1、【英语】高二英语语法填空真题汇编(含答案)一、高中英语语法填空1阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cathy Martin is a hurricane hunter with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). For six months each year, she is part of a team that collects _she describes as vital data, to save life and property.When winds pi
2、ck up, _(spin) toward the Caribbean and U. S. coastline, Martin and _(she) flight team spring into action. They use instruments called dropsondes, which _(set) free from a tube at the back of the plane. As a dropsonde makes its 10,000-foot landing into the sea, it sends out information about air tem
3、perature, pressure, humidity, and the speed and _(direct) of the wind. On an eight-hour flight, Martins team _(typical) drops 15 to 20 dropsondes while flying from one side of the storm _the other, trying to cover as much ground as possible. They head for the center (or eye) of the storm, _theres no
4、 wind, and also search for the strongest winds, to help people on the coast prepare for whats coming. Sometimes, they will use an unmanned aircraft _(gather) data closer to the oceans surface. Though these flights can be long,_(tire) and often last several days in a row, Martin likes her job and wis
5、hes she could fly every day.【答案】 what；spinning；her；are set；direction；typically；to；where；to gather；tiring 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Cathy Martin 以及她的团队是如何收集数据预测飓风的。 （1）考查宾语从句。句意：每年有六个月的时间，她是一个团队的成员，这个团队收集她所说的“重要数据，以拯救生命和财产”。本句为宾语从句，因为从句中缺少宾语，指代事物，故填what。 （2）考查非谓语动词。句意：当风力增强，向加勒比海和美国海岸线旋转时，马丁和她的飞行团队立即行动起来。s
6、pin与逻辑主语wind是主动关系，故填现在分词作状语，故填spinning。 （3）考查代词。修饰名词flight team使用形容词性物主代词，故填her。 （4）考查时态语态。句意：他们使用一种叫做下投式探空仪的仪器，这种仪器从飞机后部的管子中释放出来。主语是dropsondes与谓语动词构成被动关系，结合上下文使用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，故填are set。 （5）考查名词。句意：当探空仪降落在10000英尺的海面上时，它会发出有关空气温度、压力、湿度以及风速和风向的信息。根据上文名词并列结构the speed and可知，应填名词，故填direction。 （6）考查副词。句意：
7、在8小时的飞行中，马丁的团队从风暴的一边飞到另一边时，通常会放下15到20个探空仪，试图覆盖尽可能多的地面。修饰动词drop应用副词，故填typically。 （7）考查介词。fromto固定短语，“从到”，故填to。 （8）考查定语从句。句意：他们前往风暴中心(或风眼)，那里没有风，也寻找最强的风，帮助沿海地区的人们为即将到来的风暴做好准备。本句为定语从句修饰先行词center，且在定语从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。 （9）考查非谓语动词。句意：有时，他们会使用无人驾驶飞机收集更接近海洋表面的数据。本句为不定式to do作目的状语，故填to gather。 （10）考查形容词。句
8、意：虽然这些飞行时间很长，也很累，而且常常会持续好几天，但马丁喜欢她的工作，希望她能每天都飞。根据上文系动词be可知，应填形容词作表语，修饰物，故填tiring。 【点评】本题考点涉及宾语从句，非谓语动词，代词，时态语态，名词，副词，定语从句以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。2阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Forbidden City in Beijing, home to the Palace Museum, hous
9、es more than 1.8 million cultural relics and is one of the worlds most visited tourist attractions. _ (mark) the 600th anniversary of the Forbidden City, the Palace Museum will hold a series of events throughout 2020.Over 20 exhibitions will be held, _ (cover) different areas such as history, art, f
10、estivals, and so on. For the special occasion, Along the River during the Qingming Festival, one of Chinas most _ (wide) known masterpieces, will go on display in September 2020. For _ (it) best preservation, this treasured artwork is seldom fully exhibited. The painting _ (display) for the first ti
11、me back in 2005 to celebrate the museums 80th anniversary. Such _ rare sight is expected to draw huge crowds. In addition, the museum will also display exhibits from other _ (country). During the past few years, the Palace Museum has been working hard to get the public familiar _ the history and cul
12、ture of the Forbidden City. And it seems that these efforts have been paying off, with its _ (popular) reaching a new height. Over 17 million people visited the museum in 2018, of _ 40 percent were under 30 years old.【答案】 To mark；covering；widely；its；was displayed；a；countries；with；popularity；whom 【解析
