1、Unit 1Unit 1Looking forwardsReview and consolidate the common tenses of verbs.Learn and master the expression of choice and decision,and be able to use it flexibly in real life.Learn how to ask questions politely and explain reasons,and be able to use relevant expressions in real life.We usually use
2、 present tense verb forms to talk about states,events or actions that happen or are happening in the present time.We usually use past tense verb forms to talk about past time,to describe events,states or actions that have finished.Tenses refer to different forms of a verb or verb phrase.We use diffe
3、rent tenses to talk or write about different times.There is no future tense form of verbs in English.We refer to future time in several different ways for different functions,for example,using the present tense or be going to or will.We can also use past tense forms to refer to present time,for exam
4、ple,for reasons of politeness or indirectness(I was wondering if you wanted a drink)and present tense forms to refer to,for example,for dramatic effect.The tense of a verb shows the time of an event or action.Look at the sentences from the reading passage.Decide which tense each is in and match the
5、tenses to what they describe.a For many of us,its something we already have experienced.b What will we be doing in ten years time?c He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.d the young Arthur Conan Doyle,born in Scotland in 1859,had originally worked as a doctor.e Doyle wrote some o
6、f his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London.f but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century.1 An action completed in the past before another past action.2 An action or event taking place over a particular period in the fu
7、ture.3 An action that happened in a period of time up to the present.da For many of us,its something we already have experienced.b What will we be doing in ten years time?c He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.d the young Arthur Conan Doyle,born in Scotland in 1859,had originall
8、y worked as a doctor.e Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London.f but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century.ba4 An action that started in the past and may still be going on or have just stopped.5
9、An intended future action or event as seen from the past.6 An on-going situation at or around a particular time in the past.fcea For many of us,its something we already have experienced.b What will we be doing in ten years time?c He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.d the young
10、Arthur Conan Doyle,born in Scotland in 1859,had originally worked as a doctor.e Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London.f but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century.Now answer the questions.1 What
11、 other tenses have you learnt?Find examples in the reading passage.2 What do these tenses describe?Present simple tenseThe next,our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worryingPast simpleThe American author,Ernest Hemingway,born in 1899,was from early boyhoodPresent continuous tens
12、eOne moment,we are lying comfortably in bedSimple future tenseWill we get into the school of our choice?Present simpleWe use present simple tense to describe:General truths and facts Regular and habitual events Timetables and plans Instructions and directions Stories and commentaries Immediate react
13、ions I promise,I swear,I agree(speech act verbs)past simpleWe use past simple tense to describe:We use the past simple to talk about definite time in the past(often we specify when something happened,e.g.yesterday,three weeks ago,last year,when I was young):definite time in the past Single or habitu
14、al events or states When we use the past simple to refer to habitual events,the meaning is similar to used to.Present continuous tenseWe use present continuous tense to describe:Events at the time of speaking Temporary states Repeated temporary events Change Regular unplanned events Plans and arrang
15、ementsSimple future tense will and shallWe use simple future tense will and shall to describe:Predictions Decisions and offers时态时态构成构成用法用法例句例句一般一般现在现在时时do/does 经常发生的动作或经常发生的动作或存在的状态。存在的状态。按计划、规定要发按计划、规定要发生的动作生的动作 客观存在或普遍真客观存在或普遍真理。理。Jim is often late for school.I go to school every day.He is a law s
16、tudent.Mary knows several languages.The sun rises in the east.It snows in winter.时态时态构成构成用法用法例句例句一般一般过去过去时时did过去发生的过去发生的动作或存在动作或存在的状态。的状态。Tom suddenly fell ill yesterday.They had a baby last month.They left for America in 1989.现在现在进行进行时时am/is/are doing现在正在进现在正在进行的动作。行的动作。What are you doing now,John?
