1、Lesson threeThe Use of ForceSESSION ONE:PREVIEW2In May 1963,he was posthumously awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Pictures from Brueghel and Other Poems(1962)and the Gold Medal for Poetry of the National Institute of Arts and Letters.William Carlos WilliamsDiscuss What is the story about?What is the st
2、ory about?Do you think the little girl is spoiled or not?Do you think the little girl is spoiled or not?Is there any difference between the East and Is there any difference between the East and the West when the girls behavior is the West when the girls behavior is concerned?concerned?4Words and exp
3、ressionsApologetic:adj.道歉的 认错的,辩护的 Apologetic MovementJesus Apologetic 耶稣会Apologetic shrug/speech/statementsApologize:v.道歉 认错 for sth to sbApology:n.道歉 a poor apology make/accept an apologyApology acceptedApologist(辩护者，护教论者=defender,justifier)Apprehension n.畏惧，忧虑,逮捕 Be under the apprehension that 唯恐
4、，担心 Entertain/have apprehension(s)of/for:对担心 Apprehend v.逮捕，抓获，领会，理解；对疑虑/担心 Apprehensive,apprehensible Comprehend:理解，包含 Comprehensive:综合的 广泛的 有理解力的 Comprehension:理解 包含 Listening comprehension is an active and complicated cognitive process.Comprehension test Coax:哄劝、劝诱 coax sb.to do sth.诱哄某人去干（某事）coa
5、x sb.into doing sth.诱哄某人去干（某事）coax sth.out of sb.哄骗某人东西 The problem is no one knows how to coax kids into sleeping more.On the fourth day,they said to Samsons wife,“coax your husband into explaining the riddle for us,or we will burn you and your fathers household to death”.Trick Trick sb into doing
6、sth Play a trick on sb;Trick or treat Desist；停止，终止，控制，打消念头 Desist from sth/doing The Ministry of Internal Security urges you to desist from sending or forwarding any SMS that may cause public unrest.Insist：坚持，坚决主张 Insist on/upon sth/doing Even if the host tells you not to bring anything,it is polite
7、 to insist on bringing wine,at least,as a gift in exchange for their hospitality.Resist:抵抗 抗拒 忍耐-resistance Hysterical:歇斯底里的，发狂般的 Hysteria n.狂躁症。癔症 crazy Mad insane Lunatic Out of ones mind Instinctively 本能 Instinct n.本能，天性 Nature n.自然 本质 By instinct 出于本能 Have an instinct for 有的天分 生来就 On instinct 本能
8、 凭直觉 Maternal instinct 母性本能 We choose our friends by instinct,but we keep them by judgment.These animals have an instinct for/of protecting themselves from being extinct.In inside Inward Internal introverted Out outside Outward External extroverted Muscle n.肌肉 Muscular a.肌肉的 Masculine a.男性的 阳刚的 男子气概
9、的 Masculinity n.男性气概Over-Over 过度的 Overpower 制服 压服 Overeat Overdrink Overstay Overstay ones welcome Profusion n.大量，丰富 In profusion：a great amount/quantity of sth The roses in the garden grow in profusion.He makes promises in profusion,but never realizes them.Profuse adj.丰富.generous,lavish,abundant,pl
10、entiful,rich,The critics were profuse in their praise of the new novel.He was profuse in his thanks for the help.Be profuse with ones money Culture n.文化 V.细胞培养（cultivate）Depressor V.depress Depression The Great Depression 勇敢 英勇 Valiant Brave-bravery Courageous-courage胆量Nerve Gut Have the nerve to do
11、 sth Have guts to do sth 有勇气做某事HOMEWORK read the text try to understand the text as much as you can answer the questions in Exercise A18SESSION TWO:TEXTDiscuss Why wasnt the sick girl in bed?Why were the girls parents eyeing the doctor up and down distrustfully?What made the girl refuse to open her
12、mouth to the doctor?Why did the doctor insist on examining her throat?Did the girls physical beauty have anything to do with the outcome of the incident?Explain.Can you find any fault with the doctors behavior?19Text analysis and language studyText analysis and language study 1.startle v.to disturb
