1、主谓一致【考点直击】1. 语法一致的原则2. 意义一致的原则3. 邻近一致的原则【考点聚焦】主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，从近年来中考的试题来看，对主谓一致的考查主要集中在以下内容：1、动名词、动词不定式、不定代词，时间，金钱，距离做主语谓语要用单数2、由and或bothand连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。3、一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。4、集体名词family, class, team, group 等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；看作每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。 5、 当表示国家，城
2、市，人名，书名，报纸，杂志，及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时，作为整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 The New York Times is reading all over the United States . 纽约时报6、 news ，maths，physics ，politics等词貌似复数，实为单数，其谓语动词用单数.7、“the +形容词”(如the poor ，the rich ，the young， the old ， the dead ，the sick，the brave 等)作主语，谓语动词往往用复数8、有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trouser
3、s, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。注意：如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：Here are some new pairs of shoes.My new pair of socks is on the bed.9 、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。10 、疑问代词作主语时，主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。Who is your brother?11 、分数(百分数)+of +名词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词的数。 但要注意popula
4、tion 一词，用作整体时，谓语动词用单数，用其部分做主语时，谓语动词形式用复数。Part of the work has been done by us .Ten percent of the apples were bad .The population of China is 13.6 billion and 70%of the population are peasants .12 由连词notbut, or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。13
5、 、There be句型、，开头的句子谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。 14 、a number of后面加复数名词或代词，其动词用复数形式；但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时，其谓语用单数。 15 、“one or two +复数名词”做主语,谓语动词用复数。. 16 、在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。17 with , togther with, along with 等遵循就远原则【中考演练】一. 选择填空1. They said the eighteenth and last lesson _ quite e
6、asy. A. is B. was C. are D. were2. -When are you going to Kunming for your holidays? -I havent decided. _ this Sunday _ next Sunday is OK. A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also3. _ Helen _ Joan speaks beautiful Chinese after they came to China. A. Neither; nor B. Not only;
7、 but also C. Both; and D. A and B4. _ of them has his own opinion. A. Both B. Some C. Every D. Each5. Are there any _ on the farm? A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep6. My shirt _ white and my trousers _ blue.A. are; are B. are; isC. is; is D. is; are7. -Two months _ quite a long time.-Yes. Im afra
8、id that he will miss a lot of lessons.A. is B. are C. was D. were8. The old man has two children but _ of them lives with him.A. both B. none C. neither D. all9. Our knowledge of computer _ growing all the time.A. be B. is C. are D. were10. Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began
9、.A. is B. was C. are D. were11. Most of the houses _ this year.A. has built B. have builtC. has been built D. have been built12. I think maths _ very difficult to learn.A. is B. are C. has D. have13. A large number of students _ to work in Xinjiang.A. have gone B. has gone C. goes D. is going14. The
10、 number of the students in the class _ small.A. are B. is C. have D. were15. There _ a lot of good news in todays newspaper.A. is B. are C. was D. were二. 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. _ (be) everything OK?2. Nobody _ (know) the answer to the question.3. Ten divided by two _ (be) five.4. Most of the drinking water
11、_ (be) from the Black River.5. Not only she but also I _ (do) morning exercises every day.6. Either you or she _ (have) made a wrong decision.7. The family _(be) spending the weekend together.8. Bread and butter _ (be) her daily breakfast.9. The police _ (be) trying to catch the thief.10. The number
12、 of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons.三. 翻译下列句子1.我们两个人都没有看这部电影。 _.2.我的茶杯里没有水了。 _.3.不是他就是我要到哪儿去。 _.4.学生们和老师都不知道这件事。 _.5.我们家正在一起度周末。 _.中考预测主谓一致专练1. Neither of them _ going to the cinema. Both of them _ going to the cinema. A. is ; are B. is ; is C. are ; was D
13、. are ; is2. All but one _ here just now. All that I want to say _ this. A. was; were B. was; is B. were; is D. were; were3. A number of students _ gone for an outing. The number of the students _ increasing year. A. have; has B. is; have C. has; have D. have; is 4. Some of the oranges _ turned bad.
14、 Some of the milk _ turned sour (酸). A. have; has B. have; have C. has; have D. have; is 5. Each student -_ got an English- Chinese dictionary. The students each _ a dictionary. A. have; has B. has; have C. have; have D. has; has6. There _ a pen, an ink bottle, and some books on it. There _ some bow
15、ls, plates and a spoon on it. A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is D. is; is 7. Either the judge or the lawyers _ wrong. Either you or he _ to blame. A. is; are B. are; is C. are; are D. is; is 8. His family _ all very well. His family _ a “ five good” one. A. are; is B. is; is C. are; are D. is; are9.
16、 My blue trousers _ worn out. One pair of trousers _ not enough. A. is; are B. are; are C. is; is D. are; is 10. Our League secretary and monitor _ the lead in everything. Our League secretary and the monitor _ good friends. A. take; are B. take; is C. takes; is D. takes; are11. The girl as well as
17、his parents _ a bike. Not only the students but also the professor _ surprised at Marys answer. A. have; was B. have; were C. has; was D. has; were12. Who _ the girl singing in the next room? Who _ these people over there? A. are; are B. are; is C. is; are D. is; is 13. Most of the students _ boys.
