1、知识讲解考点11. permission n. 准许/批准 （不可数名词）Jim took the laptop without _. 杰姆未经同意擅自拿走了手提电脑。拓展：_ v. 允许；准许；使有可能ask permission to do sth 征得同意做某事ask permission 报请批准permit sb to do 允许某人做2. raise vt. 筹募、增加、提高raise money for 为筹钱They are raising money for the people who lost homes in the earthquake.他们正在为那些在地震中失去家园
2、的人筹钱。3.sick和ill的区别 sick作表语生病的，恶心的She is ill / sick in bed. 她卧病在床。The smell makes me sick.这气味使我感到恶心。作定语生病的She is looking after her sick father .她在照顾她生病的父亲。ill作表语生病的She is ill / sick in bed. 她卧病在床。作定语坏的，邪恶的He is an ill man. 他是一个邪恶的人。4. offer 主动提出offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物She _ some _ on ke
3、eping fit. 她提出了一些有关保持健康的建议。5.suffer v 受苦；受折磨suffer from （因）痛苦、苦恼，其后常接表示疾病、痛苦、寒冷、饥饿、悲伤等的词语，无被动语态。Many teenagers are _ _ the computer games.6. lonely 与 alone的区分lonely：是一种精神状态alone：是一种事实上的状态She lives _ and often feels _.7. take photos of 给拍照take photos 拍照Tony enjoys taking photos.His uncle took lots of
4、 photos of animals in danger.拓展：make friends with 和交朋友 exchange seats交换座位 shake hands with与握手 take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 join hands with与联系/合作8. help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事 =help sb. with sth.He often helps me(to)study English.=He often helps me with my English.拓展：help oneself to sth.随便吃某物 Help yours
5、elf to some fish,children. cant help doing禁不住做 She cant help laughing.9.spend vt,度过，消磨 He spent his holiday in the country with his girlfriend. 复习：话费 How much money do you spend each week? 常见搭配 sb.+spend(s)+money/time+(in)doing sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事 sb.+spend(s)+money/time+on sth.某人在某事、某物上花费金钱/时间 They sp
6、end a lot of time watching TV every day. He doesnt spend a lot of money on food. 人+ spend(s)+钱/时间+（in）doing sth./on sth.10.die vi.死 第三人称单数：dies 过去式：died 现在分词：dying 形容词：dead 名词：death注意：die为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，但可以转换成be dead.He died 3 years ago.He has been dead for 3 years.11.need 1 实义动词，意为“需要” +名词、代
7、词或不定式 They dont need any help. 他们不需要任何帮助。 He needs to have a good rest. 2 情态动词，没有人称和数的变化+动词原形，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。 You neednt become very nevous.Must I bring my homework now?No, you neednt. You can bring it tomorrow.注意：need 后接动词- ing时表示被动意义。These flowers need watering.12.have difficulty(in) doing sth.做某事有困
8、难 I have some difficulty(in) working out the maths problems. 我算出算些数学问题有困难 have trouble(in) doing sth做某事有麻烦 have problems(in) doing sth做某事有问题 have fun(in) doing sth做某事有乐趣13.hurt 1.vt. 伤害 You shouldnt hurt it. 2. vi.(身体部位)疼痛 My stomach hurts because I have eaten too many apples. 3.n. 伤痛，伤害，创伤 I mean n
9、o hurt to her feeling.14. hope vt. 希望 +to do/that-clause I hope to see you soon. We hope that we could be back before dinner. hope与wish的区别相同点不同点表示“想，希望”，宾语可为to do,不能为doinghopewish1、+复合宾语，即wish sb. to do sth.hope+that-clause,表示容易实现的愿望wish+that-clause表示不容易实现的愿望，且从句中谓语用虚拟语气在简略回答中，I hope so/not. +双宾语，表祝
10、愿 沙场练兵：1) I _to visit Guilin.2) I _ you to go.3) I _youll be better soon.4) I_I were ten years younger.5) I_ you a happy New Year!6) Tomorrow itll be sunny, wont it?-I_ so.考点21.（1）+to do（宾语）want(想) agree(同意) offer(提供) promise(承诺)plan(计划) decide(决定) pretend(假装) try(努力)wish/hope(希望) fail(失败)【记忆】某人想同意提
11、供承诺计划，但却决定假装努力，所以他的希望失败了！（2）+sb to do(宾补)want(想) force/get(使) tell/ask/order(叫/命令),remind(提醒) advise(建议) encourage(鼓励) persuade(说服),【记忆】（想死叫命令）想使，叫命令；提醒建议，鼓励说服2.注意：动词不定式符号 “to” 的省略的情况： (1) 在使役动词have, let, make之后。 (2) 在感官动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice, observe, listen to, look at之后。 (3) 在why和why no
12、t之后。 (4) 在其他结构之中。如：had better do sth.would rather do sth.help sb. (to) do sth.help (to) do sth.等。 三、课堂运用Choices：( ) 1. My parents agree _ us to the cinema. A. with B. to take C. on to take D. taking( ) 2. Try _ worried! A. to not to be B. not to be C. not be D. to be not( ) 3. The sun and its planet
13、s _ the solar system. A. is called B. call C. are called D. calls( ) 4. The old man lives _ but he isnt _ at all. A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely( ) 5. This famous painting _ him a lot of money. A. paid B. cost C. spent D. pays( ) 6. Today Mary _ a new dress. How
14、beautiful! A. is wearing B. is having on C. is putting on( ) 7. The room is _ audience. The speech is starting soon. A. filled of B. full of C. full with( ) 8. My father often sleeps with the windows _. A. opened B. opening C. open( ) 9. The student _ Jack is waiting for you. A. calling B. calls C.
