1、必2重点单词和短语汇总Unit41、likely adj. 有可能的，有希望的；adv. 或许，很可能It is likely to do sth. 可能做某事sb. / sth. be likely to do sth. 某人/某物可能做某事It is likely that 很可能It is likely that the thieves dont know how much it is worth. 盗贼们可能不知道它的价值。Not likely! 不可能!2. imagine v. 想象词汇拓展：imagination n. 想象力imaginable adj. 可想象的，能想象到的i
2、maginary adj. 幻想的，虚构的imaginative adj. 富于想象力的，创新的短语拓展：imagine sth. 想象某事imagine doing sth. 想象做某事I cant imagine living alone on the lonely island. 我无法想象独自一人生活在那个孤岛上。imagine sb. / ones doing sth. 想象某人做某事imagine sb. to be 想象某人是3. harm vt. 伤害，损害；n. 伤害，损害词汇拓展：harmful adj. （对）有害的；导致伤害的harmless adj. 无害的；不会导致
3、损伤的短语拓展：harm sb. / sth. 伤害某人/某物do/cause harm to sb. = do/ cause sb./sth. harm 对某人/某物有害be harmful to 对有害易混辨析：harm: 伤害，强调对有害hurt: 弄伤，指肉体，精神或感情上的伤害injure: 损伤，指损害健康、名誉等功能的伤害damage: 损害，对物的价值、用途造成损害wound: 伤口，刀伤、枪伤等皮肉之伤4. affect vt. 影响，感染；（疾病）侵袭，使感动词汇拓展：affection n. 喜爱，钟爱；（pl.）爱情affected adj. 受影响的；受（疾病）侵袭的
4、短语拓展：be affected by 被所感动；受影响be affected with 患上疾病affect sb. to tears 把某人感动的流泪5. attract vt. / n. 攻击，袭击；（病等）侵袭短语拓展：under attract 遭到袭击Once again we came under attack from enemy fighter planes. 又一次我们遭到敌人战斗机的攻击。heart attract 心脏病make an attract on/upon 对发起进攻We made an attract on the enemy at midnight. 午夜
5、时分我们向敌人发起进攻。attract sb. 袭击某人6. offer vt. 提供，提议，给予，出价；n. 提供，提议，出价短语拓展：offer to do sth. （主动）提出做某事offer sb. sth. 为某人提供某物offer sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物accept ones offer 接受某人的建议易混辨析：offer: 提供，指主动提供provide: 提供，出于责任向别人提供必需品supply: 供应，指供应生产资料，对象是国家，市场等7. fancy v. 想要做，幻想短语拓展：fancy (ones) doing 想象（某人）做Fancy sittin
6、g in the sun all day. 想象整天坐在太阳底下。fancy that 认为，想象8. suggestion n. 建议make/offer/give a suggestion 提供一条建议The teacher offered us a suggestion that we should have enough sleep. 老师建议我们应该有充足的睡眠。ask for/call for/invite a suggestion 征求一条建议at/on sb.s suggestion 根据某人的建议suggest doing sth. 建议做某事He suggested goi
7、ng out for a walk. 他建议出去散步。suggest sb. / ones doing sth. 建议某人做某事suggest sth. to sb. 向某人建议某事suggest that sb. (should) do 建议suggest that clause （陈述语气）暗示，言下之意是说9. reject vt. 拒绝，不接受短语拓展：reject a gift/an opinion/a suggestion 拒绝接受一件礼物、一条意见、一个建议reject ones request 拒绝某人的请求reject ones offer/help 拒绝某人的帮助10. a
8、rrangement n. 安排，整理短语拓展：make arrangements for 为做好安排The travel company made arrangements for our hotels and flights. 旅游公司为我们安排了旅馆和航班。make an arrangement with 与商定或约定come to an arrangement 达成协议arrange sth. 安排某事arrange to do sth. 安排做某事arrange (for sb.) to do sth. 安排（某人）做某事Ive arranged for a teacher to h
9、elp your son with his English. 我已经安排了一位老师帮助你儿子学英语。arrange (with sb.) to do sth. （与某人）约定干某事arrange that 商定11. make up 编造，组成，化妆，凑数短语拓展：make up for 补偿，弥补Hard work can work up for a lack of intelligence. 勤能补拙。make out 辨认出make at 扑向，攻击make for 有助于，有利于make sense 有道理（意义），讲得通12. come true 实现短语拓展：come about
10、发生come across 偶然碰见；被理解come out 出来，出版come through 经受而活过来come to 达到，总计为come up 发生，被提及The subject came up in the conversation. 谈话中提到了这个话题。come up with 想出He came up with a new idea for increasing sales. 他想出了一个增加销售量的新主意。come on 快点，得了吧，加油13. connect to（使）连接The corridor connects to the living room. 走廊与客厅相连
11、。短语拓展：connectwith 与有联系be connected with 与有关系14. as if 好像，仿佛考点释义：as if = as though 引导标语从句：It looks /seems as if.as if 后接“主语+系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词，只剩下名词、不定式、形容词（短语）、介词短语或分词。例：He acts as if (he were) a fool. 他表现得像个傻子。as if从句的语气as if从句用陈述语气的情况：当说话者所述是事实或极有可能发生或存在的事。It looks as if it is going to rain. 看来要下雨了。
12、as if从句用虚拟语气的情况：说话人所述与事实相反或发生的可能性不大。Gary was behaving as if nothing had happened. Gary的举止行为好像之前什么也没发生一样。15. find out 发现，获知，查出Can you find out what time the train leaves? 你能查问出火车什么时候开吗？16. get in touch (with) 和取得联系考点释义：强调状态：be in touch (with) 与有联系Are you sill in touch with your friends from college?