18、Most of his money _ spent on books. A. are; is B. is ; is C. are; are D. is; are14. The policeman _ standing at the street corner. The police _ searching for him. A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 15. The glasses _ mine. That pair of glasses _ my brothers. A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are
19、 D. is; is 16. The news at six oclock _ not true. Those pieces of news _ to be broadcasted. A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is 17. Grandpa Wang and his two grandsons _ taking a walk in the park now. Grandpa Wang, together with his two grandsons, _ taking a walk in the park now. A. are; are
20、B. is; are C. is; is D. are; is 18. No one but Jane _ the secret. Nobody but Mary and I _ in the classroom at that time.A.know; was B.knows; was C.know; were D.knows; were19. There _ nothing but two looms in the hall. There _ something wrong with the machine. A. was; is B. was; are C. were; is D. we
21、re; are20. He is one of the boys who _ never late for school. He is the only one of the boys who _ never late for school. A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is D. is; is 21. What they have done _ of great use to us. What he says and what he does _ agree.A.is; not B.is; do not C.are; does not D.are; not2
22、2. Every picture except these two _. Everything around us _ matter.A.have been sold; is B.have been sold; are C.has been sold; is D.has been sold; are23. A woman with two children _ coming up to us. Mary, along with her parents, _ moved to Paris. A. is; has B. is; have C. are; have D. are; has24. on
23、e sixth of our classmates _ from peasant families. One fifth of her time _ devoted to writing.A.comes; is B.come; are C.come; is D.comes; are25. Only 10 percent of the students in the class _ League members. About 40% of Jims income _ to the rent (租金). A. are; goes B. are; go C. is; goes D. is; go26
24、. It is this teacher who _ leaving for London. It is you who _ next. A. are; are B. is; are C. are; is D. is; is27. The population of the earth _ increasing fast. One third of the population here _ workers. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are28. This kind of snakes _ very dangerous. These ki
25、nds of metal _ hard to find. A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. are; are29. Half of the visitors _ from Europe. Half of the fruit _ bad. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are30. Every man worker and every woman worker _ free medical care. At Christmas each boy and each girl _ given a present.
26、A.enjoy; is B.enjoy; are C.enjoys; is D.enjoys; are31. Many a man _ seen the wonderful film. Many men _ seen the wonderful film.A.has; has B.has; have C.have; has D.have; have32. Going to bed early and getting up early _ a good habit. Singing and dancing _ two of the things that he likes best. A. is
27、; is B. are; is C. is; are D. are; are33. Such _ Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements. Such _ her words.A.were; were B.was; were C.were; were D.was; was34. Besides Xiao Wang, Wiao Ma _ willing to do the work. The factory, including its machines _ burnt last night. A. was; is B. were;
28、is C. was; are D. were; are35. If anybody _, ask him to wait. _ there anything I can do for you?A.come; Is B.come; Are C.comes; Are D.comes; Is36. Chinese _ not so difficult to learn. The Chinese people _ brave and hard working. A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. are; are37. Little _ done to prevent
29、 the air from being polluted. Much _ done to against fight pollution.A.has been; have been B.have; has C.has been; has been D.have been; have been38. Do you know the singer and dancer who _standing at the gate? China has thousands of islands, the largest of which _ Taiwan. A. is; are B. is ; is C. a
30、re; is D. are; are39. Each of the girls _ an orange. Each _ his duty. A. have; has B. have; have C. has; has D. has; have40. When we are to hold the sports meet _ been decided. Whether he succeeds or fails _ matter.A.have; dont B.has; dont C.have; doesnt D.has; doesnt 41. Her clothes _ nearly worn o
31、ut. His physics _ weaker than others. A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. are; are42. Five hundred dollars _ more than he can afford. A. is B. are C. was D. were43. Food and clothing _ daily necessities for people. A. is B. are C. was D. were44. The United Nations _ trying to persuade the two countri
32、es. A. is B. are C. was D. were45. Three kilometers _ not a long distance. A. is B. are C. was D. were46. To say something _ one thing, to do it _ another. A. is; is B. are; are C. was D. were47. Reading English magazines and novels _ helpful to your study of English. A. is B. are C. was D. were48.
33、He like you and Xiao Liu _ very diligent. A. is B. are C. was D. were4、举例说明微生物对人类有益的方面是什么？49. Between the two buildings _ a hospital. A. stand B. stands C. was D. were一、填空：50. How to get rid of these things _ a big problem. A. are B. is C. was D. were3、我们在水中发现了什么微生物呢？（P18）答：月相从新月开始，然后是峨眉月、上弦月、满月、下弦月
34、、峨眉月。4、如何借助大熊座找到北极星？（P58）8、晶体的形状多种多样，但都很有规则。有的是立方体，有的像金字塔，有的像一簇簇的针有的晶体较大，肉眼可见，有的较小，要在放大镜或显微镜下才能看见。中考演练答案：一：1D 2B 3D 4D 5D 6D 7A 8C 9B 10B 11D 12A 13A 14B 15答：说明米饭不是甜的，但米饭含有淀粉，在我们咀嚼的过程中发生了变化，变得有甜味了。二：用所给动词的适当形式填空：1.is 2.knows 3.is 4.is 5.do 6.has 7.are 8.are 9.are 10.is are23、我国是世界上公认的火箭的发源地，早在距今1700
35、多年前的三国时代的古籍上就出现了“火箭”的名称。三：翻译下列句子2、你知道哪些昆虫？1.neither of us has seen the film2.there is no water in my cup答：放大镜的中间厚，边缘薄，光线在透过放大镜时会产生折射，因此会把物图像放大。3.not he but I will go there4.neithe students nor the teacher knows the thing5.our family are spending weekends中考预测主谓一致专练答案：1A2B3D4A5B6A7B8A9D10D11C12C13A14C15A16C17D18B19C20C21B22C23A24C25A26B27A28C29C30C31B32C33B34A35A36C37C38B39C40D41B42A43B44A45A46A47A48A49B50B
