1、上海中考英语备考训练：写作一， 一等文要求，1， 结构三段式：第一段：简单明了，开门见山。如我们想表达小强很强壮，直接说 XQ is extremely strong. 观点明确，一句足矣。第二段：分析为什么他强壮。A. 每天吃10顿饭，He has ten meals everyday! 详举吃的是什么。B. 每天运动2小时，He does exercise 2 hours a day! 详举做了什么运动。第三段：结论，与第一段呼应，但不能完全照，要有升华。也可以提出希望和建议等。如，How strong and robust XQ is! I hope to be him one day!
2、2，内容和要点：话题topic必须符合题意，提示的要点必须写全，一个都不能漏写。确定主题、要点是要发表观点，还是举出例子。如果有具体提示，写作就等于翻译，把提示内容变换句式翻译到位，全面切题。如果没有提示，自已提炼，找到主题, 跟主旨无关的话不要写。3，逻辑合理：递进：first, second, third, finally, to begin with, first of all, in addition, whats more, moreover, on the one hand, on the other hand, the last but not the least。转折：but,
3、 yet, however, as far as I am concerned, in the meantime。总结：in a word, all in all, in conclusion。4，语法和亮点：单词拼读和语法必须准确，不可以有错误。在此基础上，用几个有难度的词汇，编几个高级的句型。一般词汇和简单句型要限量用，不可占字太多。 二， 三段十句话：1，三段布局：高考作文题型多样, 有命题作文和材料作文。材料作文是根据给出的书面材料, 按要求作文。话题主要三方面：学生学习生活，学生日常生活，社会热点现象。无论哪种文体：记叙文、议论文，夹叙夹议文，应用文、说明文、图片描述文都可以用三段法
4、：引入，具体，结尾。记叙文：A. 背景介绍：时间、地点、人物、事件。B. 故事发展经过结果。C. 结局和感受。 议论文：A. 发表观点。B. 论据理由。C. 结论呼应论点。图片文：A. 描述图片内容，提炼观点。B. 论据理由。C. 结论呼应论点。日记写法同一般记叙文或议论文。通知，书信，演讲稿在引入部分写话题，意图，主题；在具体部分写活动要求，具体内容，观点陈述；在结尾部分写活动时间、地点、联系方式、结语、总结、希望或号召。2， 十句成篇：Passage 1,1） Topic 话题2） Thesis 论点Passage 2,3） Transition 过渡句4） Argument1 论据15）
5、 Detail 1 论据1的支持句6） Argument2 论据27） Detail 2 论据2 的支持句8） Argument3 论据39） Detail 3 论据3的支持句Passage 310） Conclusion 总结以上为议论文的三段十句结构。根据具体情况可调整加减。其它文体在此基础上略作修改即可。三， 具体各类题型写法：1， 描述图片类：P1图片描述, 图片主旨。P2 过渡句加论据和支持句。视字数调整论据和支持句个数。P3总结。2， 夹叙夹议文：写法1，P1 话题记叙或描述。P2 观点或感想，写2个论据和2个支持句。P3总结。写法2，P1 话题和观点。P2 事件起因、经过、结果以
6、证明论点。P3 总结说明事件，再次证明话题和论点。写法3，P1回忆记述事件。P2感受、观点。P3总结。3， 两主旨议论文：有时需要写两个主旨，如第一个为什么喜欢读书，另一个喜欢读什么书。或第一个水为什么珍贵，另一个怎么节约水。可以分成两大部分写：P1 话题、一个论据和支持句。P2 过渡句、另一个论据和支持句。P3 总结4，建议型议论文：写法1，倾向建议：提出一个问题，简单说明该问题，并针对此问题给出多个建议：P1写信目的，一个问题。 P2 针对这个问题若干建议。P3总结希望。写法2，问题建议并重：提出两个问题，然后给出相应的两条建议：P1 写信目的。P2提两个问题并说明。P3针对两问题给两建议
7、。写法3，倾向于问题：提出一个问题，详细阐述问题并分析原因，结尾给出一个建议。P1写信目的。P2提出一个问题，原因及危害等。P3 建议、总结。5， 说明文和纯事实新闻报导：同纯记叙文，不涉及议论，只将起因、经过、结果写清即可。重事实轻情义。四， 写作四步骤：1， 审题：主题，体裁，人称，时态，内容要点。在试卷中画出要点。2， 框架：打草稿：一定要打草稿，正式写作再梳理锤炼。3， 成文：一要凝练，二要变化。使用过渡词、从句、不同句型和词组搭配。4，检查：内容要点，语法错误。名词查单复数和冠词，动词查时态语态和主谓一致。变换句式：不用过于简单的结构。总之：认真审题, 提炼要点; 紧扣主题, 扩词成
8、句; 表述准确, 连句成文; 通篇检查, 确保无误。五， 英文文章开头有两种可以选择：1，每段开头空两格，四或五个字符，段落之间不空行。标题和文章间不用空行。2，每段开头顶格写，段落之间空行。标题和文章间不用空行。两种都可以，但是空格与不空格不能混用，第一种用的比较多。上海中考英语写作训练：真题范文2018 VI. Writing(作文)(共20分) Write at least 60 words on the topic My progress(以“进步了”为题,写一信不少于60个词的短文,标点符号不占格)你在生活或导习中一定取得过不少进步,比如生活枝能的获得、学习方法的掌握、良好习慣的养成
9、。请选取其中一个方面,结合自身经历,谈一谈你是如何取得这一进步的。（注意:短文中不得出现任何人名、校名及其它相关信息,否则不予评分。)The following is for reference only(以下表达仅供参考)used to do/betry my best to domake progress in( doing)My ProgressI used to be poor in English, especially in speaking English as I was too shy to open my mouth.Things have been changed sin
10、ce I had a new English teacher who was very kind and told me the correct way to learn English. With his encouragement, I gained confidence and began to speak a little. In the meantime, I spent more time in English learning and try my best to improve my English. I listened to English broadcasting and
11、 imitated the pronunciation. I also went to English Corner to practice my spoken English with foreigners every Sunday. Step by step, I have made substantial progress in learning English. Not only can I read English novels now, but also I can speak English fluently.As a proverb says, “Nothing is diff
12、icult if you put your heart in it.” Im proud of my progress.2017 VII. Writing（作文）（共20分）Write at least 60 words on the topic “Theres always hope”（以“常怀希望”为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格）面临困惑的时候、经历变化的时候、感觉挫败的时候、遭遇逆境的时候来自内心的坚持、他人的帮助、社会的关爱和科技的发展等，总能让人常怀希望。请选取一个方面谈谈你的理解（可结合自身或他人的经历）。The following is for referenc
