1、Unit 1 Honesty and responsibilityGrammar and usageOverview of Adverbial clauses目录01状语从句的含义02状语从句的分类01.什么是状语从句？状语从句在复合句担任状语从句在复合句担任状语的句子。状语的句子。02.状语从句的分类1.一般可分为2.状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词1.While he was doing his homework,the telephone rang.2.Dont leave the building unless I tell you to.3.He ra
2、n so quickly that I couldnt catch up with him.4.Tom runs faster than John does.5.He studies hard so that he could work better in the future.6.She was standing exactly where you are standing now.7.He didnt come to school because he was ill.8.She treated me as if I were her daughter.9.Wahtever you do,
3、I will support you.时间状语从句时间状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句常用引导词：when,as,while,as soon as,before,after,since,till,until(直到.才)特殊引导词：the minute,the moment,the second,the instant,immediately,directly,every time,the day，连词用法例句when（1）表示某
4、个具体的时间，从句的谓语动词用短暂性动词；也可以表示一段时间，从句的谓语动词用延续性动词。（2）从句表示的动作或状态可与主句表示的动作或状态同时发生，也可以先于主句表示的动作或状态发生。When she comes,I shall tell her to wait for you.while意为“当的时候”，表示持续性的动作或状态，从句的谓语动词用延续性动词，强调主句的动作或状态和从句的动作或状态同时发生或存在。My mother was working while I was doing my homework.as意为“随着”或“一边一边”，从句谓语动词一般为延续性动词，主从句动作同时发生
5、或交替发生。As she grew older she gained in confidence.1.Tell him I need to see him the minute he arrives.2.The instant I saw him,I knew he was the man from the restaurant.3.Immediately you begin to speak,he gives you his full attention.4.My sister came directly she got my message.5.Every time I listen to
6、 your advice,I get into trouble.6.No sooner had I begun to talk than he rang off.1.I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone.A.while B.after C.in case D.the minute2.How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers.A.when B.until
7、 C.before D.since3._ the day went on,the weather got worse.A.With B.Since C.As D.WhileExercise常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever,anywhere,1.She was standing exactly where you are standing now.2.Sit anywhere you like.3.Wherever you go,Ill be right here waiting for you.1.When he reads a book,his habit is to ma
8、ke a mark _ the meaning is unclear to him.A.there B.wherever C.the place D.in whichl常用引导词：because,since,as,for l特殊引导词：seeing that,now that,in that,considering that（考虑到，鉴于）because,since,as,for的区别:because 直接原因，非推断，语气最强。回答why的问题。since 通常放句首，译为“既然”as 不谈自明的原因，语气最弱。for 放句中，引导后半句表原因,或补充推断的理由。1.I do it beca
9、use I like it.2.Since it is raining outside,we shall not go to the park.3.I wont stay long,as you are busy.4.It rained last night,for the ground is wet this morning.并列连词，连接的是并列句,for连接的句子一般位于句末，并且通常用逗号隔开。1.I danced in front of the people _ I liked it.2.Youd better wear strong shoes _ well do a lot of
10、 walking.3._ everybody know about it,I dont want to talk any more.4.He must be ill,_ he is absent today.becauseasSinceforExercisel常用引导词：so that,in order that(目的是，以便)l特殊引导词：以防万一1.Take an umbrella,in case it rains.2.The teacher raised his voice on purpose so that the students in the back could hear mo
11、re clearly.3.In order to take that job,you must have left another job.5 5结果状语从句结果状语从句l常用引导词：so,so that,so thatl特殊引导词：such that,only to1.He got up so early that he caught the first bus.2.The bus broke down so that we had to walk home.3.She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.4.He got to
12、the station finally,only to find the train had left.常用引导词：if,unless特殊引导词：as/so long as,once(一旦)，providing/providing that/provided that(只要),in case(如果),on condition that（只要）1.You can go out to play as long as you stay in the backyard.2.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.3.I told
13、 him he would succeed only if he tried hard.4.You can borrow the car,providing I can have it back by six oclock.5.In case I am late,start without me.1.We will be able to get there on time,_ our car doesnt break down on the road.A.as soon as B.as far as C.as long as D.as well as2.In time of serious a
14、ccidents,_ we know some basic things about first aid,we can save lives.A.whether B.until C.if D.unless3._ you have tried it,you cant imagine how pleasant it is.A.Unless B.Because C.Although D.WhenExercise7 7让步状语从句让步状语从句l常用引导词：though,although,even if,even though,no matter，whatever,whoever,wherever,wh
15、enever,however,whichever,l特殊引导词：as尽管，虽然(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)=although,whetheror（不管还是）whether or not(不管是还是)1.While there was no key evidence,most people thought he was guilty.2.The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.3.No matter how hard he tried,she could not cha