13、】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北京故宫博物院所在地，拥有180多万件文物，是世界上游客最多的旅游景点之一。 （1）考查非谓语动词。句意：为了纪念故宫建城600周年，故宫博物院将在2020年举办一系列活动。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故mark只能做非谓语，表目的用不定式，故填To mark。 （2）考查非谓语动词。句意：将举办20多个展览，涵盖历史、艺术、节日等不同领域。本句中cover做非谓语与逻辑主语20 exhibitions构成主谓关系，故用现在分词，填covering。 （3）考查副词。known为形容词，需要副词修饰，故填widely。 （4）考查代词。preserva
14、tion为名词，需要形容词修饰，故用形容词性物主代词，填its。 （5）考查时态语态。句意：这幅画于2005年首次展出，以庆祝该博物馆成立80周年。本句中display与主语painting构成被动关系，且根据时间状语2005故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，故填was displayed。 （6）考查冠词。sight为名词，此处表泛指“一个罕见的景象”应用不定冠词，故填a。 （7）考查名词。country为可数名词，由other修饰，故用复数形式，填countries。 （8）考查介词。be familiar with sth.固定短语，“熟悉某物”后跟介词with，故填with。 （9
15、）考查名词。its为形容词性物主代词后跟名词，故填popularity。 （10）考查定语从句。句意：2018年，超过1700万人参观了博物馆，其中40%的人年龄在30岁以下。本句为定语从句修饰先行词17 million people，先行词在从句中做介词of的宾语，指人，故填whom。 【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，副词，代词，时态语态，冠词，名词，介词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。3阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
16、。 Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible _ a significant reduction in intelligence. The research _ (conduct) for the World Health Organization (WHO) in China showed that air pollution was responsible for big: falls in test _ (score) for languages and arithmetic. The study is called T
17、he impact of exposure to air pollution on cognitive (认知的）performance . It _ (publish) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal. The study took place over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking and arithmetic tests taken by 20 000 people of all ages. They said, Polluted air m
18、ay prevent cognitive ability as people become older. The study is a warning to the rest of the world, especially to _ in cities. Over 91 percent of the world population live in areas with _ (poison) air and air pollution is the fourth _ (high) cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that _ lo
19、nger people were exposed to polluted air, the greater their intelligence went down. They said air pollution caused a years worth of lost education. For those _ were over 60 years old, this could be several years. A researcher warned, There is no shortcut _ (solve) this issue. Governments really need
20、 to take effective measures to reduce air pollution.【答案】 for；conducted；scores；was published；those；poisonous；highest；the；who；to solve 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学研究表明空气污染可能会导致人的智力下降，并且随着年龄的增长，其可能会阻碍认知能力。研究者们呼吁政府采取有效措施减少空气污染。 （1）考查介词。句意：科学家们发现，空气污染可能是智力大幅下降的原因。be responsible for固定短语，“对负责，是的原因”。故填for。 （2）考查非谓语动
21、词。句意：世界卫生组织(WHO)在中国进行的研究表明，空气污染是语言和算术考试分数大幅下降的原因。分析句子结构可知，showed是本句的谓语，此处应用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词The research，主语The research和动词conduct之间是被动关系，所以此处应用conduct的过去分词形式表被动。故填conducted。 （3）考查名词。句意：世界卫生组织(WHO)在中国进行的研究表明，空气污染是语言和算术考试分数大幅下降的原因。score“分数，成绩”，是可数名词，此处表示语言和算术的测试分数，应用复数形式。故填scores。 （4）考查时态语态。句意：这项研究发表在美国国家
22、科学院院刊上。句子的主语It指代前一句中的The study，The study和publish之间是被动关系，且publish这一动作发生在过去，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was published。 （5）考查代词。句意：这项研究是对世界其它地区，尤其是对城市居民的一个警告。此处应用those指代那些在城市居住的人。故填those。 （6）考查形容词。句意：超过91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空气的地区，空气污染是导致全球死亡的第四大原因。根据空格后的名词air可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词air，表示“有毒的空气”。故填poisonous。 （7）考查形容词。句意：超过91%的世界人口
23、生活在有毒的空气的地区，空气污染是导致全球死亡的第四大原因。根据空格前的the和序数闻fourth可知，此处表示空气污染是全球第四大死因，应用high的最髙级。故填highest。 （8）考查冠词。句意：研究人员发现，人们接触污染空气的时间越长，他们的智力下降得越厉害。固定结构the+比较级. the+比较级.“越就越”，因此，比较级longer前应加定冠词the。故填the。 （9）考查定语从句。句意：对于那些超过60岁的人来说，这可能需要几年的时间。空格前的those是代词，意为“那些人”，空格处引导定语从句，在从句做主语，修饰先行词those指人，引导词应用who。 先行词为those时