13、你和大学的同学还有联系吗？be out of touch (with) 与没联系stay/keep in touch (with) 与保持联系强调动作：get in touch (with) 与取得联系It is very difficult to get in touch with those old friends overseas. 与海外的那些老友取得联系是很困难的。lose touch (with) 与失去联系bring into/in touch (with) 使接触17. hang on (=hold on) （电话用语）别挂断；抓紧；别放弃，坚持Hang on with you
14、r hands, and I will lift you up. 用手紧紧抓住，我会拉你上来。短语拓展：hang about 闲荡，逗留hang down 下垂hang out 常去某处hang up 挂断电话；悬挂hang on to 紧紧抓住，保留hang about （在某处附近）等待，逗留18. be up to 从事，是的职责；由决定Its up to you to decide whether to leave or to stay. 是走还是留你说了算。19. Its + adj. + that从句句型剖析：Its + adj. + that从句，该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主
15、语是that引导的主语从句。用于此句型的常见形容词有：possible, strange, natural, necessary, important, likely, fortunate, obvious等。例：It is strange that nobody knows where he has gone. 很奇怪没有人知道他去了哪儿？20. 使役动词make句型剖析：使役动词用法常考，常见的这类动词有：have, get, make, let, leave等。make表示“使，使得”时，一般用于“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中：make +宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语/名词/省略t
16、o的不定式/过去分词。例：Computer make it easier to learn English. 电脑使学习英语更容易。温馨提示：make sb. do sth. 结构的被动形式为sb. be made to do sth. Unit51.add to 增加，增添短语拓展：addto 把加到上Will you add more sugar to you coffee? 你的咖啡要多加些糖吗？add to 使增加，使扩大His coming added to our pleasure. 他的到来增添了我们的快乐。add up 把加起来add up to 总共是，结果是Remember
17、: little steps add up to big dreams. 记住：点滴积累成就大梦想。2. disappointing adj. 令人失望的词汇拓展：disappoint vt. （使）失望disappointment n. 失望，令人失望的人（事）disappointed adj. （人）感到失望的短语拓展：be disappointed at/with 对失望be disappointed to do sth. 做很失望be disappointed that-clause 对失望to ones disappointment 令人失望的是3. effect n. 结果，效应，
18、作用，影响词汇拓展：effective adj. 有效的affect v. 影响，感动短语拓展：have an effect/effects on 对有影响What he said has a deep effect on my last decision. 他说的话深深影响了我的最终决定。put/bring sth. into effect 使生效come in effect 开始生效The new law will come into effect next month. 新的法规将在下个月生效。in effect 事实上，实际上，有效cause and effect 因果4. be us
19、ed to 习惯于，适应Now some people are used to living a low-carbon life. 现在一些人习惯于过低碳生活。短语拓展：be/get/become used to (doing) sth. 习惯于（做）某事be used to do sth. （某物）被用来做某事Coal is used to keep people warm in winter in this area. 这里人们冬天用煤来取暖。used to do sth. 过去常常做某事You used to smoke a pipe, didnt you? 你过去一向是吸烟斗的，对不对
20、？be used as 被当成来用be used for sth. 被用于5. come out 出现，显露，（消息，真相等）被获知，出版，发表短语拓展：come about 发生come across 偶然碰到，被理解come on 加油，快点come to 总计，说起来，达到某种情况或状态，到达come along 到达，出现，跟着来come up with 想出，提出come up 被提及，发生6. perform vt. & vi. 表演，演奏，做，履行，执行词汇拓展：performance n. 表演，履行performer n. 表演者，执行者，演出者短语拓展：perform a
21、trick 表演特技perform an experiment 做实验perform ones promise 履行承诺7. It is/was since 自从以来多长时间了或出现了某种状态句型剖析：It is/was since 表示“自从以来多长时间了或出现了某种状态”，注意it后面的谓语动词一般是be，它也可以用其完成时，即It has beensince。考点释义：It is/has been + 时间段 + since 如果从句中是非延续性动词，表示自从开始以来（到现在）有多长时间了。从句中用一般过去时。 It is/has been + 时间段 + since 如果从句中是延续性
