1、福建省四地市2022届高中毕业班第一次质量检测英语试题学校:_姓名：_班级：_考号：_一、阅读理解The capital of a country is often a very populated city where much history has been made due to the high-level political and economic functions that occur there. However, sometimes government leaders decide to move the capital from one city to another
2、. Capital relocation has been done hundreds of times throughout history. The ancient Egyptians, Romans, and Chinese changed their capital frequently.Some countries choose new capitals that are more easily defended in a time of invasion (侵略) or war. Some new capitals are planned and built in previous
3、ly undeveloped areas to promote development. Countries sometimes change their capital because they expect some type of political, social, or economic benefit. They hope and expect that the new capitals will surely develop into cultural treasure and hopefully make the country a more stable place.Here
4、 are capital relocations that have occurred in approximately the last few centuries.AsiaJapanfrom Kyoto to Tokyo 1868Turkeyfrom Istanbul to Ankara 1923Israelfrom Tel Aviv-Jaffo to Jerusalem 1950EuropePolandfrom Krakow to Warsaw 1596Finlandfrom Turku to Helsinki 1812Italyfrom Turin to Florence to Sal
5、erno to Rome 1871The AmericasThe USfrom New York to Washington 1800Jamaicafrom Port Royal to Spanish Town to Kingston 1872OceaniaNew Zealandfrom Auckland to Wellington 18651Why did some countries decide to move the capital?ATo further expand their land.BTo uncover ancient treasure.CTo develop undeve
6、loped areas.DTo declare war on another country.2Which country was the earliest to move its capital?ATurkey.BPoland.CThe United Sate.DNew Zealand.3What do Italy and Jamaica have in common?AThey moved the capitals more than once.BTheir capitals were destroyed in the war.CThey moved their capitals in t
7、he same year.DTheir capitals moved because of the economy.Its no secret that college is expensive. I received financial aid, and I was able to cover the cost of enrollment, books, supplies, course materials, and additional school-related fees. But I could not afford housing, transportation, food, he
8、althcare, or other basic necessities. The longer each semester went on, the harder the choices became.When spring semester ended that first year at college, I had good grades, but I did not have two quarters to my name. I decided that if I could afford to be a full-time student, I would need to work
9、 a full-time job. Soon, I started working at the airport as a cleaner of aircraft cabins. My first shift at the airport was a graveyard shift, where I detailed aircraft of varying sizes. During this total night shift, I have to do “deep cleaning”, which meant cleaning everything and even I had to ch
10、eck every safety compartment and replace any missing items. This could be disgusting work.Another fact upset me a lot that working at the airport and going to school did not fit easily together. Some days 1 was too exhausted after a night shift to get to class. Other days I didnt have time to comple
11、te school assignments owing to a busy workday. At the end of the fall semester, I received a final warning for my attendance at my job. Once again, I was between a rock and a hard place and had to make a decision. I wanted to go to school and excel, but I also had grown accustomed to financially sup
12、porting myself.Ultimately, I chose to temporarily stop going to school and to continue working, a decision. I would later regret. The airline closed for various reasons. I felt stupid. I had put a lot into this job, even sacrificing my education, and now I would have neither job nor education. Id fi
13、nally learned what my grandmother meant when she once said that your job is temporary, and your education is forever.4What can we infer about the author from paragraph 1?AHe met with a long boring semester.BFood accounted for his biggest expense.CHe left himself financially embarrassed.DHis financia
14、l aid could cover his necessities.5What does the underlined word “detailed” in paragraph 2 most probably mean?ACleaned.BListed.CRepaired.DReplaced.6Which of the following best describes the author in paragraph 3?AConfused.BCritical.CDecisive.DDiligent.7What is conveyed in the text?AHe who makes no m
15、istakes makes nothing.BNothing is difficult to the man who will try.COne should be financially supported by himself.DThe significance of schooling should be recognized.After a three-year delay, M+，Hong Kongs museum dedicated to Chinese visual culture, opened to the public It contains an astonishing
