just keep getting better and better.There is no simple answer,_is often the case in science.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China,_he remembers
19、 starting as early as his childhood._ we all know,he is a gifted pianist.whichaswhichAsWhen you reached the village,you would first find a house whose windows were made of wood.当你到达那个村庄时，你首先会发现一座有着木窗的房子。They enjoyed beautiful scenery in the mountain area,where they also did some climbing他们在这个山区欣赏到了美景，在那里他们还爬了山。主干图解非限制性定语从句特点引导非限定性定语从句的关系词非限定性定语从句与主句之间用逗号隔开非限定性定语从句的先行词关系代词关系副词as与which引导非限定性定语从句时的区别限制性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别巧学助记定从分类有奥妙，限与非限看逗号；定前必有先行词，名代两类最适宜：定从先行很紧密，代副两词拉关系。