22、动词，表状态的动词或be动词，则表示自从动作结束以来有多久了。sb. Has been doing sth. + since 自从以来，主语已经 从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成进行时。例：Its three years since he joined the army. 从他参军到现在已经三年了。Its three years since he was in the army. 他不在部队/退伍已经三年了。She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 她从八岁起就开始打网球了。8. award n. 将，奖品 v. 授予，判给，奖给短语拓展
23、：receive/win/get an award for sth. 因某事获得奖项award sb. sth. for 因奖给某人某人award sb. sth. 奖给/颁发给某人某物award sth. to sb. 把某物奖励/颁发给某人易混辨析：award: 指正式地或官方地“颁发，授予，给予”；也可以指法庭判决给予。He was awarded an Oscar award for 2009. 这部电影获得了2009年的一项奥斯卡奖。reward: “报答，报偿，奖赏”，表示由于做了某事而应该得到某种东西。The fireman received a reward a reward
24、for saving the childrens life. 因为救了小孩的命，消防员得到一个奖励。prize:“奖赏，奖金，奖品”，尤指在比赛中获得荣誉。 I won the first prize in the painting competition. 我获得了绘画比赛的一等奖。9. impress vt. 使（人）印象深刻词汇拓展：impressive adj. 令人赞叹的，令人敬佩的impression n. 印象短语拓展：impress sb. with sth. 给留下深刻的好印象impress sth. on/upon sb. 使意识到（重要性或严重性等）= impress o
25、n sb. / sth.be impressed on ones memory/mind 对留下深刻印象His words were impressed on my mind/memory. 他的话印在我的脑海了。make/leave a deep impression on sb. 给某人留下深刻的印象have a good/bad impression on sb. / sth. 对有好的/坏的印象10. pick up （开车）接某人Ill go and pick them up as soon as school finishes. 一放学我就去接他们。11. combine v. （
26、使）结合，联合词汇拓展：combination n. 联合，结合combined adj. 联合的，共同的短语拓展：combine and/with 把与结合起来Its hard to combine family life and career. 很难把家庭生活和事业结合起来。combine with 同结合成一体Theory must be combined with practice. 理论必须同实践相结合。12. play a role in 在中扮演角色短语拓展：play the role/part of 扮演的角色，在中起作用He played the role of Hamlet
27、 in the play. 他在剧中扮演哈姆雷特。play a main role/part/character in 在中扮演主角the leading/lead/minor role 主（配）角13. the first time 引导时间状语从句The first time you listen, try to get the general idea and take notes. 听第一遍时，尽量听懂大意并做笔记。句型剖析：该句中the first time引导时间状语从句，主句是祈使句。在英语中除了the first time“第一次”外，还有一些名词短语可用作连词，引导时间状语从
28、句。如：every time/each time“每次”，(the) next time“下一次”，(the) last time“上次”，the moment/minute/second/instant“一就”等。短语拓展：for the first time指平生第一次做某事或某段时间内第一次做某事，在句中单独作状语。Two students met for the first time at the beginning of the term. 学期之初两个学生首次相遇。it/This is/was the first time(that) “某人第一次做某事”。that可省略，时态必须
29、根据is或was来决定用现在完成时还是过去完成时。This is the first time that I have been to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次去长城。14. represent vt. 代表，象征，描述，主张，声称词汇拓展：representative n. 代表，代表他人者 adj. 典型的，有代表性的representation n. 支持，代表，表现，描绘短语拓展：representas 展示，描绘represent sth. to sb. 向某人说明某事be representative of 是的代表The painting is represe
30、ntative of his works of the period. 这幅画是他妈个时期的作品的代表。15. general n. 将军，上将 adj. 普遍的，一般的，大体的，首席的短语拓展：in general(=generally) 大体上，通常，一般as a general rule 一般而言，通常general(common) knowledge 常识generally speaking 一般来说It is generally believed that 人们普遍认为16. in other words 换句话说，也就是说短语拓展：in a/one word 总之，简言之by wo
31、rd of mouth 口头上keep/break ones word 遵守/违背诺言beyond words 无法用语言表达word for word 逐字的，逐句的have a word with sb. 和某人说句话have words with sb. 和某人吵架17. permission n. 准许，许可，允许短语拓展：ask for permission 请求许可obtain/get permission from sb. 得到某人的许可with/without ones permission 经（未经）某人允许permit vt. & vi. 许可，允许，准许permit sb