16、collection of art with works by some celebrities. The former Executive Director, Lars Nittve, sees M+ as equally as New Yorks MoMA or the Centre Pompidou in Paris, in terms of depth and cultural importance.M+ wouldnt have been possible without Swiss businessman and art collector Uli Sigg, who in 201
17、2 donated and sold 1,510 Chinese contemporary works of art to the museum. Michael Schindhelms 2016 documentary, The Chinese Lives of Uli Sigg, looked back at Siggs life and how he accumulated his collection to preserve contemporary Chinese art for three decades. In interviews of the film, Sigg prefe
18、rs to view himself as “a researcher of China and of Chinese contemporary art who just happened to buy some of the results of his research.”Chinese Lives follows Siggs life in time order, starting in 1979, the year that he first went to China as a representative of the Swiss elevator manufacturer. In
19、 1995 Sigg became the Swiss Ambassador to China, which lasted until 1999. He was buying art with an objective eye, one towards preserving culture.Moving into the 21st century, Chinese art reached international attention thanks to Siggs efforts. He created the Chinese ContemporaryArt Award, an award
20、that functioned to get artists noticed by important Western artists and galley owner. At the same time, pieces by Chine artists were gaining more and more global reputations.Following Siggs announcement that he will donate a sizable portion of his collection to the soon-to-be-opened M+ museum, Chine
21、se lives ends on a hopeful note for the still-growing art scene in China. The documentary is a good starting point to familiarize oneself with contemporary Chinese art and the man who helped expose it to the world.8Why does the author mention “MoMA” in paragraph 1?ATo enrich our knowledge.BTo memori
22、ze art celebrities.CTo deepen M+ museums popularity.DTo indicate M+ museums significance.9Which identity would Uli Sigg most probably agree with?AA contemporary artist.BA researcher of Chinese art.CA collector of contemporary art.DAn ambassador with artistic taste.10What can we infer from The Chines
23、e Lives of Uli Sigg?ASigg offered money to Chinese artists.BSigg was the director of the documentary.CSigg made great efforts to promote Chinese art.DSigg was the Swiss Ambassador to China in 2000.11What is Uli Sigg like?AHe is strict and ambitious.BHe is caring and creative.CHe is devoted and gener
24、ous.DHe is hopeful and humorous.For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help lessen the effects of a warmer world. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviour.
25、In a paper published inTrends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a professor in Australia, shows that is already happening. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance beak (喙) size has increased by between 4% and 10%since 1871. Similar trends are seen in species of mice and b
26、ats growing bigger ears, tails, legs and wings.All that fits nicely with evolutionary (进化的) theory. “Allens rule”, named after Joe Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附加物) than those in mild areas. Such adaptations boost an a
27、nimals surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to get rid of additional heal. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.Rydings team combined data from different species in different places.
28、Now that they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are
29、 heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.Honestly, studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. That may change as warming accelerates. Every little bit of avoided future temperature inc
30、reases results in less warming that would otherwise stay for essentially forever.12Why do some species grow bigger parts of their body?AThey are following the new trends.BThey have to adapt to warmer climate.CScientists need them to do experiments.DLarger parts tend to help them feed well.13Where ma
31、y warm-blooded animals have bigger body parts?AIn mild areas.BIn hot places.CIn the Arctic.DIn deserted regions.14What do we know about the change in animals from the last two paragraphs?AIt comes at a cost.BIts cause is definite.CIt happens in the same habitat.DIts process will end soon.15What can
32、be a suitable title for the text?ALiving on a Warming PlanetBMeasures to Remove HeatCPioneering Research on AnimalsDEvolution to Survive Heat二、七选五According to The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, laughter has many profound physiological and psychological benefits. It can relax muscles, promo