13、e only （以下表达仅供参考）get out of difficulty give a hand never lose hopeTheres Always HopeDifficulties and failures are unavoidable in our lives, However, I believe theres always hope as long as you dont give up.I used to be poor in English. The grammar, the vocabulary, the pronunciation and writing were
14、continuously torturing me. I almost lost my heart and thought about giving up. Luckily, I met a good teacher who was so kind that he spent hours helping me to correct my mistakes and teaching me excellent methods. He always gave me generous praise for any minor progress of mine. With his encourageme
15、nt, I gained confidence and tried my best to overcome all the difficulties. Day by day, I have made substantial progress. Not only can I read English novels now, but also I can speak English fluently.As an old saying goes, “Where there is a will ,there is a way.” No matter how difficult things seem
16、to be, lets cherish hope and never give up.2016 Writing（作文）Write at least 60 words on the topic“Im ready”（以“我准备好了”为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格）你对明天一定有着美好的憧憬为此，你已经做好了哪方面的准备？请结合你的经历或特长等，选取一个角度具体谈谈你是如何做准备的（ independent be good at responsible take part in hardworking it helps me toIm ReadyWhen I was young,
17、my mother usually read books for me as soon as she had time. I was attracted by the fascinating world of stories so I made a determination to become a writer.To achieve the dream, I have been doing my best all the time. First of all, I pay great attention to my Composition classes. Furthermore, I jo
18、in school writing group and take part in writing contest, which makes me practice a lot in writing. Last but not the least, I keep connection with a famous writer who helps me to improve my writing ability substantially. All in all, through hard working I am good at writing now.How happy I will be w
19、hen my books that will enrich childrens life are published someday! I hope my dream will come true . Im ready.Im readyI always say to myself: Im ready! before a competition or a speech, though it seems that I will never be ready for them absolutely. I am ready! ,which makes me so confident that I ca
20、n pay all of my attention to what I do efficiently. Of course, as a saying says: Practice makes perfect. Essential preparation is necessary. We should make every effort to prepare for what we do .Say to ourselves: Im ready ，and it will help us play our best card！2015 Writing (作文) Write at least 60 w
21、ords on the topic “ I want to invent _ ”(以“我想要发明_”为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格) （注意：1、在答题纸上将题目补充完整。2、短文中不得出现任何人名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。）The following is for reference only. (以下表达仅供参考) It can be used to It will be exciting/necessary/helpful toI Want to Invent a Family Robot DoctorI want to invent a family rob
22、ot doctor because it is very helpful to us.First of all, a family robot can cure illnesses for people at home immediately after you feel sick or get hurt, which is very convenient and efficient, especially in emergency situations. Whats more, as we all know, nowadays hospitals are always occupied by
23、 patients who are anxious to be taken care as soon as possible, so family robot doctors can reduce the pressure of hospital and alleviate the patients anxiety. Last but not the least, with the help of a robot doctor, people can get duly advice for healthy diet and live a better life. In a word, a fa
24、mily robot doctor is substantially useful for our society.In order to achieve my dream of inventing a family robot doctor, I will do my best and learn hard.I Want To Invent A Family Doctor RobotI want to invent a family doctor robot, which can be used to cure the illness without going out of their h