32、. To do sth. 允许某人做某事permit doing sth. 允许做某事Unit61. design vt. 设计，构思，绘制的图样，计划 n. 图案，花样，意图短语拓展：design sth. for sth. 为而设计The gloves wew designed for extremely cold climates. 这些手套是为气候寒冷的地区设计的。design sth. to do sth. 设计来做某事These measures are designed to reduce pollution. 采取这些措施旨在降低污染。be designed to do 旨在做
33、某事by design = on purpose 故意的，有意的2. pain n. 痛苦，疼痛 vt. 使痛苦词汇拓展：Painful adj. 疼痛的，痛苦的短语拓展：(be) in pain 疼痛，在苦恼中have a pain in ones leg/back, etc. 腿/背等疼spare no pains (to do sth.) 煞费苦心（做坏事）under pain of sth. 违责受到某种惩罚3. fix v. 将（某物）固定到另一物上；安装短语拓展：fix a post in the ground 把柱子固定在地上fix time/date/place for 为确定
34、时间/日期/地点fix ones eyes/attention on/upon 注视，凝视，集中注意力于He stands by the window, with his eyes fixed on a car outside. 他站在窗户边，眼睛盯着外面的一辆汽车。fix up 修补，修理好，安顿fix on sb./sth. 选定，决定4. leave+宾语+宾语补足语考点释义：这是leave的复合结构，即leave+宾语+宾语补足语，其中leave意为“使处于某种状态”。Leave的复合结构的构成：leave sb./sth. + n./adj./adv.His illness has
35、left very weak. 生病使他很虚弱。leave sb./sth. + 介词短语This left her without a ray of hope. 这使她感到没有一丝希望。leave sb. To doYou can leave me to deal with the matter. 你可以让我去处理这件事。leave sb. Doing His words left us talking all the time. 他的话使我们谈论了一整天。leave sb. DoneThe bad weather left the project half finished. 糟糕的天气使
36、工程只完成了一半。leave sb./sth. + 从句Leave the medicine where the children cant reach it. 把这药放在孩子们够不着的地方。5. valuable adj. 有价值的，宝贵的，贵重的Real friendship is more valuable than money. 真正的友谊比金钱更珍贵。词汇拓展：value n. 价值；用途value n. 重视invaluable = priceless adj. 级宝贵的，极有用的valueless = worthless adj. 无价值的，不值钱的短语拓展：be valuabl
37、e to 对有价值/重要of great valuable to sb. 对某人很有价值6. typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的短语拓展：be typical of 是的典型，是的代表The painting is fairy typical of his early work. 这幅画是他早期作品的典型代表。It is typical of sb. to do sth. 某人一向做；做某事是某人的风格It was typical of him to be so rude. 他一向都是这样粗鲁。7. emphasise v. 强调，重视词汇拓展：emphasis n. 强调短语拓展：
38、emphasise the importance of 强调的重要性He emphasised the importance of daily practice. 他强调了日常训练的重要性。put/place/lay emphasis on 强调with emphasis 强调 8. detail n. 细节，详情 v. 详述，选派词汇拓展：detailed adj. 详细的，细致的短语拓展：further/full details 详细go into details (about/on) 详细叙述He refused to go into details about his plans. 她
39、（极）详细地描述了那次事故for further details 为了知道详细情况in detail 详细地detail sth. to sb. 向某人详细叙述某事9. addto 在上增添/增加Local color added interest to the novel. 地方色彩增加了这部小说的趣味。短语拓展：add fuel to the fire 火上浇油add sth. in 包括某物，把加进去add to(=increase) 增加，增添add sth. up 把加起来add up to 合计为add that 补充说10. ruin v. 毁坏，毁灭 n. 毁坏，破产，废墟考点
40、释义：ruin n. in ruins 毁坏；严重受损；破败不堪In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的十五秒内，一座大城市就成为了一片废墟。bringto ruin 使毁灭；使没落come/fall + to/into ruin 破坏，毁灭ruin v. ruin oneself 自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/名誉易混辨析：destroy: 十分彻底的损坏，一般不可修复。damage: 部分性损坏或破坏，可修复。多用于物。ruin: 把某物损坏到不能修复、不可使用的程度，常用于抽象借喻中。harm: 对人身心健康的伤害或对事物的危害。11. sort of 有几分地，有那么一点短语拓展：sort of=kind of=slightly 有几分，有那么一点It is sort of embarrassing. 这有点叫人难为情。sort of like 可以说是a sort of (=a kind of) 某种，一种all sorts/kinds of 各种各样的of a sort (=of a kind) 同一种类的this/that sort of + n. 这种/那种