33、te mental and psychological well-being, etc. But we have become so busy with our daily routines that we rarely laugh. Laughter Online University found that children laugh 300 to 400 times on an average, whereas adults laugh only 17.5 times in a day. _16_ But if you still dont know why you should lau
34、gh, here are some benefits of laughter for you.Reduce stress_17_ There is science behind this. When you get stressed, your body releases hormones. Continuous releases of these hormones may cause anxiety, depression, and heart diseases. But when you laugh, the stress hormones get reduced and helps yo
35、u relieve you stress.Ensure a healthy relationshipMy friend and I used to have issues and never talked for over a month.But suddenly, one day, she sent me a super funny meme (表情包) while on call, and we both laughed at it. Just laughing together made us come closer. _18_Boost your confidence Have you
36、 ever experienced that when you laugh at a fearful situation, you feel more courage and confidence? _19_ Once I had to deliver a speech at a school meeting, and I felt extreme fear.I was sweating in buckets and felt as if the land beneath my feet is shaking. But I tried to talk with a friend and lau
37、ghed for a few seconds just to show myself cool. _20_ I felt as if I could do this and experienced a fantastic sense of confidence.ALaughter is a powerful stress killer.BIf you ask me, I have experienced this.CI had anger issues when I was in school.DThis simple laughter had a significant effect on
38、me.EIt also helps us forget problems and cherish friendship.FLaughter can help you think clearly and more effectively.GNo wonder why we adults suffer mental problems like anxiety.三、完形填空We moved into a new neighborhood in 1990, Andy was pretty much the first person we _21_. He came across the street
39、to _22_ us. Having lived there since 1967, he was warm and kind, full of _23_. He would introduce to us which bakery for cakes, which store for shopping and _24_ the occupations of everyone around us. Andy would proudly and regularly _25_ his veteran (老兵) cap and play music while doing yard work. _2
40、6_ anything, though, he delighted in talking about our kids as much as about his. We watched out for each other. He would _27_ our vegetable gardens when we went on vacation; we gave him some of our _28_ in return. Andy and I would also complain about the big trucks that used our streets as a shortc
41、ut. As more time went by, we didnt see him out _29_ his small dog as often due to his _30_ problem, and wed help with clearing the _31_ in the winter. Those ties continued with time passing by.But the real _32_ of our neighborhoods is their people an Andy, or, in some cases, many Andys. Our neighbor
42、hoods are built on them, and _33_ by their emotional ties. We are better for their _34_, and worse for their absence.Andy died this month. I will miss him, more than he _35_.21AmetBrecalledCthankedDadmired22AtreatBgreetCcriticizeDcomfort23AhappinessBenergyCknowledgeDinformation24AstillBevenCeverDnev
43、er25AwearBexhibitCwaveDhold26ADifferent thanBMore thanCBecause ofDInstead of27Ado damage toBstare atCsit aroundDkeep an eye on28AproduceBcraftsCcakesDmoney29AsellingBfeedingCwalkingDchasing30AhealthBfinancialCpoliticalDmarriage31ArubbishBsmogCsnowDdirt32AwelfareBinfluenceCtieDfaith33ApreventedBsepar
44、atedCwidenedDstrengthened34AinterruptionBperformanceCsituationDpresence35AevaluatesBknowsCforgetsDregrets四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The combination of music and study has long been _36_ source of disagreement between adults and children.Parents and teachers alike maintain that _37
45、_(silent)is important when learning, whereas youngsters insist that _38_(they)favourite sounds help them concentrate.Now a study shows that the _39_(grown-up)have been right all along.Psychologists in Florida tested how fast students wrote essays _40_ and without music in the background .They _41_(f
46、ind)that the sounds slowed progress down by about sixty words per hour. “This demonstrates _42_(clear)that it is difficult to cope with listening and writing at the same time,”said Dr.Sarah.She also came to the conclusion _43_ it is a myth that instrumental music is less disturbing than songs. “All
47、types of music had the same effect,” she said in her report. “Ones ability to pay attention and write fluently is likely _44_ (disturb) by both songs and instrumental music,” she added.Dr. Sarah claimed the research demonstrated that the idea that music could improve performance was wrong. “Writing an essay is a complex task. You _45_ (recall) information and putting it in order. But what is particularly worrying is
