1、Unit 13 We are trying to save the earth.知识点及练习Section A知识点1. try v. 试图，努力，尝试 用法：try to do sth. 尽力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事try ones best (to do sth.) = do ones best (to do sth.) 尽某人最大的努力(做某事) 短语：try on 试穿 try out 试用，参加选拔 have a try 尝试，试一下 let me try 让我试一下2.the earth 地球，表示世界上独一无二的事物前面要加定冠词the。短语：on the
2、 earth 在地球上 on earth 究竟，到底3. pollution n.污染，污染物 pollute v. 污染 polluted adj.被污染的短语：air pollution 大气污染，空气污染 noise pollution 噪音污染 water pollution 水污染4. litter v. 扔垃圾 n.垃圾= rubbish = trash 短语：take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 throw rubbish / litter 扔垃圾5. the bottom of 的底部 the top of 的顶部6. be full of = be filled
3、with 充满7. play a part 参与；起作用play a part in “在方面起作用；参与”，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。8.cut短语 cut down 减少，把砍倒 cut in 插话 cut off 切断；断绝cut up 切碎cut out 删除9. instead of 介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式。instead 副词，常位于句末。位于句首时，其后有逗号。10. Its good for health and it doesnt cost anything! (P98) 11.be good for 对有益，反义词组be bad for。be go
4、od at 擅长”，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，同义词组do well in。be good with “善于应付”。be good to “对友好”, 同义词组be friendly to。12. cost 主语是物， sth. cost(s) (sb.) some money. 某事物花费了某人一些钱spend主语是人，sb. spend(s) time/money on sth. 某人花费时间/金钱在某物上 sb. spend(s) time/money (in) doing sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事 pay主语是人，sb. pay(s) some money for st
5、h. 某人为某物支付金钱 take多表示花费时间，It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人一些时间13. make a (big/ much) difference to sb./sth. 对某人/某事物有(大)影响/有关系14. lead to 导致；引起 lead sb. to do sth. 带领某人做某事15. not onlybut also若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致，即“就近一致原则”。如果连接两个两句，并且not only放在句首时，not only引导的分句要用部分倒装结构，but also引导的分句不用倒装结
6、构。16. harmful adj. 有害的，不利的 be harmful to = do harm to 对有害 17. hear of/about 听说 hear from 收到某人来信 hear 听到 (强调结果) listen to 听(强调动作)18 .be popular in 在范围内受欢迎 be popular with sb.受某人欢迎19. percent n. 百分之 , 单复数相同。the percent of +名词 做主语时，谓语动词要和of后的名词保持一致。20. in (great) danger 在(极大的)危险中 out of danger 远离危险dang
7、er(n.)-dangerous(adj.)endanger(v.)-endangered(adj.)21. afford v. “承担得起；买得起”。后面可跟名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。 常与can, could, be able to连用，多用于否定句中。 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 cant afford to do sth. 不能负担做某事22. take action 采取行动take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事23. reusable adj. 可重复使用的，可再次使用的类似加前缀re-的单词：return返回 reappear 再
8、现 rebirth再生 rebuild在建 recall 回想 rewrite 重写 recover 恢复 recount重新计算 rethink 重新思考 recycle 重新利用Section B知识点1. put sth. to good use =make good use of sth. 好好利用，充分利用2. build/make . out of 用建造/制造3. turned upside down 过去分词短语作后置定语，意为“被翻转过来的；被颠倒过来的”。turn sth. upside down 把某物翻转过来4. be made of 由制成，能看出原材料 be mad
9、e from 由制成，不能看出原材料be made in 产于，后接生产地 be made into 被制成，后接制成品 be made by. 由制造，后接动作的执行者 be made up of. 由构成，后跟组成部分5. in front of 在的前面，强调在某一物体外部的前面 in the front of 在的前部，强调在某一物体内部的前面6. win a prize 获奖辨析：win“赢得，获胜”，宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。 beat“打赢，战胜”，指比赛时，其宾语为所战胜的对手7. inspiration 可数名词，“鼓舞人心的人（或事物）”。 不可数名词，“灵感”。 b
10、e an inspiration to sb. 对某人来说是一个鼓舞人心的人（或事物）；激励着某人。8. work 可数名词，作品，著作 不可数名词，工作 动词，工作 job 可数名词，工作9. creativity n.创造力,创造性 creative adj.有创造力的；创造性的 create v.创造；创作10. need 需要(1).实义动词 ，用于肯定句，其后可接名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式作宾语。 need sth. “需要某物”。 need to do sth. 需要做某事主语是人 need doing sth. = need to be done. 某事需要被做主语是物 (2
11、).情态动词，用于否定句和疑问句中，没有时态与人称的变化，后接动词原形。由need/must引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt/dont have to。Grammar一、现在进行时（1）用法：表示现在正在进行的动作。特征：常常与now或具体的时间连用，有时句中会有感官动词来提示，或通过上下文来暗示。表示现阶段一直进行的动作。这类动词常常是延续性动词。常于at present, this week, these days等连用。一些表示位置移动的词，如go, come, leave等，常用现在进行时表示将来。下列动词不用于进行时态：表示记忆、理解或决定的词：remem
