1、20212021中考专题复习之中考专题复习之定语从句定语从句GuessingWho?What?When?Why?The main character is a lovely boy who is from ancient myth story.It is a film which tells me I am the one who decides.It is a film that was shown in the summer of 2019.It is an animated film which is adapted from Chinese mythology(神话神话).定语从句定语
2、从句Goals(学习目标学习目标)到底是什到底是什么东东么东东究竟长究竟长 啥样啥样解剖开解剖开来看看来看看会怎么考会怎么考This is a touching film.This is a film that is touching.到底是个什么东东？到底是个什么东东？Lets compare!定语定语定语从句定语从句We use a sentence to describe someone or something.We use adjectives to describe someone or something.This is the film which/that I watched
3、 this summer.概念概念:在复合句中在复合句中,修饰某一修饰某一名词名词或或代词代词的从句叫的从句叫定语从句定语从句.定语从句常出现在先行词定语从句常出现在先行词之后之后。先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Lets analyze!拆招定语从句拆招定语从句名词名词代词代词究竟长啥样究竟长啥样the film _ I watched this summer.which 定语定语从句从句 关系代词关系代词Relative pronoun is a part of the defining relative clause.关系代词属于定语从句的一部分关系代词属于定语从句的一部分Dif
4、ining relative clauses usually begin with relative pronouns.定语从句通常以关系代词开头定语从句通常以关系代词开头Lets analyze!关系代词的作用关系代词的作用Lets analyze!How many relative pronouns are there?What are they?关系代词有哪些？关系代词有哪些？What decides relative pronouns?关系代词是由什么关系代词是由什么决定决定的？的？It is a film which/that is shown in the summer of 20
5、19.The main character is a lovely boy who/that is from ancient myth story.The main character is Ne Zha whom I like very much.先行词指先行词指人人：_先行词指先行词指物物：_who，that，whom which，that 132-The noun.or the pronoun was described.先行词先行词关系关系 代词代词代替代替先行词先行词在从句中充当哪些成分在从句中充当哪些成分 who controls what you become.You are t
6、he one Subject 主语主语举例：举例：1.a film that leads to the good fame of the director2.a film which taught us a lot 关系关系 代词代词who,that,which,主语主语1.The boy who we all like is Ne Zha.2.The boy whom we all like is Ne Zha.3.The boy that we all like is Ne Zha.4.The film which I saw this summer is wonderful.5.The
7、film that I saw this summer is wonderful.关系关系 代词代词代替代替先行词先行词在从句中充当哪些成分在从句中充当哪些成分 关系关系 代词代词who(m),that,which,宾语宾语难点难点:关系代词在定语从句中作关系代词在定语从句中作宾语宾语时可时可省略省略，作作主语主语则不可。则不可。1.Did you see the film _I told you?A.whose B./C.who D.what2.Did you see the film _was popular at the moment.A.that B./C.who D.whatBALe
8、ts practice!1.The boy whose name is Ne Zha often plays tricks on others.2.The dragon whose name is Ao Bing is Ne Zhas best friend.（）（）关系关系 代词代词代替代替先行词先行词在从句中充当哪些成分在从句中充当哪些成分 关系关系 代词代词whose定语定语his its-What kind of movies do you prefer?2017潍坊潍坊-I prefer the movies me something to think about.A.which g
9、ive B.that gives C.which gives D.who givesA个人抢答Lets practice!定语从句中谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词定语从句中谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词个人抢答Lets distinguish!宾语从句宾语从句：动词动词+句子句子定语从句定语从句：名词或名词短语名词或名词短语(先行词先行词)+句子句子1.Ao Bing mentioned that he was going to attend Ne Zhas party.Attributive clauses or Object clauses?2.Ao Bing was very surpris
10、ed to hear that Ne Zha was Lingzhu.3.His father is now checking the scene for more clues that may help Ne Zha out of suspicion(摆脱嫌疑摆脱嫌疑).4.Villagers hope that Li Jing will keep an eye on his son Ne Zha.宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句定语从句定语从句宾语从句宾语从句功夫有多深？Life is a gift！Today before you complain about the taste of
11、food,think of someone who has nothing to eat.Before you complain about your old clothes,think of the people who dont have enough clothes to wear.Before you complain about too much homework,think of the children in the poor areas who even have no chances of going to school.And when you are tired,thin
12、k of our parents who are working hard in the fields or in the factories.So enjoy our life,enjoy everything that we have！关系代词关系代词？who,whom,that,whose 先行词先行词 人人 定语定语主语主语who,that 宾语宾语who,whom,that whose Draw a conclusion先行词先行词 物物 which,that,whose 主语主语which,that 宾语宾语which,that 定语定语whose 根据汉语完成句子：1.This
13、is the engineer_ (给我们作关于计算机报告的)the other day.2.My necklace is not _(唯一不见的东西）3.The man_(在这间房子里工作的)is a chemist.4.The old building_(我们住的)has been here for 30 years.5.The history book _(封皮是黄的）was lost.6.Her is the pen _(你昨天丢失的）7.This is the best book_(我读过的）8.I have lost the pen_（我父亲给我买的）9.Wheat is a pl
