1、（英语）高考英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Melinda Skaar wasnt expecting any phone calls. Skaar was working late in her office at the First Internet bank of California. By 10:45 that night she was almost ready to go home when the phone rang. Picking it up, she heard a guard shouting, There is a fire! Get
2、 out of there. Skaar didnt panic. She figured that it was just a small fire. Her office building was huge. There were 62 floors and her desk was on the 37th floor. Skaar called out to office mate Stephen Oksas, who also stayed late to work. But when they got out to the hallway, they were met by a cl
3、oud of black smoke. Rushing back, Skaar shut the door and filled the space at the bottom of the door with her jacket to keep the smoke out. Then they called 911. Before they could call their families, however, the line went dead. That meant that they were completely cut off from the outside world. A
4、ll they could do was wait and hope someone would come to rescue them. Minutes ticked by. Smoke began to float into the office. Soon it became hard for them to breathe. Looking around, Skaar noticed a small workroom. It seemed to have cleaner air. So they crowded there. That helped for a while, but i
5、n time even the workroom was filled with deadly smoke. Hopeless, they tried to break the windows, but the glass was not breakable. Everything they threw at it just bounced back. Defeated, they struggled back to the workroom. They felt weak and dizzy. Soon Skaar found Oksas had passed out. As Skaar a
6、nd Oksas lay near death, rescuers were rushing to find them. At last, at about 4 a.m., firefighters found them. Skaar and Oksas knew they were lucky to be alive. Sunday is my birthday, Skaar told a reporter. She would be turning 29, but she knew she had already got the best present possiblethe gift
7、of life.（1）What did Skaar and Oksas do when they were stopped by the fire? A.they tried to run down the stairs.B.they called their families.C.they waited where they were.D.they rushed back and shut the door.（2）The following helped Skaar and Oksas survive the fire except . A.calling 911 for helpB.shu
8、tting the door and keeping the smoke out with a jacketC.breaking the windows to get some fresh airD.crowding in a small workroom for clean air（3）What can we conclude from Skaars action in the fire? A.she was trained as a firefighter.B.she was cleverer than Oksas.C.she had had the experience of being
9、 caught in fire.D.she remained calm in the face of danger.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了两个女孩由于大火被困在36层的大楼内，面对危险她们临危不惧，终于安然脱险，幸免于难的故事。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“But when they got out to the hallway, they were met by a cloud of black smoke. Rushing back, Skaar shut the door and filled the space at the b
10、ottom of the door with her jacket to keep the smoke out.”可知他们走到走廊时想下楼时，一团黑烟迎面扑来。他们赶紧跑回去关上门，用她的夹克填满了门底部的空隙，把烟挡在外面。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Skaar shut the door and filled the space at the bottom of the door with her jacket to keep the smoke out.”；第二段中的“Then they called 911.”；以及第三段中的“Skaar noticed a small
11、 workroom. It seemed to have cleaner air. So they crowded there.”可知在火灾中Skaar and Oksas为了生存做的事，C项没有，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Rushing back, Skaar shut the door and filled the space at the bottom of the door with her jacket to keep the smoke out. Then they called 911. Looking around, Skaar noticed a small
12、 workroom. It seemed to have cleaner air. So they crowded there.和they tried to break the windows,”这些Skaar的行为可知，面对火灾她保持镇静，从容面对。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 A fourth-grade teacher allowed one of her students to shave her head in the schoolyard, after
13、 bullies（仗势欺人者）teased him about his own short buzz cut（短寸头发型）. Tori Nelson got the idea after noticing that Matthew Finney, a shy boy from her homeroom at Winlock Miller Elementary School in Washington state, was standing outside his classroom crying and wearing a winter hat. Ms. Nelson could see th
14、e back of his neck had been shaved, and since Matthew usually had very thick brown curly hair, she realized that hed had a haircut over the weekend. She asked him what was wrong, and he said hed gotten a buzz cut for the summer. But this morning, a fifth grader on the bus made fun of him, and he did
15、nt want to come to class and get teased by other kids. Ms Nelson tried to convince Matthew to come inside, but since school rules prohibit kids from wearing hats indoors he refused explaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut to the other children in case they also made fun of him. Finally I
16、 said: If you take off your hat and come to class, Ill let you give me a buzz cut, too, Ms Nelson told Yahoo Parenting. I figured its just hair, and mine is already short anyway. I might as well get it shorter in time for the warm weather. Matthew excitedly took her up on the offer, and Ms Nelson an