13、suddenly as surprise The noise startled me out of my sleep.Startling starling news/startling discovery(disturbing,frightening)Startled Surprise,astonish,amaze damp wet moist humid 潮湿的 Damp-轻度潮湿,使人感觉不舒服的,I dont like damp weather.wet 指含水分或其他液体的、湿的,如:be wet to the skin moist指微湿的、湿润的,常含不十分干,此湿度是令人愉快的意思,
14、Grasses were moist with dew.Humid:正式用语,空气中湿度大的,如:In the east,the air is humid in summer.humidity 3.Eye sb.up and down 上下打量.Observe,watch,look attentively at They eyed the stranger up and down.glare(at),stare(at),glance(at)4.Be up to sb.to do sth.:be ones responsibility to do sth.由.负责做.Its my duty to
15、 do Its up to you to break the news to him.Its up to them to make the change.Its up to sb.由决定 Take a shot at sth/doing 尝试做某事 Let me have a shot at it.Hes having a shot at cooking the dinner.The wonderful shots of goals are usually shown again in slow motion.shot n.射击 开枪；射手，（球）射门；投篮 发射宇宙飞船/火箭 机会；努力；S
16、hot sth/sb Shot at sth/sb big shot 大人物，要员 7.in my best professional manner:以我最好的职业方式 manner:a way of doing things 做事情的方式 manner:courtesy 礼貌 good manner 有礼貌 Its bad manner to speak with your mouth full.In a friendly manner In a timely manner In a money-efficient manner In a time-consuming mannerIf on
17、ly VS only if If only:要是就好了 强烈感情，几乎不可能实现 If only he arrives in time.Only if:惟有才 Only if a serious crisis should arise,the public would have to be informed of its full implication.Get somewhere 略有进展 Hes finally told us the pricenow were getting somewhere!We cant get anywhere if we keep on quarrelling
18、 like this.Get there 成功 9.on the chance:counting on the slight possibility 怀着希望,也许可能 on the off chance:抱着微弱的希望。She applied on the off chance.He offered the information on the chance that it might prove useful.10.admonish:to warn or caution gently,to report mildly 训诫.Admonish sb.against sth.劝诫.提防.:Th
19、e teacher admonished us against being late.(=us not to be late.)Admonish sb of sth He admonished him of the need for sincerity.Bred of Insane fury of effort bred of her terror of me.bred:P.P of breed ,be the cause of 造成 eg:1.War breeds misery and ruin.战争造成苦难与灾害.2.Waste gas of cars breeds air polluti
20、on.汽车的尾气造成空气污染.13.a.agony:extreme and prolonged suffering 极大的痛苦 in agony 处于痛苦之中 pile up the agony 苦上加苦 in an agony of joy 悲喜交加Let go:放手 放弃 Rose:I promise Jack:Never let go.Rose:I promise.I will never let go,Jack.Ill never let go.15.clench:close tightly He clenched the cigar in his teeth.他用牙齿紧紧夹住香烟。H
21、e clenched his fists in frustrations.他沮丧地紧握拳头。with clenched teeth 咬紧牙关 I tried to hold my self down.hold down:control,keep down or under 控制 1.We must hold prices down.我们必须控制物价.2.Slave owners held slaves down before the emancipation.奴隶获得解放之前受奴隶主的压迫.b.should+不定式完成体 在这里所表示的是一种非真实情况,表达了作者一种遗憾的感情色彩.I sho
22、uld have come earlier.我本该早点来。He should have taken my advice.他本应接受我的建议。17.neglect=negligence 疏忽 neglect:pay no attention or too little attention to 不(够)重视,注意.You shouldnt neglect your health.Benign neglect 善意的疏忽 total neglect 完全疏忽 case:the actual state of things If thats the case,youd better give it
23、up.如果情况确实如此,你最好放弃。18.go at：assault;begin or proceed vigorously 攻击,开始,进发 The two roosters are going at each other.The students tend to go at their studies before the examination.20.overpower:1)overcome(someone or something)by superior force 压倒,制服 2)affect or impress deeply or powerfully 使.无法忍受.be ove
24、rpowered by heat(grief)炎热(悲痛)难忍 Overwhelm:压倒，淹没，受打击，击溃 be/act on the defensive 采取守势 In this way,while the enemy is on exterior lines and on the offensive in strategic operations,he will be forced to fight on interior lines and on the defensive in campaigns and battles.于是敌之战略作战上的外线和进攻，在战役和战斗的作战上，就不得不
25、变成内线和防御。.这个孩子脸上没有任何表情，用冷漠的目光死死地盯着我，象要把我吃掉似的。The child was fairly eating me up and down with her cold,steady eyes,and no expression on her face whatever.2.这个女孩由于对我的恐惧,她对我的抗拒达到了惊人的程度。She surely rose to magnificent heights of insane fury of effort bred of her terror of me.3.在这个时候,谁都会叮嘱自己,无论这个可恶的小鬼做出任何愚