12、ber, forget, believe, decide, understand等；表示感觉、情感、心理活动的词：hear, see, smell, taste, notice, seem, like, hate, love, want, wish, hope等；表示占有或拥有的动词：have, own, belong等。 （1）构成： be (am/ is/ are) + 现在分词 二、used to句型 used to意为“过去常常做某事”，表示过去存在某种状态或过去经常性、习惯性的动作。肯定句：主语+used to + 动词原形+其它否定句：主语+didnt use to + 动词原形+
13、其它主语+usednt to + 动词原形+其它 一般疑问句：Did+主语+use to + 动词原形+其它？ Used +主语+to + 动词原形+其它？辨 析： used to do sth. “过去常常”。 be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”。 be used to do sth. “被用来做某事”。=be used for doing.三、被动语态 主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。被动语态的基本构成为be +及物动词的过去分词。各种时态的被动语态：一般现在时：am / is / are +过去分词 一般过
14、去时：was / were +过去分词 一般将来时：1. will +be+过去分词 ;2. am / is / are going to be+过去分词 现在时行时：am/ is/ are + being +过去分词现在完成时：have / has + been +过去分词过去进行时：was / were+ being +过去分词过去将来时：1. would +be+过去分词 ;2. was / were going to be+过去分词过去完成时：had + been +过去分词含情态动词：情态动词+be+过去分词基础练习题Section A1. 单选题( )1. Could you gi
15、ve me some advice on how to lose weight?Well, I think eating healthily can really make _ difference.A. a B. an C. the D.不填( )2. Plastics, as we know, are harmful _ the environment.A. on B. atC. to D. in( )3. Miss Clark has decided to buy the house because it has many _. The biggest one is that it is
16、 near her company.A. suggestions B. advantagesC. memories D. challenges( )4. That well-educated gentleman was so _ to his wife. Dont you think it strange?A. close B. ready C. similar D. cruel( )5. How much did your holiday inThailand_, Wang Xue?It was 20,000 yuan in total.A. take B. cost C. spend D.
17、 pay( )6. I think Ill go and see Bob.You _. He often mentions you.A. need B. may C. should D. can( )7. Could Nelly afford _ a house with a big garden?A. to buy B. buyingC. buy D. to buying( )8. Our physics teacher says that the last to leave the lab must remember _ the windows.A. close B. closingC.
18、closed D. to close( )9. Im surprised to see you smoking. You _, I remember.A.arent used to B.werent used to C.didnt use to D.dont use to( )10. So far this year we _ about half of the road and we are sure that it will be finished on time.A. have built B. builtC. build D. are building( )11. The new mu
19、seum is open from 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. and _ by more than one hundred people every day.A.visits B.visited C.is visited D.was visited( )12. Kevins pet dog was dead. No one could _ to life.A. bring it out B. bring it backC. give it out D. give it back( )13. It is helpful for older adults to exercis
20、e. Not only _ them keep their bodies healthy, but it can also help their brains.A. it helps B. helps itC. can it help D. it can help( )14. Walking after meals is good for our health._. Ruby, lets go out for a walk after supper.A. I dont agree B. I agreeC. It doesnt matter D. It depends( )15. What do
21、 you think of the house that Amy Winterbourne built herself out of trash? It reminds me of the days _ I spent in the countryside.A. when B. that C. who D. where ( )16. There are a lot of things for us _ to protect the environment. A. to do B. doing C. to be done D. to be doing ( )17. A group of volu
22、nteers go to the Green Lake Park to _ litter every month. A. put up B. set up C. pick up D. cheer up( )18. The flight flying to Russia from Beijing International Airport _ about 8 hours. A. spends B. uses C. takes D. costs ( )19. Last night, you forget _ off the computer when you went to bed. Really
23、? I remember _ it off. A. to turn; to turn B. to turn; turning C. turning; turning D. turning; to turn ( )20. Look! _ people _? A. Does, litter B. Are, littering C. Did, litter D. Were littering( )21 To _ air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving.A. cut down B. cut off C. cu
24、t up D. cut into( )22. So far, the air _ really polluted around here. Im really _ worried.A. has become; getting B. have become; getting C. has been becoming; got D. has been becoming; got( )23. Sharks are at the top of the food chain, _ if their numbers drop, the oceans ecosystem will be in danger.