24、，关系代词不能用that。故填who。 （10）考查非谓语动词。句意：在这个问题上没有捷径可走。There is no shortcut to do sth.固定句式，“没有干某事的捷径”，此处用动词不定式。故填to solve。 【点评】本题考点涉及介词，非谓语动词，名词，时态语态，代词，形容词，冠词，定语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。 4阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since _ first fully artificial
25、 plastic was invented in 1907, humans _(find) innumerable uses for the material. It has found _(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in _(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic par
26、ticles, _(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health _(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are _(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came _ drinking bot
27、tled water, in _ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet _(compare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.【答案】 the；have found；its；environmental；smaller；effects；casually；from；which；compared 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章提出了人工塑料渗入到我们生活的方方面面。在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中，研究人员估计，美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒的长
28、度小于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。主要诱因是饮用瓶装水。 （1）考查冠词。句意：自从1907年第一个完全人工塑料被发明以来。根据first可知此处用冠词the。故填the。 （2）考查时态。句意：人类已经发现了这种材料的无数用途。since引导的时间从句要用一般过去时，主句要用现在完成时。分析句子成分可知，主语是humans，故谓语动词为have found。故填have found。 （3）考查代词。句意：它已经渗入我们的工具、我们的衣服甚至我们的身体。way是名词，此处应该用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填its。 （4）考查形容词。句意：在环境科学与技术的一项新研究中。此处要用形容词修饰
29、名词science and technology（科学与技术）。故填environmental。 （5）考查形容词。句意：美国人平均每年吃掉5万多块塑料微粒，这些微粒的长度小于5毫米，再吸入5万粒塑料微粒。根据than可知此处要用形容词比较级。故填smaller。 （6）考查名词。句意：尽管食用这些小塑料碎片对健康的影响尚不清楚。根据the health是主语的一部分，可知此处用名词作主语，且谓语动词是are，故用可数名词复数，填effects。 （7）考查副词。句意：但研究人员强调，人们随意吞下的塑料碎片的实际数量令人担忧。此处要用副词修饰动词swallowing 。故填casually。
30、（8）考查介词。句意：最大促成物来自饮用瓶装水。come from，固定短语，“来自”。故填from。 （9）考查定语从句。句意：瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知，先行词为drinking bottled water，指物，且作in的宾语，故此处填which。故填which。 （10）考查非谓语动词。句意：瓶装水在日常饮食中添加的塑料量是自来水的32倍多。分析句子可知，the bottle itself与compare在逻辑上是被动关系。故填compared。 【点评】本题考点涉及冠词，时态，代词，形容词，名词，介词，副词，定语从句以及非谓语动词的等多个知识点
31、的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。5阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The annual Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival is Harbins main tourist highlight. It is the worlds biggest winter festival. The _(bitter) cold winters are just right for this festival. _sets the
32、 Harbin festival apart is the scale and size of the sculptures and the_(beauty) lighting. It is bigger than _ ones in Sapporo, Norway, and Quebec. At first, mainly Chinese_(participate), but in the last decade, it has become an international festival and _(compete). As the festival grows in internat
33、ional participation, and as Chinas economy grows, the size of the snow sculptures and ice architecture exhibits keeps _(grow) The work going into making these exhibits is astounding, and their size and beauty is amazing. The lightning _(effect)on the huge ice sculptures in the Ice and Snow World are
34、 technologically complex. Officially the festival _(hold) from the end of December through February. Opening dates keep changing, and ending dates partly depends _ the weather. The Sun Island Scenic Area will be opened from Dec. 21 to Feb. 28.【答案】 bitterly；What；beautiful；the；participated；competition
35、；growing；effects；is held；on 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了哈尔滨冰雕节的发展和现状。 （1）考查副词。空处修饰形容词cold，需用副词修饰作状语，故填bitterly。 （2）考查主语从句。 sets the Harbin festival apart 是主语从句，此句中缺主语，故填What。 （3）考查形容词。形容词修饰名词作定语。故填beautiful。 （4）考查冠词。空后的ones指代festivals，后面给出了具体的地点作定语，因此是特指，用定冠词，故填the。 （5）考查时态。根据At first，可知讲述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填p