26、蠢的举动,也要违背她的意愿来保护她。The damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy,one says to ones self at such times.4.那种想释放体能的渴望产生出一种非理智的、无法控制的愤怒与成人受辱的感觉。A blind fury,a feeling of adult shame,bred of a longing for muscular release are the operatives.真题再现 27.But I have seen at least two children ly
27、ing dead in bed of _ in such cases,and feeling that I must get a diagnosis now or never I went at it again.(200701)200701 76她的脸色通红、呼吸急促，我意识到她发高烧了。42.Summoned by the teacher,he approached his office full of _.（200710）A.apprehension B.distrust200810 36.The child strikes his head in the bath and falls
28、unconscious.The man sits down and watches him _.37.Her tongue was cut and she was screaming in wild _ shrieks.SESSION THREE:EXERCISEExercise B1.When I arrived I was met by the mother，a big startled looking woman，very clean and apologetic who merely said，Is this the doctor？And let me in.当我到达时，孩子的母亲迎接
29、了我，这是一位看上去惊恐不安的妇人，衣着整洁却一脸忧伤的神色她只是说，这位就是医生吗？然后带我进了屋。Exercise B 2.He tried to get up，but I motioned for him not to bother，took off my overcoat and started to look things over.他父亲试图站起来，但我向他示意不用麻烦，然后我脱下外套开始检查。Exercise B3.As often，in such cases，they werent telling me more than they had to，it was up to me
30、 to tell them；thats why they were spending three dollars on me.在这种情形下，他们通常不会提供太多的情况，而是等着我告诉他们病情，这就是为什么他们会在我身上花3美元。Exercise B4.I smiled in my best professional manner and asking for the childs first name I said，come on，Mathilda，open your mouth and lets take a look at your throat.我以医生特有的职业方式微笑着，叫着孩子的名
31、字。我说，来吧，玛蒂尔达，张开嘴，让我看一下你的嗓子。Exercise B5.As that I ground my teeth in disgust.If only they wouldnt use the word“hurt”I might be able to get somewhere.听到这里我狠狠地咬了咬牙，要是他们没用“伤害”这个词，我也许能做点什么，Exercise B6.In the ensuing struggle they grew more and more abject，crushed，exhausted while she surely rose to magnif
32、icent heights of insane fury of effort bred of her terror of me.在接下来的“战斗”中他们越来越难堪，被摧垮了，直至精疲力竭。而这个女孩由于恐惧，她对我的抗拒达到了惊人的地步。Exercise B7.she opened up for an instant but before I could see anything she came down again and gripped the wooden blade between her molars.She reduces it to splinters before I cou
33、ld get it out again.她张开了嘴，然而只是一瞬间，我还来不及看她又把嘴闭上了，没等我把它取出来，她的臼齿已经紧紧咬住了压舌板，并把压舌板咬成了碎片。8The damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy，one says to ones self at such times.在这种时候，谁都会叮咛自己，无论这个可恶的小鬼做出任何愚蠢的举动，也要违背她的意愿来保护她。Exercise c 1 apprehension 2 terrifying 3 overpowering 4 contemptible 5
34、 motioned 6 profusion 7 ensuing 8 coax Exercise D 1.The girl looked at the doctor(terrifyingly,terrified).PS:形容人ED,形容事/物ING.Terrifyingly:extremely frightening;scary(表主动)Terrified:very frightened;scared(表被动)Exercise D 2.“If you finish all the homework tonight,well go for a picnic tomorrow,”he(admonis
35、hed,coaxed).Admonish:(formal)to tell someone severely that they have done something wrong Coax:to persuade someone to do something that they do not want to do by talking to them in a kind,gentle,and patient way Exercise D 3.He thought their behavior was(contemptuous,contemptible),but he didnt say an
36、ything in front of the host.Contemptuous:feeling or showing that you think someone 鄙视的，蔑视的，表示轻蔑的。She gave him a look 鄙夷地看了一眼.Youre of everything I do.你对我做的一切都不屑一顾 Contemptible:not deserving any respect at all 可轻蔑的，可鄙的，卑劣的 behavior 卑劣的行径Exercise D 4.Summoned by the boss,he approached his office full
37、of(apprehension,distrust).Apprehension:anxiety about the future,especially about dealing with something unpleasant or difficult;anxiety Distrust:a feeling that you cannot trust someone Exercise D He was sincerely sorry for what happened at the party,so people accepted his(excuse,apology).Excuse:a re