15、called( ) 10. Her parents died in the earthquake, _ her an orphan（孤儿）. A. to leave B. left C. leaving( ) 11. Is _ here? No, Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leave（请假了）. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody( ) 12. The man asked “Do you have _ to say?” A. anything important B. important some
16、thing C. something important D. important anything( ) 14. “Dont always make Michael _ this or that. He is already a big boy, dear,” Mr Brush said to his wife. A. do B. to do C. does D. did( ) 15. The meeting room is big enough _ one hundred people.A. holding B. hold C. to hold D. holds( ) 16. Would
17、you please pass me the knife _?A. to cut the watermelon with B. to cut the watermelon C. cutting the watermelon D. cutting the watermelon with( ) 17. It is better to teach a man to fish than _ him fish.A. giving B. to give C. gives D. gave( ) 18. Jenny is interested in _ in her free time.A. listened
18、 to the radio B. reading magazines C. watch TV D. plays tennis( ) 19. The policeman warned the young man_ after drinking.A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive( ) 20. What do you think is the best way _the wild animals?A. protecting B. to protect C. protected D. protect(
19、 ) 21. Id rather _ on the land _ in a factory.A. work; than work B. work; work C. to work; than to work D. to work; to work( ) 22. My grandfather is used _ a hat in winter.A. to wear B. for wearing C. wearing D. to wearing( ) 23. She is _with her mother this afternoon.A. going to shopping B. going s
20、hopping C. going to be shopping D. go to shop( ) 24 Im sorry _ you enough help.A. have given B. of not giving C. not to have givenD. to have given( ) 25. Her brother was _ (愤怒)at her words.A. annoy B. annoying C. annoyed D. being annoying( ) 26. After the earthquake, almost all the windows are _.A.
21、break B. broke C. broken D. breaking( ) 27. They are looking forward to _ all over the world.A. travel B. traveled C. traveling D. be traveled( ) 28. Would you mind _ because therere so many children _ here?A. smoke; play B. smoking; playing C. not smoking; playD. not smoking; playing( ) 29. Her hob
22、by is _ model planes.A. collectedB. collecting C. made D. make( ) 30. The man pretended _ when we saw him.A.to be eaten B. eating C. being eating D. to be eating 四、作业词汇中文英文中文英文中文英文筹募，增加 病 愉快 准许 组织 平静 丧失能力的 表达 疼痛 青少年 痛苦 勇气 主动提出 孤独的 情绪 受苦 友情 付费 严重的 困难 社区 短语中文英文中文英文需要帮助的 做某事有困难 义务性工作 使振奋；使鼓起勇气 报请批准 情绪高
23、涨 帮助某人 身体状况良好/较差 伤残者 目的在于；为了 筹集善款 年龄从岁到岁 敬老院 无法做某事 因受苦；受折磨 上学 用某物做某事 第一个 继续做某事 U1一.首字母填空。1.The old man is very poor, so the volunteers are trying to r_ money for him.2.Young people should always o_ their seats to the elders on the bus.3.Nothing s_ happened to me. Dont worry.4.The old woman lives alo
24、ne and she always feels i_ .5.The doctors havent found out what causes this i _.6.They jumped with j_ when they heard the good news.7.I fell off the tree and there was a p_ on my back.8.Stop fighting! Lets live in p_.9.I p_ 30 yuan for the book.10. I fell over this morning. Luckily, I didnt h_ mysel
25、f.二.完成句子。1.我们应该尽力帮助那些需要帮助的人。 We should try our best to help those_ _.2.如果你想使用这台电脑，请先报请批准。 If you want to use this computer, you should_ _ first.3.汤姆的爸爸遭受癌症折磨已经一年了。 Toms father_ _ _cancer for a year.4.他很伤心。我们应该做点什么来让他振奋精神。 He is very sad. We should do something to_ _ _5.你应该每天早晨大声朗读英语以提高你的口语。 You shou
26、ld read English aloud every morning_ _ _ improve your oral English.三.单选。1.Whats your dream, Peter?-I hope_ an engineer and design lots of building in the future.A. become B. became C. to becoming D. to become2.What do you think of Lily?-She is a friendly person. She always offers_ me when Im in trou
27、ble.A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped3.The kid asked her mother_ him a story.A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. to telling4.I dont know what_ for her.A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. to buying5.The boss made them_ the whole night. A. work B. to work C. working D. to working 课后巩固与练习：1. 用作宾语 (v. + to
28、 do ) I want to buy a computer.need to do learn to do agree to doplan to do decide to do refuse to dobegin to do start to do try to doforget to do remember to do like to doStop to do go on to do2. 用作宾语补足语：(v. + sb. + to do )She asked me to help herwant sb. to do wish sb. to do get sb. to do order sb