16、nge her mind.4.Whether you like the job or not,you have to do it right now.as引导让步状语从句 as 引导的让步状语从句，必须将从句中的 、以及谓语中的 提前至从句句首，作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需 。表语状语实意词省略Though he works hard,he makes little progress.Hard as/though he works,he makes little progress.Though he was a child,he knew what was the right thi
17、ng to do.Child as/though he was,he knew what was the right thing to do.Though you may object,Ill go.Object as you may,Ill go.1._ He is not perfect,I do actually like the person.A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unless2.The workers are determined to go through with their railway project,_ the expenses have
18、risen.A.as long as B.even though C.now that D.as thoughExercise8 8比较状语从句比较状语从句l引导词：as as,not so/as as,morethan,less than,the more+adj./adv.,the more+adj./adv.1.He is not so/as healthy as his brother.2.They jumped up and down as hard as they could.3.John is less clever than Peter.4.The busier he is,t
19、he happier he feels.1.Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.A.because B.so that C.even if D.as2.If things are left _ they are,the problems will never be settled,Im afraid.A.how B.as C.what D.whereExercise9 9 方式状语从句方式状语从句常用引导词：as(如同，按照的方式),特殊引导词：the way,in the way 1.She behaved as if
20、 she were the boss.2.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.3.Leave the things as they are.4.They did it in the way that I had never seen before.3.3.难点：状语从句的简化难点：状语从句的简化1.The flower his friends gave him will die unless(it is)watered every day.2.Even if(I am)invited,I wont
21、 go there.3.Once(you are)caught sleeping in class,youll be punished by your head-teacher.4.Though(he was)surprised to see us,he gave us a warm welcome.5.She wont speak to anyone unless(she is)asked to.6.When(it is)compared with the old one,our new house is really like a palace.7.These young man volu
22、nteered to go wherever(they are)needed.3.3.难点：状语从句的简化难点：状语从句的简化1、状语从句同时具备下列、状语从句同时具备下列两个两个条件条件:When(the museum is)completed,the museum will be open to the public next year.Hell go to the seaside for his holiday if(it is)possible.3.3.难点：状语从句的简化难点：状语从句的简化2、另外，、另外，比较状语从句经常省略比较状语从句经常省略。Im taller than he
23、(is tall).The higher the temperature(is),the greater the pressure(is).1.The more you read,the better you understand.2.They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time.3.We turned up the radio,so that everyone heard the news.4.She didnt stop working until eleven oc
24、lock.翻译练习1.1.当我进屋时，他正在写信。当我进屋时，他正在写信。2.2.无论你去哪都要遵守法律。无论你去哪都要遵守法律。（obeyobey）3.3.昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班。昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班。(on duty)(on duty)4.4.他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来。他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来。He was writing a letter when I entered the room.Wherever you go,you must obey the law.I came back late yesterday because I was on duty.He
25、 was so excited that he couldnt say a word.Read the A on page 6,and find the sentences with adverbial clauses.Then put these sentences in the appropriate category.Exploring the rulesAdverbial clause of conditionAdverbial clause of time Adverbial clause of placeAdverbial clause of reasonAdverbial cla
26、use of purposeAdverbial clause of resultAdverbial clause of concessionAlthough he spent many years in the UK,.Adverbial clauses can be introduced by:if,unless,as long as,etc.to express(1)_;until,when,while,etc.to express time;where to express place;because,as,since,in that,etc.to express(2)_;so that
27、,in order that,etc.to express(3)_;that with so or such in the main clause to express result;and although,though,even if,etc.to express concession.conditionWorking out the rulesreasonpurposeApplying the rulesB 1Put the words in the correct order to make sentences with adverbial clauses.1.Jake/so that
28、/he/got up early/to exercise/would have time/before class.2.although/they still/edited the photos/looked/she had not/very good3.he/went to work/nothing had happened/as ifJake got up early so that he would have time to exercise before class.Although she had not edited the photos,they still looked ver
29、y good.He went to work as if nothing had happened.4.she was/liked her/her teacher/because/so hard-working.5.I/do not tell me/when/people/get very upset/the truth.6.if/you are/be/they will/nice to other people/nice to you.Her teacher liked her because she was so hard-working.I get very upset when peo
30、ple do not tell me the truth.If you are nice to other people,they will be nice to you.cebfal 肩负沉重的责任肩负沉重的责任l 全身心投入做某事全身心投入做某事l 践行社会主义核心价值观践行社会主义核心价值观 l 攻读博士学位攻读博士学位 l 辞职辞职 l 被任命为首席科学家被任命为首席科学家 l 地球深部勘探项目地球深部勘探项目 Useful Expressionsl 争分夺秒争分夺秒 l 夜以继日夜以继日 l 选择红眼航班选择红眼航班 l 罹患癌症罹患癌症 l 做出巨大贡献做出巨大贡献l 和世界最优秀的一起和世界最优秀的一起 Useful Expressions