36、articipated。 （6）考查名词。此空与前面的 festival 并列，作表语，故填competition. （7）考查非谓语动词。keep doing sth.固定短语，”继续做某事“，动名词作宾语，故填growing。 （8）考查名词。根据本句的谓语动词are，可知名词复数作主语，故填effects。 （9）考查时态语态。本句描述的是现在的客观情况，谓语动词用一般现在时；the festival与hold之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故填is held。 （10）考查介词。depend on/upon固定短语，”依靠“，故填on/upon。 【点评】本题考点涉及副词，主语从句，形容词
37、，冠词，时态，名词，非谓语动词，时态语态以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。6阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My hometown is Hangzhou, which attracts a great many tourists every year. Hangzhou played a very _ (importance) role in Chinese history, so it has a number of great
38、 heritage sites well reserved. Lying on the west district of Hangzhou city, West Lake _ (be) the symbol of Hangzhou as well as one of the most beautiful _ (sight) in China. West Lake has all along been praised as a sparkling pearl. If you want to enjoy _ whole West Lake, there are three kinds of sig
39、ht you need to see. The sunny one, the rainy one and the night view of it. There is a saying that the sunny West Lake is not equal _ the rainy West Lake, and the rainy West Lake is less beautiful than the West Lake at night. At last there is a love tale _ happened at West Lake. It is said that a whi
40、te snake changed into a beautiful lady, who _ (call) Bai Suzhen. She was willing to repay Xu Xian for _ (save) her life 500 years ago. Then she married him, living together _ (happy). But the Monk Fa Hai kept doing wrongs to her. He finally made them part. Bai Suzhen was shut in the Leifeng tower an
41、d the couple had no chance _ (meet) again.【答案】 important；is；sights；the；to；which；was called；saving；happily；to meet 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了作者的家乡杭州以及关于西湖的一个传说。 （1）考查形容词。句意：杭州在中国历史上扮演了一个非常重要的角色，所以它有很多很好的遗产保护。此处修饰名词role应用形容词，故填important。 （2）考查主谓一致。句意：西湖位于杭州市西城区，是杭州的象征，也是中国最美的风景之一。此处句子主语是专有名词West Lake，谓语用单数，
42、且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is。 （3）考查名词。句意：西湖位于杭州市西城区，是杭州的象征，也是中国最美的风景之一。根据上文的one of the可知后跟复数名词表示“其中之一”，故填sights。 （4）考查冠词。句意：如果你想欣赏整个西湖，你需要看三种景观。此处the是定冠词，表示特指，修饰whole West Lake。故填the。 （5）考查介词。句意: 有句话说，阳光充足的西湖并不等于多雨的西湖，多雨的西湖也不如夜晚的西湖美丽。be equal to固定短语，“与相等”。故填to。 （6）考查定语从句。句意：最后有一个爱情故事，发生在西湖。此处which是关系代词，引导非限制性
43、定语从句，修饰先行词tale，在从句中做主语，故填which。 （7）考查时态语态。句意：据说，白蛇变成了一位美丽的女士，她叫白素贞。此处句子主语是who，指的是lady，与call是被动关系，故用被动语态，且事情发生在过去应用一般现在时，主语为a beautiful lady，故填was called。 （8）考查非谓语动词。句意：她愿意报答五百年前许仙救了她的命。此处作介词for的宾语应用动名词。故填saving。 （9）考查副词。句意：然后她嫁给了他，幸福地生活在一起。此处修饰动词living 应用副词，故填happily。 （10）考查非谓语动词。句意：白素贞被关在了雷峰塔，这对夫妇再
44、也没有机会见面了。have chance to do sth.固定短语，“有机会做某事”。故填to meet。 【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，主谓一致，名词，冠词，介词，定语从句，时态语态，非谓语动词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。7After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the bl
45、anks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. We want our children to succeed in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖论) is that our children can only truly succeed _ th
46、ey first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that world-class figure skaters fall over more often in practice than low-level figure skaters. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most? The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice.
47、_ (stretch) their limitations, they keep trying their best. They fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lower-level skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, _ (remain) within their comfort zone. This is why they dont fall over. In a superficial sense, they loo
