1、普学明理 汇善明志Vocabulary1.take off take构成的其他短语：take down写下；拆除 take on呈现；雇用；承担（责任）take up 占据（时间/空间）；开始从事；养成的爱好/消遣 take over接管;夺取；占领；占上风 take in 吸入；理解；欺骗 take apart 拆开，拆卸练习：The writer is famous now,but his career really only _ after his many years hard work.took off 2.have/get/gain access to.拥有的机会；可以接近进入(t
2、o为介词）give(sb.)access to.准许（某人）使用或见到（to为介词）access to+n.（to为介词）通往的路英语中有不少像access，solution，key，approach（方法）这样的名词，它们常与介词to连用；这些名词与介词to的搭配常作为命题的重点，要注意识记。练习：It will provide you with access _ University facilities such as University Libraries,the Sports Centre,and Computing Services.to2.have/get/gain acces
3、s to.拥有的机会；可以接近进入(to为介词）give(sb.)access to.准许（某人）使用或见到（to为介词）access to+n.（to为介词）通往的路英语中有不少像access，solution，key，approach（方法）这样的名词，它们常与介词to连用；这些名词与介词to的搭配常作为命题的重点，要注意识记。练习：It will provide you with access _ University facilities such as University Libraries,the Sports Centre,and Computing Services.to相关
4、词语积累：accessible adj 可接近的，可进入的，可使用的可接近的，可进入的，可使用的(通常作表语通常作表语)be accessible to sb 能为某人接近或使用能为某人接近或使用3.extent n.程度，限度；范围程度，限度；范围 to.extent 到到.程度程度 在在.程度上程度上 to some extent/to an extent=to some degree 从某种程度上；在一定程度上从某种程度上；在一定程度上 to a large/great extent 在很大程度上在很大程度上 Reading is for sure learning,but applyi
5、ng is also learning to a greater extent.读书当然是学习，但运用在更大程度上也是学习 to such an extent that/to the extent that=so much that 达到如此程度；达到如此程度；达到达到的程度的程度1.The 24 Solar Terms reflect_(在某种程度上)the climate of China in ancient times.2.Forest fires can affect climate and weather_(在很大程度上)，besides causing severe damage
6、 to valuable trees.3.The pollution of the rainforest has affected wildlife_(达到如此程度)many species are in danger of extinction.to some extent/to to a great/large extentto such an extent that 4.bring up (1)使（文件，图片等）显示在计算机屏幕上，调出Can you bring up the list of winners again?(2)抚养，养育，教养Her parents died when s
7、he was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.(3)提出（讨论等）The manager brought up a new plan at the meeting.bring构成的短语：bring in:引入 赚得bring out:使显现，使变现出;生产，出版bring back:把.送回，使想起，恢复bring about:导致 引起 用bring的相关短语完成句子1.(天津5月高考单项填空)The company is willing to _the new teachnology if it can be shown to reduc
8、e production costs.2.Nearly all educators believe that a challenging situation can ofen_the best in a person.3.I dont clearly remenber who_the question,but I clearly remember it_ a heated.bring in bring outbrought upbroungt about 5.majority（1）the majority 单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可；强调整体时用单数形式，强调个体时用复数形式。
9、the majority is/are（2）“a/the majority of+可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“a/the majority+集体名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可。A/The majorty of college students like shopping online,as they feel it is cheap and convenient.Generally speaking,a/the majority of the old people find/finds it hard to get used to the life in a n
10、ew place.相关词语积累：major adj.大的，主要的 vi.主修（in）n.主修课程majority n 大多数 大部分反义minor adj 较小的 次要的 vi 辅修n.辅修课程反义minority n 少数，少数派 少数民族a minority of 少数be in a/the minority 占少数minority languages 少数民族语言6.deliver vt.递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出；递送，传送；发表，宣布；交出；分娩分娩 deliver sth.to 把把送到送到 have food delivered to you 把食物送到你面前 deliver
11、papers 送报纸 deliver a speech 作报告；发表演说作报告；发表演说 deliver a judgment 做出判决 deliver sb.from danger 使某人摆脱危险 deliver a baby 生孩子 n.delivery n 递送递送 投递投递 交付交付 演讲方式演讲方式 分娩分娩 food delivery 外卖Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise bu
12、ildings.7.arrangement n 安排，筹备；商定，约定make arrangements(for.)(为)筹备come to/arrive at an arrangement 达成协议arrange vi.&vt.安排，筹备 vt.整理，布置arrange for sth.安排某事 arrange to do sth.安排做某事arrange for sb.to do sth.安排某人做某事（注意介词for不可省略）The two countries over the peace and develpoment.If you loosefor your study,it may
13、 be hard for you to make progress.语法填空1.That accident totally upset our _(arrange)and caused a lot of problems.2.The manager arranged_Miss Green to pick up a foreign guest at the airport.3.I arranged _(meet)Jane at 8:00 last night but she didnt turn up.4.The big party_(arrange)for exchange students
14、is going to be held tomorrow.arrangementsforto meetarranged 8.cash n.【U】现金；金钱，资金 in cash 用现金，有现金 pay in cash 用现金支付 be short of cash 缺钱9.establish 建立 创立 设立；使.得到认可；证实，确定establish contact/relations with.与建立联系关系establish sb./sth./yourself(as.)使某人某物自己确立（）的地位establishment n.确立；建立 established adj.已确立的；公认的练
15、习：He left his library and half of his estate(个人财产)to the organization,which was the biggest donation ever since its _(establish).establishment 10.instant adj.立即的，立刻的；方便的;速食的；n.瞬间，片刻；某一时刻 We cant promise instant solutions,but we can promise to listen carefully to opinions.the instant(that).一.就.(引导时间状