17、d another teacher gathered all the fourth graders together during break time. A school employee brought in scissors, which Matthew used to the cheers of his classmates, excitedly watching as his teachers hair fell away onto the ground in the schoolyard. It was a lot of fun for the kids, and it helpe
18、d Matthew feel better about himself, said Ms Nelson. You have to do what it takes to reach children. Teaching isnt just about reading and writing, its about self-esteem and accepting differences.（1）What mainly led to Matthews standing outside the classroom? A.His fear of being laughed at.B.His willi
19、ngness to learn.C.His violating school rules.D.His not finishing his homework.（2）Why did Ms. Nelson have her head shaved? A.To show sympathy for Matthew.B.To comfort and encourage Matthew.C.To prepare for the warm weather.D.To show her unique personality.（3）What is Ms Nelson like? A.responsible and
20、caringB.knowledgeable and creativeC.Humorous and easygoingD.Strong and determined（4）What is the best title for the passage? A.The real meaning of teachingB.Stand up to school bullyingC.Teach kids to respect differencesD.A haircut full of love【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Matthew由于害怕同学们嘲笑自己的头
21、发不敢进教室，老师Tori Nelson安慰他，并和他一起剪了头发。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But this morning, a fifth grader on the bus made fun of him, and he didnt want to come to class and get teased by other kids.和explaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut to the other children in case they also made fun of him.”可知Matthew在教室
22、外哭泣不敢进去是因为害怕同学们嘲笑他。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据老师Tori Nelson和学生一起剪头发和最后一段中的“It was a lot of fun for the kids, and it helped Matthew feel better about himself, 和Teaching isnt just about reading and writing, its about self-esteem and accepting differences.”可知Tori Nelson老师这样做是为了给学生安慰和鼓励，培养学生的自尊。故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段
23、中的“Ms Nelson tried to convince Matthew to come inside.老师对学生说的“If you take off your hat and come to class, Ill let you give me a buzz cut ,too,和最后一段中的“It was a lot of fun for the kids, and it helped Matthew feel better about himself,”可知Tori Nelson老师对学生负责任，关心学生。故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。本文讲述了Matthew由于害怕同学们嘲笑自己的头发
24、不敢进教室，老师Tori Nelson安慰他，并和他一起剪头发的故事，表现了老师既负责又有爱心。D. A haircut full of love概括了本文内容，表达了本文主题，适合作为本文标题。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Google is consistently rated the best place to work. So you need a degree from Harvard to in the d
25、oor, right? Not really, according to Laszlo Bock, Googles Head of People Operations. When the company was small, Google cared a lot about getting kids from Harvard, Stanford, MIT and many other Ivy League schools. But Bock said it was the wrong hiring strategy. Experience has taught him there are ex
26、ceptional kids at many other places, from state schools in California to New York. What we find is the best people from places like that are just as good, if not better, as anybody you can get from any Ivy League school, said Bock, who just authored a book titled Work Rules! Every year, 2 million pe
27、ople apply to get a job at Google. Bock himself has seen some 25, 000 rsums. So what else does Google not care about: Grades: Googles data shows that grades predict performance for the first two years of a career, but do not matter after that. Brain-teasers: Gone are interview questions such as: Why
28、 are manhole covers（井盖)round? or How many golf balls can fit in a school bus? Our research tells us those questions are a waste of time, Bock said Theyre a really coachable skill. The more you practice, you get better at it. Heres what Google does care about: Problem solvers: Your cognitive ability(
29、认知能力), or how well you solve problems. Leaders: The idea is not whether you were president of the student body or vice president of the bank, but rather: When you see a problem do you step in, help solve it, and then critically, Are you willing to step out and let somebody else take over, and make r
30、oom for somebody else? Are you willing to give up power? Googleyness: Thats what Google calls its cultural fit. Its not Are you like us? Bock said. We actually look for people who are different, because diversity gives us great ideas. Whats most important is that people are intellectually humble, wi
31、lling to admit when theyre wrong, and care about the environment around them because we want people who think like owners not employees, Bock said. The least important thing? Knowing how to do the job. We figure if you get the first three right youll figure it out most of the time.（1）What does Bock