25、 A. but B. although C. so D. when( )24. We think that everyone _ use public transportation.A. must B. should C. could D. might( )25. The number of the students in our school _ in the last few years. A. has fallen B. had fallen C. fell D. has fell( )26.He can _ dance, because his leg was badly hurt.
26、A. no more B. no longer C. not moreD. not longer( )27.Hundreds of trees _ around our school last year. A. planted B. are planted C. have planted D. were planted( )28.Now many wild animals are in danger. If we dont _ to protect them, it will be hard for us to see them in the near future. A. take plac
27、e B. take part C. take action D. take care( )29.The story is so strange that we have never_it before. A. heard from B. heard of C. heard D. listened to( )30.In the city, many old buildings will be_next year. A. pulled up B. pulled down C. pulled out D. pulled in( )31Hes never stolen anything before,
28、 _he?_. Its his second time to be taken to the police station. A. hasnt; Yes B. has; Yes C. has; No D. is; No( )32In a text message, 88 means ByebyeAnd another example is F2F_stands for face to face. A. that B. who C. whom D. it( )33Our math teacher stays in the office for a long time every day.Yes,
29、 it_ him a long time to check our homework. A. costs B. spends C. takes D. pays( )34.My father plans _ an article about new methods of _ math. A. to write; learnB. writing; learning C. to write; learning D. writing; to learn( )35.Why not consider _abroad in five years? A. study B. to studyC. studied
30、 D. studying( )36.He used to cut down many trees, but now he has to _it. A. pay back B. pay off C. pay for D. pay out( )37.Who _ the tennis game yesterday?Jack, he _ all the others. A. beat;won B. won;won C. beat;beat D. won;beat基础练习题Section B一、单选题( )1. The boy didnt sleep well last night because of
31、 the _from the factory. A. voice B. noice C. music D. song( )2. This place _ a factory but now it is a park. A. used to being B. used to be C. is used to D. using to be( )3. -How much does the TV _?-Not much. Its just a second-handed one. A. cost B. spend C. take D. pay for( )4. Drinking alcohol (白酒
32、) can be _ your brain. So people in China arent allowed to drink it if they are younger than eighteen. A. good at B. good with C. harmful to ( )5. They walked home last night because they couldnt _ to take a taxi. A. leave B. buy C. afford D. allow ( )6. .-How do you study for a test?-I study _ list
33、ening to tapes. A.at B.by C.to D. about ( )7. Please _ the water when you brush your teeth. A.take down B.turn up C.take away D.turn off ( )8. There _ a number of books in the library and the number of them _ increasing. A. has; is B. have; are C. are; is D. is; are ( )9. Kate, remember _ for the si
34、ck to cheer them up. A.to sing B.singing C.not to sing ( )10. Finish your homework first, then youll _ surf the Internet for half an hour. A.can B.need C.be able to D.may ( )11. -There are a lot of _ of bike riding.-Yes, I agree. Its good for the environment and it saves money. A.instructions B.inst
35、ruments C.products D.advantages ( )12. . -How does Jack usually go to work? -He _ drive a car, but now he _ there to lose weight. A. used to; is used to walk B. was used to; is used to walking C. was used to; is used to walk D. used to; is used to walking( )13. In the 30th Olympic Games, Zhang Jike
36、_Wang Hao and _ the champion of the mens singles. A.beat; won B.beat; beat C.won; won D.won; beat ( )14. .Must we take out the trash（垃圾） now? _. You can do it after class. A. Yes, you must B. No, you cant C. Yes, you may D. No, you neednt ( )15. You _ to the meeting this afternoon if you have someth
37、ing important to do. A. neednt to come B. dont need come C. dont need comingD. neednt come( )16. Its getting dark. Please _ the light. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn around( )17. Not only my friends but also I_ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star. A. be B. am C. is D.
38、are( )18. Mr. Li will check our homework this afternoon. _ you _ it? Not yet. Im doing it right now. A. Do; finish B. Had; finished C. Will; finish D. Have; finished( )19. I heard that Line 1 of Ningbo Subway _ last month. A. was tested B. is tested C. tests D. tested ( )20. -Where is Tom?-He _ a novel in her study. A. has read B. reads C. will read D. is reading( )21 Please dont make so much noise. The baby_ now. A. sleeps B. slept C. will sleep D. is sleeping( )22. . I used to _ newspapers and watch TV after dinner. But now Im used to _ a walk. A. read; take