16、语从句)an instant message 即时信息 in an instant 立刻，马上 for an instant 一会儿 adv.instantly=immediately 一.就.The boss wants the job done ment n 意见 评论 议论 解释 v 发表意见 评论make comments/a comment on/about.对发表评论make a comment that.发表评论称comment on/upon.评论comment that.评论称练习：The professor,who was opposed(反对)to the project
17、,made a comment _ the report.1.It is impolite to make mean comments on a persons appearance.2.John commented that the we essays were rather similar.on/about语法填空1.So fat no one has commented_his travel plan,but some have given tips.2.Finally,my thanks go to my tutor,who hsa offered a lot of suggestio
18、ns and comments_my paper and polished every page of my draft.on/uponon/about12.aware adj 知道，意识到；发觉；有.意识的be/become/feel aware of.意识到发觉make sb.aware of.使某人知道意识到be/become/feel aware that.知道意识到as far as Im aware(=as far as I know)据我所知unaware adj.不知道，未察觉be/become unaware of.不知道，没意识到awareness n.意识，知道raise
19、/increase(ones)awareness of.加强增强（某人）对的意识练习：The fact that so many people still smoke in public places suggests that we may need a nationwide campaign(运动)to raise _(aware)of the risks of smoking.awareness13.belong to 意为“属于，归.所有；是.的成员”to 是介词无被动语态和进行时态 My daughter belongs to the debate team of her schoo
20、l Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future belongs to the creative.相关词语积累：belong vi 应在（某处）It is a good habit to lay things where they belong.belonging n 归属a sense of belonging 归属感When I was back to China,I felt a strong sense of belonging.belingings n 所有无 财产Having sold most of h
21、is belongings,he almost had noting left in the house.14.set up 创建，建立；搭起，安装;创建，建立，开办；set up a company 开办公司 set up the equipment 安装设备 set up=put up a tent 搭建帐篷 set out 出发，动身；开始，着手 set out to do=set about doing 开始着手做 set aside 把放在一边；留出；暂不考虑 set off 动身，出发 set down 记下，写下 put up 举起；搭建；张贴；投宿，留宿 build up 逐步
22、增加；累计 make up 编造；组成；化妆；铺床；弥补；和解15.request vt.要求，请求；n.要求，请求；要求的事 make a request for 要求得到 by request 按照要求 request sb.to so sth.要求某人做某事 request that sb.(should)do 从句谓语用 should动词原形 should可以省略 request sth.from sb.向某人索要某物 You will sound more polite if you make a request in the form of a question.1.He came
23、 to attend the party_the request of his friends.2.All the students are requested_(wear)the uniform on weekdays in school.3 You can talk to the robot,ask it questions,and make a request_help.4.We should consider the srudents request that the school libarary_(provide)more books on popular science.atto
24、 wearfor(should)provide16.entertainment n 娱乐活动，文娱节目，娱乐，招待，款待 The school brass band will provide music for entertainment.相关词语积累：entertain vi/vt 招待，款待；娱乐，使快乐 entertain sb to/with sth 用某物招待/款待某人 entertain sb with sth 用某物使某人快乐 entertainment n 娱乐，招待，款待；娱乐活动，文娱节目 entertaining adj 使人愉快的 有趣的 entertainer n 表
25、演者 艺人语境串记：Bob and Lisa entertained us to dinner last night,duing which Bob tole many jokes for entertainment,making it an entertaining night.练习：1.His performance is very_(entertain),which brings us much pleasure.2.When asked to stay at home and keep social distance,many people entertain themselves_a
26、ll kinds of activities.3.When he came to the sitting room,he found that his father was entertaining the guests_fruits.entertainingwithwith/to17.addict n 对.入迷的人 Gradually,his interest in collecting stamps bexomes a habit and he becomes a stamp addict.相关词语积累：addiction n 隐 嗜好 入迷addictive adj 使人上隐的；使人入迷
27、的addicted adj 对.着迷的，沉迷的，有隐的语境串记：As you know,Tim used to be a video game addict and he was addicted to it for many years.Luckily,he managed to get rid of his addiction last year.18.quit(quit/quit,quitted,quitted)停止，戒掉 离开（工作职位、学校等）quit(doing)sth 停止（做）某事Doctors are doing research to find out what will
28、happen physically when people quit smoking.quit school 退学quit ones job 辞职quit as.辞去.职务19.appreciate(1)欣赏 赏识 重视You cant really appreciate foreign literature in translation.(2)感激 感谢appreciate(sb/sbs)doing.感激（某人）做.I would appreciate it if.如果.我将不胜感激I would appreciate it if you could give me a bit of goo
29、d advice.写作佳句appreciate后面不能接不定式；不能用于进行时。它表示“感谢”时。常接“事”作宾语。与thank刚好相反。thank sb for sth(因某事而感谢某人)I greatly appreciate your help.Thank you very much for your help.20.cut back on 减少，削减，缩减 其中on是介词。该短语与cut down on 同义 cut构成的其他短语 cut down 砍到（及物）；减少，削减 cut off 停止，中断（供给）；使.与外界隔离 cut in 插嘴，打断（谈话）cut out 裁剪；删除1
30、.The company has no choice but to cut back_staff at the moment.2.All the guests were having a good time at the party,dacing and singing when the electricity was cut_3.The local goverment has begun a project in this city to cut_on the traffic accidents.4.Dont hesitate to cut_the useless information in your passage.5.She kept cutting_on our conversation and we had to stop to listen to her.onoffdown/backoutin