14、ant _（中国北方 种植的）10.I dont like the people_(说得多可 做得少的）who gave us a talk about computersthe only thing thats missingwho works in the room(that/which)we live inwhose cover is yellow(that)you lost yesterday.(that)I have read(which/that)my father bought me which/that is grown in the north of Chinawho tal
15、k too much but do littleDefining relative clausesDefining relative clausesPart TwoPart TwoDear mother,Thank you for loving me.I cant find any word that can describe your love.Mothers Day is coming soon.But I dont know what I can do for you.Im busy with the things that every American cares about.So I
16、ve decided to write you a letter.It seems I never write to you before.This is the only thing that I can think of.Thank you for teaching me about right and wrong.Thank you for the happiest time that you have spent with me.Thank you for the first story that youve told to me.Thank you for understanding
17、 the people and speeches that come to you.I will always love you,mama!Obama123564thatthatthatthatthatLets analyze!啥时只能用啥时只能用that？I cant find any word that can describe your love.当先行词指当先行词指物物:anything,everything,nothing,all,few,none,some little等不定代词或被等不定代词或被 every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代词等代
18、词修饰时，只能用修饰时，只能用that.132There is little that I can do for you?All that can be done has been done.Lets analyze!Someone who is feeling sad may say“Im feeling blue”当先行词是指当先行词是指人人的不定代词的不定代词:everyone,everybody,anyone，anybody,someone,somebody,those,一般用一般用who而不用而不用that132Those who laugh last laugh best.Anyb
19、ody who wants to join us,please call me.One who has nothing to fear oneself dares to tell the truth.4Translation：真正的朋友会接受你的过去，力挺你的现在，真正的朋友会接受你的过去，力挺你的现在，鼓舞你的将来。鼓舞你的将来。A true friend is someone who accepts your past,supports your present and encourages your future.Lets analyze!啥时只能用啥时只能用that？You are t
20、he only person that I want to spend the rest life with.当先行词被当先行词被the very,the only,the same,the last等词等词修饰时，修饰时，关系代词只能用关系代词只能用that.132This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.He is the same person that I just saw.4You are the last person that I want to work with.Lets analyze!啥时只能用啥时只能用that？Tha
21、nk you for the happiest time that you have spent with me.当先行词被当先行词被形容词最高级形容词最高级或或序数词序数词修饰时，修饰时，关系代词只能用关系代词只能用that.132This isthebestfilm thatIhaveeverseen.Thank you for the first story that youve told me.Lets analyze!Thank you for understanding the people and speeches that come to you.当先行词既指当先行词既指人人又
22、指又指物物时，关系代词只能用时，关系代词只能用that.132I still remember the college and the teachers thatI visited in London years ago.(安徽中考安徽中考)I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I see.啥时只能用啥时只能用that？Lets analyze!当先行词前有疑问代词当先行词前有疑问代词 who或或which时时,关系代词只能用关系代词只能用that.132WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?Wh
23、ich is the bike that you lost?Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?啥时只能用啥时只能用that？只能用只能用that的特殊情况的特殊情况Lets analyze!132啥时啥时不不能用能用that？We depend on the land from _ we get our food.The man to _ I talked is Mr Li.4关系代词前有关系代词前有介词，介词，只能只能which/who(m),不能用不能用that.whichwhomThe tree,that is 400 ye
24、ars old,is very famous here.The tree,which is 400 years old,is very famous here.在引导在引导非限定性非限定性定语从句时定语从句时(定语从句前有定语从句前有逗号逗号)关系代词不能用关系代词不能用that.区别一：先行词区别一：先行词区别二：引导词区别二：引导词区别三：逗号区别三：逗号Exercise There are only 180 days left.I want to say something to you.I still remember the day when I first came to your
25、 class.Thank you for the happiest time that you spent with me.I cant find any word that can describe my love to you.I hope everyone of you can enter your ideal Senior High School 180Defining relative clausesDefining relative clausesPart ThreePart Threewhen在从句中作在从句中作状语状语,表示表示时间时间(year/day/time/)132I
26、still remember the day _ I first came to CCBS.This is the school _ I studied two years ago.Do you want to know the reason _I came here?whenwherewhywhere在从句中作在从句中作状语状语,表示表示地点地点(place/school/room/town)why在从句中作在从句中作状语状语,表示表示原因原因(reason)关系副词关系副词傻傻分不清傻傻分不清1)where引导地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。引导地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。Maanshan