38、ason that you give to explain careless or offensive behavior;a reason that you invent to explain an action and to hide your real intentions Apology:something that you say or write to show that you are sorry for doing something wrong Exercise D 6.They were walking in the forest when they heard a(terr
39、ifying,terrific)roar,which made their blood freeze.Terrifying:extremely frightening Terrific:(informal)very good,especially in a way that makes you feel happy and excited;very large in size or degree(在尺寸和程度上很大)Exercise D 7.Obviously they were getting nowhere with the meeting,so he decided to(desist,
40、resist)from making a final decision that afternoon.Desist:(formal)to stop doing something(跟from搭配)Resist:to stop yourself from having something that you like very much or doing something that you want to do (后面直接加动名词)Exercise D 8.“How can you say that you dont want to see your grandmother”the father
41、(admonished,coaxed).Admonish,coax:see number 18 Exercise E 1.making an apology,expressing regret 2.it was my duty,it required me 3.and lots of people here have been ill 4.my best smile and my words were of no help.The girl was still.5.in the view of the possibility,in the hope 6.Were going to comple
42、te the examination.7.I too had lost my sense.(I became unreasonable)8.the violent and unreasoning feelingExercise F Mathilda had been ill for three days.Her mother had given her some medicine(s),but it(they)didnt do any good.So she had to ask the doctor to come.Mathilda had been ill for three days.H
43、er mother had send for a doctor,because the kid didnt feel better after her mother had given her some medicines Mathilda had been sick for three days.Her mother had given her some medicine(s),but it(they)didnt work.Therefore,they had to call a doctor.As there had been a number of cases of diphtheria
44、 in the school to which the girl went and two children had already died of it,the doctor,arriving at the Olsons,needed to examine Machidas throat first.Since some students had got diphtheria in the school where Mathilda went and two of them had already died,the doctor needed to look over her throat
45、first as soon as he arrived at the Olsons.As soon as he arrived,the doctor asked to check the girls throat first,because it happened there had been some pupils suffering from diphtheria in Mathildas school and two of them had died of it.But no matter how they coaxed,she wouldnt open her mouth.So the
46、 doctor had to get a tongue depressor into her mouth.But however he coaxed,she refused to open her mouth.Thus the doctor had to try to put a tongue depressor into her mouth.But no matter how hard they tried to coax,she just refused to open her mouth.So the doctor tried to insert a tongue depressor i
47、nto her mouth.Mathilda,however,reduced it to splinters.In order to protect Mathilda herself and other children,the doctor had to find out whether she had diphtheria or not,so that he could cure it in time.However,Mathilda reduced it into splinters.For her own protection and others,the doctor had to
48、make clear whether Mathilda had diphtheria or not,so that he was able to treat her in time.However,Mathilda should have reduced it into splinters.In order to protect Mathilda herself and other kids,the doctor needed to find out whether she got diphtheria or not,so as to offer treatment in time.There
49、fore,he asked Mathildas father to hold both her wrists,and he himself forced the child to open her mouth.And there it was-she really had diphtheria.So he asked her father to hold both her wrists,and he himself forced her mouth open.It was found that she did had diphtheria.So he told her father to se
50、ize her by her wrists and he himself got her mouth open.And there it was-she did had diphtheria.The story makes us know that in our life,you can not count on others willingness for everything and that the use of force seems a necessity in certain cases.The story sets us thinking about this:Not every