17、George is writing a book these days.时态时态构成构成用法用法例句例句一般一般将来将来时时will/shall do将来要发生的动作将来要发生的动作或存在的状态、未或存在的状态、未来习惯性的动作、来习惯性的动作、提出请求、作出允提出请求、作出允诺、表示同意等。诺、表示同意等。Will you be free tomorrow?What shall we do this weekend?Its going to rain soon.过去过去进行进行时时was/were doing过去某一时间正在过去某一时间正在进行的动作。进行的动作。I was sleeping
18、 at 8:00 yesterday evening.David was having dinner when I called him.时时态态构成构成用法用法例句例句现现在在完完成成时时have/has done 说话时已经完说话时已经完成的动作，而成的动作，而且这个动作的且这个动作的结果对现在仍结果对现在仍有影响。有影响。动作发生在过动作发生在过去，但一直持去，但一直持续到现在，并续到现在，并且有可能继续且有可能继续持续下去。持续下去。Jane has already rung me up three times this morning.Have you ever talked wit
19、h him about it?Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past 20 years.I havent seen my sister for ages.Has he written since he left home?How long has he been ill?时态时态构成构成用法用法例句例句过去过去完成完成时时had done在过去某一时刻或动在过去某一时刻或动作之前已完成的动作：作之前已完成的动作：过去的过去。过去的过去。By the end of last term,we had learned mor
20、e than 3,000 English words.Mary had already gone to work when I rang her up this morning.时态时态构成构成用法用法例句例句现在现在完成完成进行进行时时have/has been doing过去某时开始一直延过去某时开始一直延续到现在续到现在(这个动作可这个动作可能刚停止能刚停止,也可能还在也可能还在进行进行),不少情况下表不少情况下表示与现在状态有联系示与现在状态有联系,有时表示动作的重复有时表示动作的重复等。等。Where have you been?We have been looking for yo
21、u everywhere.The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.时态时态构成构成用法用法例句例句过去过去将来将来时时would/should do在过去将来的某一时间在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或存在的状发生的动作或存在的状态。常用在间接引语中，态。常用在间接引语中，主句谓语动词为过去时主句谓语动词为过去时态。态。I asked if he would come and repair my TV set.They were sure that they would succeed.1.一般过去时与现在完成时一般过去
22、时与现在完成时 一般过去一般过去时：时：过过去的动作或状态，不涉及对现在的影响；去的动作或状态，不涉及对现在的影响；现在完成现在完成时时：过过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态对现在造成去发生的某一动作或存在的状态对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的状况。的影响或结果，强调的是现在的状况。e.g.We talked for hours on the phone.The ship has sailed for two weeks.一般过去一般过去时：时：和和表示过去的时间状语连用；表示过去的时间状语连用；现在完成现在完成时：时：常常和包和包括现括现在时在时刻在刻在内的内的时间状语时间状语或笼统地表或
23、笼统地表示过去的时间状语连用。示过去的时间状语连用。e.g.The flight lasted ten hours and we landed at 6:30 in the morning.I have been there only once this year.I have seen his name in the papers rather often recently.2.一般一般过去时过去时与与过去完成时过去完成时 一般一般过去过去时：时：以以现在时间为起点现在时间为起点，表示过去发生的动作或存，表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。在的状态。过去过去完成完成时：时：以以过去某时间为过去某
24、时间为起点，表示起点，表示过去过去某一时间或动某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或存在的状作之前已经发生或完成的动作或存在的状态。态。e.g.She was here a minute ago.Luke told me that he had met my friends the day before.一般过去一般过去时：时：表表示示两个或两个以上的动作，且按照动作发生的两个或两个以上的动作，且按照动作发生的顺序表顺序表达达。过去完成过去完成时：时：表示表示某事继续到过去某时已有一段时间某事继续到过去某时已有一段时间时时。e.g.The scientist had a quick lunc
25、h and then continued his work.My uncle had served in the army for ten years;last year he retired.3.现在完成时与现在完成进行时现在完成时与现在完成进行时1)主要差别是现在完成时表示动作已完成，而现在完成进行时主要差别是现在完成时表示动作已完成，而现在完成进行时却不一定如此。却不一定如此。e.g.Theyve built a bridge.已已建建好好 Theyve been building a bridge.可可能还在能还在建建2)许多静态动词只能用于现在完成许多静态动词只能用于现在完成时不时不
26、能用于现在完成进行时。能用于现在完成进行时。e.g.The strike has lasted six months.3)少数动词用这两种时态时意义差别不大。少数动词用这两种时态时意义差别不大。e.g.He has worked/has been working on Mrs.Greens case for almost six years.I woke at dawn again and already the birds _(sing).In the coming days,we_(paint)the toilet block that we had been building over
27、the last two months.I _(live)in this Cambodian village for two months.Despite the hard physical work,I _(not regret)for one moment choosing to spend my gap year as a volunteer for the Cambodia Foundation.Complete the blog with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.were singingwould be paintingha
28、ve been living/have liveddont regret/havent regrettedIt is wonderful to meet such friendly local people who are happy to share their lives with us.I _(feel)happy and free of worries.And,of course,I _(become)fitter.This gap year has been a fantastic opportunity for my personal growth,and I surely _(c
29、ontinue)to learn about how other people live their lives after it ends.feelhave become/am becomingwill continue1.The unmanned Change-4 probe(探测器探测器)the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess _(touch)down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.2.Actually,I _(start)to learn kung fu whe
30、n I was seven years old,but I have long been out of practice.touched用括号内单词的正确形式填空。用括号内单词的正确形式填空。started3.By about 6000 BC,people _(discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.4.New methods _(mean)that fewer people worked in farming.5.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut _(report)inc
31、reases in bear sightings around human settlements,leading to a meanthad discoveredhave reported1.You are a great swimmer.Thanks.Its because I _ a lot these days.A.have been practising B.was practising C.would practise D.had practised2.Instead of getting down to a new task as I _,he examined the prev
32、ious work again.A.had expected B.have expected C.would expect D.expectAA从四个选项中，选出最佳选项。从四个选项中，选出最佳选项。3.I _ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage,but I couldnt manage it.A.had hoped B.am hoping C.have hoped D.would hopeA4.The musician along with his band members _ ten performances i
33、n the last three months.A.gives B.has given C.have given D.giveB5.They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals _ by 2022 for the Beijing Winter Olympics.A.will install B.will have been installed C.are installed D.have been installedBRead the profile and talk about Davids life using different tense