27、 is the city _I was born.=Maanshan is the city_I was born in.=Maanshan is the city_I was born.wherewhichin which2）when引导时间引导时间,在定语从句中作时间状语在定语从句中作时间状语。I still remember the day_I first came to CCBS.I still remember the day _I first came to CCBS.关系副词关系副词=介词介词+关系代词关系代词whenon which3）why引导原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，一
28、般跟在引导原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，一般跟在reason后。后。Do you want to know the reason_I came here?Do you want to know the reason_ I came here?whyfor which先行词先行词 关系词关系词介词介词+which时间时间whenat/in/on/during.+which地点地点wherein/at/on/from.+which原因原因whyfor+which关系代词关系代词 oror 关系副词关系副词分析从句成分分析从句成分(先行词在从句中作先行词在从句中作主主、定定、宾语宾语时，选择时，选择
29、关系代词关系代词)缺缺状语状语，且先行词在从句中作，且先行词在从句中作状语状语,应选择应选择关系副词。关系副词。whichwhich oror where/when/why where/when/why辨析辨析在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语 /主语主语 /宾语宾语 1.This is the museum _ my mother worked 10 years ago.(worked in the museum 地点状语地点状语)This is the museum _ was built in 1950.(the museum was build)(museum 主语主语)wherew
30、hichwhichwhich oror where/when/why where/when/why辨析辨析在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语 /主语主语 /宾语宾语2.July 1,1921 was the day _ our Party was founded.(our Party was founded on the day 作状语作状语)July 1,1921 was the day _ we will not forget.(we will never forget the day作宾语作宾语)whenwhichwhichwhich oror where/when/why where
31、/when/why辨析辨析在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语 /主语主语 /宾语宾语3.I remember the days _ I lived in my home town.(I lived in my home town during the days 作状语作状语)I remember the days _ I spent with my grandpa.(I spent the days with.the days作宾语作宾语)whenwhichwhichwhich oror where/when/why where/when/why辨析辨析在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语
32、/主语主语 /宾语宾语4.The house _ were going to visit was built a century ago.(visit the house)The house _ used to be a temple is a school now.(the house used to be a temple)The house _ he used to live was flooded.(he used to live in the house)(which,that,/)(which/that)where whichwhich oror where/when/why wh
33、ere/when/why辨析辨析在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语 /主语主语 /宾语宾语5.A bookstore is a place_ you can get books.(you can get the books in the place)A bookstore is a place_ books are sold.(books are sold in the place)A bookstore is a place _ sell books.(the place sells books)where where (which/that)whichwhich oror where/w
34、hen/why where/when/why辨析辨析在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语 /主语主语 /宾语宾语6.I cant find the card _ I wrote your address.(I wrote your address on the card)I cant find the card _ _ I wrote your address.7.The box _ he put his photos is gone.(he put his photo into the box)The box _ he is carrying is heavy.(he is carrying
35、 the box)where onwhichwhere(which/that)whichwhich oror where/when/why where/when/why辨析辨析在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语 /主语主语 /宾语宾语(which/that)where 8.The hotel _ we stayed during our holiday stands by the seaside.(we stayed in the hotel)The hotel _ stands by the seaside is quite comfortable.(the hotel stands by
36、 the seaside)whichwhich oror where/when/why where/when/why辨析辨析在定语从句中在定语从句中作状语作状语 /主语主语 /宾语宾语9.The reason _ he did it is not clear.(he did it for.reason 作状语作状语)The reason_ he gave to the teacher is unbelievable.(he gave the reason(宾语宾语)to the teacher)why which：1.where 的用法：的用法：(先行词应是地点名词）先行词应是地点名词）The
37、 hotel wasnt clean.+We stayed =The hotel _ we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel _ we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel _ we stayed at wasnt clean.The hotel _ we stayed at wasnt clean.关系副词的用法关系副词的用法at the hotel.there.共有五个共有五个不同的句不同的句子来表达子来表达。whereat whichwhich/例句示范：例句示范：杰克来自加拿大，杰克来自加拿大，他在我们学校已经学习了他在我们学校已经学习了3年
38、年,他不仅经常他不仅经常 帮助我们学英语，帮助我们学英语，而且中文也讲的很不错。而且中文也讲的很不错。Jack is from Canada.He has studied in our school for three years.He often helps us learn English.He speaks Chinese very well.Jack comes from Canada.He is a student of our school where he has studied for 3 years.He not only often helps us learn English but also speaks Chinese very well.Jack is a student of our school,who comes from Canada.He has studied in our school for three years.He not only often helps us learn English but also speaks Chinese very well.HomeworkDo more exercises about defining relative clauses.