25、ome. As far as Im concerned, it will be extremely helpful and useful because of the following reasons:First, you can see the doctor immediately at home when you feel sick or get hurt. It can save us a lot of time, especially in emergency situations. Furthermore, hospitals today are always filled wit
26、h patients, not everyone can be taken good care of. However, with the help of our robot doctors, you can talk to your personal doctor one to one whenever you want.In short, family doctor robots can make great contribution to our society.I want to invent a time machineAs a student who is experiencing
27、 unprecedented modern life nowadays, I would rather learn about the history and the future life of human being from a real experience than learn from a textbook. Thats why if I can work as a great inventor, inventing a time machine will be my first choice. The most important usage of my time machine
28、 will be visiting one of best schools in Tang Dynasty. As we all know, Tang Dynasty is famous for its open-minded education. Therefore, when I visit the school of the ancient city, I can not only try different ways of studying but communicate with people from different countries as well. Using a tim
29、e machine is the most vivid way to learn history as it is both a record of mankind and a mirror of past, I am looking forward to the day when my time machine comes out.2014. Writing (作文) Write at least 60 words about the topic “ This time next year“ (以“明年此时”为题，写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格)你是否想象过，明年此时，你的生活会
30、发生怎样的变化？你对自己或他人有怎样的期待？你能为此做些什么？）The following sentence patterns are for reference only. ( 以下句型仅供参考)I hope to /I hope that. Perhaps I will. It will be exciting / necessary / terrible to .This Time Next YearIt is exciting to imagine what I will be this time next year. Life is changeable and I will be
31、different.First, Ill be a senior student next year. I really hope I can achieve my dream and attend my favorite high school. Furthermore, I will get many new friends with whom I will spend my precious moments. Perhaps I can take part in a summer camp abroad as my English will be good enough to commu
32、nicate with foreigners. Of course, to realize the wishes, hardworking is still necessary for me. Finally, it is high time that I should help my mother with more housework.Anyway, I will be better, kinder and more diligent this time next year. Let me look forward to it.This time next yearIts exciting
33、 to imagine what the happy life will be like.At this time next year, I will be a senior high student, and I will make a lot of new friends. I hope to be more independent so that perhaps I will be taking part in a summer camp abroad to improve my spoken English. Also I will help my parents do housewo
34、rk in order to know how to take care of myself when I am alone.Life will be totally different, but Im really looking forward to it.This time next yearLife is changeable, and thats why everyone longs for the future, which is full of challenge as well as hope.Perhaps I will have achieved my goal this
35、time next year, studying in a senior high school. Despite that, diligence will be still needed to make myself go further in English. Basically, it is important to concentrate in class and take notes carefully. Then, I will benefit from reading English books. What is more, going abroad is of great us
36、e in improving my oral English. Only in this way can I progress in English endlessly. Make plans and go for what I want. And I believe when the challenge is coming, the hope is also around the corner.2013 Writing(作文) Write at least 60 words about the topic “How to protect myself”(“如何保护自己”为题，写一篇不少于60