34、s where appropriate.David MasonPERSONAL INFORMATIONDate of Birth:20 June 2001Nationality:BritishEDUCATION2007-2013 Carson Primary School2013-2019 Wildwood High SchoolEXTRACURRICULAR EXPERIENCESept 2017 first prize for school science project Apr-Oct 2018 exchange programme in ChinaFUTURE PLANSJulia20
35、19-present gap year in Cambodialundergraduate study at Newcastle Universitylchemical engineer after graduationlvoluntary work to help people in needDavid MasonDavid Mason was born on June 20,2001 in England.He had a very good education.During 2007 and 2013,he studied in Carson Primary School.Then he
36、 went to Wildwood High School during 2013 and 2019.While studying in school,he had many extracurricular experiences,such as the first prize for school science project in Sept 2017,exchange program me in China during Apr 2018 and Oct 2018,gap year in Cambodia during Jul 2019 and present.After his hig
37、h school graduation,he wants to do undergraduate study at Newcastle University.He is planning to become a chemical engineer after college and do some voluntary work to help people in need.Interview each other about your past experience and future plans.A.Tell me about your experience.B.Making a mean
38、ingful difference in the lives of my patients and their families motivates me to strive for excellence in everything I do.I look forward to seeing their reaction when we get a positive outcome that will change their lives forever.Like the family of a young boy we treated last yearat eight years old,
39、he had experienced rapid weight gain and signs of depression.His parents described him as a usually joyful child but now he seemed disengaged and uninterested in his typical schedule.In the end,we determined that it was hypothyroidism,which is,of course,controllable with medication.The boy is adjust
40、ing well to the treatment and has returned to his joyful self.Thats why I became a nurse and why Im pursuing a position in pediatrics.”Read the conversation on page 6.Pay attention to the expressions.make up my mindpass up the opportunityhaving second thoughtsput off making a decisionreject anything
41、 out of handweigh up the optionsmake up my mindMake my mind up:to decide which of two or more choices you want,especially after thinking for a long time.pass up the opportunitypass up a chance/opportunity/offer etc:to not use the chance etc.to do or have something when it is offeredhave second thoug
42、htshave second thoughts:about to start having doubts about a decision you have madeput off making a decisionput off doing something:to delay doing something or to arrange to do something at a later time or date,especially because there is a problem or you do not want to do it nowreject anything out
43、of handreject(someone or something)out of hand:to dismiss,deny,or refuse someone or something immediately and without due discussion or consideration.weigh up the optionsto gauge(估算估算)the potential benefits or downsides of something.A noun or pronoun can be used between weigh and up.1 What difficult
44、 decision is Li Ling facing?Why is she feeling worried?She has to make a choice between studying physics at her dream university,as she has been admitted without taking any exam,and taking the college entrance exam and applying to the Medical School there.She cant make up her mind what the right thi
45、ng to do is.Read the conversation and answer the questions.2 What does Jenny suggest to her?Jenny at first suggested to Li Ling that she should go for her preferred major.Then she suggested that she could put off making a decision until she had spoken to her high school advisor.Since Li Ling still c
46、ould not make a decision,Jenny suggested that they could go for lunch and then weigh up the options.3 What would you do when faced with a difficult decision?Preparing to Make a Tough Decision Recognize why some choices are hard Reign in your emotions Sleep on it Release your fear of mistakesWeighing
47、 the Options limit your options Gather information Consider the consequences Talk it over with a trusted advisorThink about Decisions Long-term Reflect on past decisions Align your actions with your personal values Envision what each choice will fell likeRead the statements and complete the sentence
48、s with the correct form of the expressions.make up my mindpass up the opportunityhaving second thoughtsput off making a decisionreject anything out of handweigh up the optionsMay:I thought quitting my old job to work here was the right decision to make,but now Im not sure the new job seems too deman
49、ding.May is _.Jane:Can I get back to you by the end of the week?I really cant make a decision now.Jane is _.having second thoughtsputting off making a decisionmake up my mindpass up the opportunityhaving second thoughtsput off making a decisionreject anything out of handweigh up the optionsPaul:The
50、physics club or debating society?The physics club,of course!Im a big fan of science.Bill:Working at my dads bank?Absolutely not!Its too boring!Paul finds it easy to _.make up his mindBill is _.rejecting something out of handmake up my mindpass up the opportunityhaving second thoughtsput off making a