29、. to do find sb. to be force sb. to do作宾语补足语不带to 的情况：常见动词有：使役动词: let, make, have感官动词: see, watch, hear, feel, listen to比较：I heard her singing in the next room.I heard her sing in the next room.3. 用作目的状语He came to show me his new CD player. (目的)一、单选( ) 1. The teacher told them _ make so much noise. A
30、. dont B. not C. will not D. not to( ) 2. Mrs. Smith warned(警告) her daughter _ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive( ) 3. The doctor asked the patient _rich food after the operation(手术). A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating( ) 4. The
31、workers want us _ together with them. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked( ) 5. I saw him _ out of the room. A. go B. went C. is going D. goes( ) 6. - The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. turned it off( ) 7. We agreed _ here
32、. A. met B. meeting C. to meet D. meet( ) 8. Frank is the kind of person who people like to _. A. make friend with B. make friends ofC. make friends D. make friends with( ) 9. Go on _ the other exercise after you finish this one. A. to do B. doing C. doesD. did( ) 10. She reached the top of the hill
33、 and stopped _ on a big rock A. rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest( ) 11. He was too excited _. A. speak B. to speak C. not to speak D. speaking( ) 12. Im hungry. Get me something _. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. for eating( ) 13. She couldnt decide which restaurant _. A. to have lunch B. to eat C
34、. to eat at D. eating at( ) 14. The chair looks very old, I want a new one _ .A. sit B. to sit on C. sat D. sit on( ) 15. Im afraid they would not allow（允许） him _ here .A. to smoke B. smoking C. smokes D. smoke( ) 16. Do you mind my _ here? -_. Look at the sign. It says, “No, smoking”. A. to smoke,
35、Of course not B. smoking, Youd better not C. to smoke, No, I dont D. smoking, Never mind( ) 17. Oh, I had a terrible toothache. -Youd better _ see s doctor and have your bad teeth _ out. A. go to, pulled B. to go to, pulled C. go to, pulling D. to go to, pulling( ) 18. I prefer _ at home to _ outsid
36、e. A. to stay, playing B. to stay, play C. staying, play D. staying, playing( ) 19. Doctor Wang often asks us _ too much meat. A. dont eat B. not eat C. not to eat D. doesnt eat( ) 20. All my classmates are busy _ ready for PE test. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got( ) 21. Lets stop _ a rest. Well
37、begin again after 10 minutes. A. have B. having C. to have D. has( ) 22. Its a nice day. What about _ our dog after supper? A. to walk B. walked C. walk D. walking( ) 23. He likes _ table tennis but he doesnt like _ today. A. to play, to play B. playing, playing C. playing, to play D. to play, playi
38、ng( ) 24. Peter is busy _ at school, but he never forgets _ exercise every day. A. working, doing B. working, to doC. at work, doing( ) 25. You can never imagine the great difficulty I had _ her QQ number. A. to get B. getting C. got D. not to get( ) 26. What about _ hiking this Sunday? -Great. Id l
39、ike _ with you. A. to go, going B. going, going C. going, to go( ) 27. Many people think its important _ us _ learn English well. A. for, toB. to, to C. with, for( ) 28. My dad bought me a new MP 4, but I dont know_. -Lets read the instructions. A. what to use B. which one to use C. how to use it D.
40、 when to use it( ) 29. Drivers are warned _ when they are tired. A. to drive B. not drive C. not to drive( ) 30. Students should pay attention to _ the teacher in class. A. hear B. listen to C. listening to D. hearing of( ) 31. Alice asked me _ another bag for her. A. get B got C. to get D. getting(
41、 ) 32.My parents agree_ us to the cinema. A. with B. to take C. on to take D. taking( ) 19.Try_ worried! A. to not to be B. not to be C. not be D. to be not( ) 33.“Dont always make Michael_ this or that. He is already a big boy, dear,” Mr Brush said to his wife. A. do B. to do C. does D. did( ) 34. The meeting room is big enough _ one hundred people. A. holding B. hold C. to hold D. holds( ) 35. Would you pleas