37、个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)提示：自我保护是青少年需要掌握的重要技能。请谈谈你在生活中怎样进行自我保护(可结合生活中的某一个情景或具体事例，如：面对灾难如何自救，如何预防受骗或侵害，如何避免生活中的意外，等等)。Phrases for reference(以下短语仅供参考)：Askfor help calm downin danger prevent.FromHow to Protect MyselfLife is precious. Protecting myself is the most important thing to do when I am in danger.Then if
38、 an earthquake hits my city, what can I do to protect myself? First of all, I must calm down as panic is of no help. Second, I should try to run out instead of hiding in a building. Taking lift is prohibited during an earthquake and what I can only do is walking downstairs. In the meantime, I should
39、 be aware of the falling objects to avoid being hit. Finally, if I still have difficulties in escaping I can cry out and ask others for help.In conclusion, when a disaster comes I should calm myself down and manage to survive.How to protect myselfAs a student, I think it important for me to protect
40、myself from dangerous situations. First of all, I must calm down as soon as possible, for panicking is of no help. Then, as is know to all, calling 119 immediately is the most effective way to save myself. As well as that ,it is best to take the stairs instead of elevators.In conclusion, with positi
41、ve attitude and sufficient preparations, I will be able to protect myself from fires.How to protect myselfEveryone in my family was awaked by the unusual shaking. The first word that came to my mind was earthquake. When I looked outside of the window, I found everyone running here and there, and I c
42、ould hear the shouting from the neighbors. Despite the fact that I was in danger, I told myself to calm down and think about the ways to protect myself in an earthquake. I should get outside instead of hiding inside the building. I couldnt take the lift but walk downstairs. No sooner had I got outsi
43、de than I asked the police for help. And I should always be aware of the unexpected drop overhead. Following these ways, I managed to prevent myself from being hurt, and survived the earthquake. I believe that these are useful ways to protect myself in an earthquake.2012 Writing (作文): Write a letter
44、 in at least 60 words according to the given situation (根据所给情景写一封不少于60词的信) Suppose you are Joe. Your friend Betty is upset about a coming exam for she cares too much about the result. What do you think? Try to offer her some advice. (假如你是Joe, 你的好朋友Betty 因为过于在意考试结果而感到焦虑。请给她写一封信，谈谈你的看法，并给她一些建议。) May 1
45、, 2018Dear Betty,Regret knowing that you are especially anxious about the coming exam. I fully understand you as I was once in the same situation. I would like to give you some advice.First, please breathe deeply when you feel worried, which can help you calm down. Second, try to spare some time to
46、take part in recreational activities such as walking, running or chatting with friends. This can alleviate the pressure and refill you with enough energy. Third, consult your teacher about your problems and try to prepare the exam efficiently. In a word, anxiety is of no help, let us focus on the pr
47、ocess instead of the result.Hope to hear from you soon. Yours sincerely,JoeKnowing that you care too much about the result, I am quite worried. Actually, it is no use being upset despite the importance of the result. There are some effective ways to calm down. Above all, keeping reminding yourself t
48、o stay in peace is the most helpful. Besides, it will help you to relax if you spare some time for recreational activities like sports. Finally, talk to your parents and friends, who are always ready to comfort you.As is said by Steve Jobs, “the journey is the reward.” I am sure you will get through this situation.2011 Writing (作文) Write at least 60 words about the topic “Im a member of “(以“我是的一员”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格子”提示： 你可以作为任