32、mean in Paragraph 2? A.People from state schools can be as good.B.Google no longer hires people from Ivy League schools.C.Hiring is a hard job for Google.D.State schools are worse than Ivy League ones.（2）Which question belongs to a brain-teaser? A.What are your grades like?B.What is the significance
33、 of figuring out target users?C.How would you improve a Google product?D.How much toilet paper is needed to cover Texas?（3）Who is a qualified leader according to Google? A.One eager for power.B.One capable of working independently.C.One willing to step aside.D.One operating an organization.（4）What i
34、s Googleyness? A.Being unique.B.Being adaptable.C.Being qualified.D.Being loyal.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了比起文凭和学历，谷歌更看重什么。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Experience has taught him there are exceptional kids at many other places, from state schools in California to New York.”可知Bock的意思是经验告诉他，在一些别的地方，
35、比如加利福尼亚或纽约的公立学校中，也会有一些天赋超常的人才，故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据“Brain-teasers: Gone are interview questions such as: Why are manhole covers（井盖)round? or How many golf balls can fit in a school bus?Our research tells us those questions are a waste of time,Bock saidTheyre a really coachable skill. The more you practic
36、e, you get better at it.”智力问答：谷歌不再出这样的面试题了：为什么井盖是圆的？或者是：多少个高尔夫球能装满一辆校车？博克说：“我们的调查显示，这么问纯粹是浪费时间。因为这些是能够通过训练提高的技能，你练习得越多，就能答得更好。”由此推断出“覆盖德克萨斯州需要多少卫生纸”这是一个脑筋急转弯，故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据“Leaders:The idea is not whether you were president of the student body or vice president of the bank,but rather:When you see
37、a problem do you step in,help solve it,and then critically，Are you willing to step out and let somebody else take over，and make room for somebody else?Are you willing to give up power?”这不是说你得是学生会主席或是银行副总理，而是“当你遇到问题时能不能介入，帮助解决问题”。然后是眼光要犀利，“可以退出来让别人接管吗？能够让位于别人吗？可以放弃权力吗？”，由此可知依据谷歌的说法，一个愿意退让的人是一个合格的领导者，
38、故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据Googleyness: Thats what Google calls its cultural fit. Its notAre you like us?Bock said.We actually look for people who are different，because diversity gives us great ideas.” 这点被谷歌称作文化契合度。它并不是“你和我们一样吗？”博克说：“事实上，我们在寻找和我们不一样的人，因为多样性能给谷歌带来卓越的想法。由此推知独一无二的人是具有谷歌精神的人，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判
39、断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 When I was a child, our dining room had two kinds of chairs two large ones with arm rests and four small ones without. The larger ones stood at the ends of the table, the smaller ones on the sides. Mom and Dad sat in the big chairs, except
40、when one of us was away; then Mom would sit in one of the smaller chairs. Dad always sat at the end, at the head of the table. Sitting where he did, Dad was framed by the window through which the yard could be seen with its trees and grass. His chair was not just a place for him at table; it was a p
41、lace in which he was situated against the yard and the trees. It was the holy(神圣的)and protected place that was his, and ours through him. After Dad retired, he and Mom moved out into a small flat. When thy came to visit me at their old house, Dad still sat at the end of the table though the table wa
42、s no longer his but mine. Only with my marriage to Barbara, did I hear a voice questioning the arrangement. She requested, gently but firmly, that I sit at the head of the table in our home. I realized then that I was head of the family, but I also felt unwilling to introduce such a change. How woul
43、d I feel sitting in that head place in my Dads presence? And how would he handle it? I was to find out on the occasion of our youngest childs first birthday. Mom and Dad arrived for lunch, and went into the dining room. Dad moved toward his usual seat in front of the window. Before he could get arou
44、nd the side of the table, I took a deep breath and said, Dad, this is going to be your place, next to Mom, on the side. He stopped, looked at me and then sat down. I felt sad, and angry at Barbara for pushing me to do this. It would have been easy to say, My mistake, Dad. Sit where you always sit, B
45、ut I didnt. When he and Mom were seated, Barbara and I took our places. I dont know how Dad felt. I do know that, though removed from his usual place, he continued to share his best self with us, telling stories of his childhood and youth to the delight of his grandchildren. As I served the food, ou
46、r lives experienced a change, which we continue to live with. It wasnt easy, but I sense that there is also something good in the change which has occurred. I am beginning to learn that honoring ones father is more than the question of which place to occupy at the dining table. It also means listening, wherever we sit and whatever positions we own, to the stories Dad longs to tell. We may then, during these magical moments, even be able to forget about whose chair is whose.
