1、江苏专版译林七下 U8知识点总结1. Bring me something to eat.给我拿些吃的东西来。解析:something to eat意为“吃的东西”,something 为不定代词,to eat为动词不定式,修饰something。如: Can I have something to eat, please?请问我能要些吃的东西吗?拓展:英语中动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后。如: I have something to tell you. 我有些事要告诉你。2. How rude you are! 你太粗鲁了!解析:rude,形容词,意为“粗鲁的,不礼貌的”,作定语或表语。反
2、义词为polite(有 礼貌的)。如: He is a rude man and we dont like him.他是一个粗鲁的人,我们不喜欢他。拓展:rudeness,名词,意为“粗鲁,无礼”。3. goldfish 金鱼解析:goldfish,名词,意为“金鱼”,复数为goldfish,但表示各种各样的金鱼时,要用goldfishes.如: There are many goldfish in the pool.水池里有许多金鱼。拓展:类似goldfish单复数相同的可数名词:fish fish鱼 sheep sheep绵羊deer deer鹿 Chinese Chinese中国人Jap
3、anese Japanese日本人4. .I like watching them swim around.我喜欢看着它们游来游去。(1) 解析:watch sh. do sth. 为动词短语,意为“观看某人做某事”,表示所做的事情已经完成或经常发生(强调经常性)。如: I dont like watching her dance.我不喜欢看她跳舞。辨析:watch sb. do sth. 与 watch sb. doing sth.短语含义用法watch sb. do sth.观看某人做了某事强调看列动作发生的全过程或动作经常发生watch sb. doing sth.观看某人正在做某事强调
4、看到动作正在进行如: I watched him enter that shop.我看见他进了那家商店。 The PE teacher is watching the students running.体育老师正在看着学生们跑步。提醒:英语中类似的结构有: heat/see/find sb. do sth. 听见/看见/发现某人做某事(已做/常做); hear/see/find sb. doing sth. 听见/看见/发现某人正在做某事。(2) 解析:swim around意为“游来游去”,相当于swim here and there.如: The fish swim around in t
5、he lake.= The fish swim here and there in the lake.这些鱼在湖里游来游去。联想:常用短语:look around环顾四周;walk around四处走动;look around for四处寻找。5. .its very small and soft and I can hold it in my hand.它非常小且柔软,我可以把它握在手里。解析:hold,动词,意为“握住,拿”,过去式为held,后面直接跟宾语。如: She is holding a torch in her hand. 她手里握着一个火炬。6. .I can feed he
6、r carrots and I like her long ears.我可以喂她胡萝卜,而且我喜欢她的长耳朵。解析:feed,动词,意为“喂,喂养”,过去式为fed.拓展:含feed的短语feed on 以.为食feed oneself 自己吃feed sth. to sb. 用某物喂某人feed sb sth 喂某人某物feed sb. on/with sth. 用某物喂某人如: Could you please feed my cat for me?请你帮我喂猫好吗? Horses feed on grass.马以草为食。 The child is old enough to feed h
7、imself.这个孩子足够大了,能自己吃饭了。 We feed wheat to the cattle.= We feed the cattle wheat. 我们用小麦喂牛。7. .he can sing, and 1 want to teach him to speak. .他会唱歌,而且我想教他说话.解析:teach,动词,意为“教”,后面直接跟宾语,名词形式为teacher(老师)。如: -Who teaches you Maths? 谁教你们数学?- Mr Green. 格林老师。拓展:含teach的短语teach sb. sth. 教某人某事teach sb. to do sth.
8、 教某人做某事teach oneself = learn by oneself 自学如: Miss Chen teaches me Chinese.陈老师教我语文。 Can you teach me to dance?你能教我跳舞吗? He taught himself how to use this camera.他自学了怎样使用这台照相机。提醒:teach后接双宾语时,指人的是间接宾语,指物的是直接宾语,所以sb.若是代词,要用人称代词的宾格。8. My dog is the cleverest animal of all.我的狗是最聪明的动物,解析:of all意为“在所有当中”,最高级
9、的范围由of,in,among等构成的介词短语引出。形容词最高级是用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较,其句型结构为“主语+谓语+ the +形容词的最高级+范围(三者或三者以上)”,形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the。如: This building is the newest of the five.这幢楼是五幢楼中最新的。9. With eyes open wide, he hunts when I hide.当我躲起来,他就把眼睛睁得大大的,到处找我。(1) 解析:hunt (for)意为“寻找”,相当于look for。但hunt (for)含“竭力寻找”的意思,其对象为某个迫切需要的
10、事物;而look for 强调寻找的过程。如: They hunted everywhere for the missing watch.他们到处寻找那块丢失的手表。 What are you hunting for?你在寻找什么呢?拓展:hunt还可作名词,意为“打猎”。如: I took part in the hunt.我参加了打猎。(2) 解析:hide,动词,意为“藏,隐藏”。如: There was nowhere to hide. 无处可藏。10. Builds me camps out of sticks.用树枝为我搭建营地。解析:build,动词,意为“建造,建筑,其过去式为
11、built,后面直接跟宾语或双宾语。拓展:含build的短语build sth. 建造某物build sb sth. = build sth. for sb. 为某人建造某物build. out of. 用.建造.如: He built a school for the blind.他创办了一所盲人学校。 He built me a model ship out of wood.他用木料为我做了一个轮船模型。11. Hed never bark or bite, and he doesnt like to fight.他从不乱叫,也不咬人,而且不喜欢争斗。解析:fight,动词,意为“打仗(架
12、)”,常与介词with,against,for等连用,其过去式是fought.如: Stop fighting, boys!别打了,小伙子们! He always fights with his neighbours about the noise.他总是为了噪音的事和邻居们打架。拓展: fight 用作及物动词,意为“与.打仗(架)”。如: Tom fought the tall boy just now.刚才汤姆和那个高个子男孩打架了。 fight用作名词,意为“战斗;打架”。如: The police stopped the fight outside the school.警察阻止了校
13、外的斗殴事件。12. My dog is my best friend, and Ill look after him till the end.我的狗是我最好的朋友,我会照顾他一直到最后。(1) 解析:till,介词,意为“到.时,直到.为止”如: Well stay here till/ until next month.我们要在这儿”直逗留到下个月。注意: till作介词时,其后接名词(短语);作连词时,其后接句子。如: I waited till ten oclock yesterday.昨天我一直等到10点。 Ill wait here till you come back.我将在这
14、里等,直到你回来。 till和until都可作介词和连词,都有“直到.为止”的含义,用法基本相同。但位于句首时只能用until.(2) 解析:end,名词,意为“末尾,终点”。如: The story has a happy end.这个故事有一个开心的结局。拓展:含end的短语at the end of 在.尽头/末端by the end of 到.为止in the end 最后,终于如: He will come back the end of the month.他将在月底回来。 He became a manager in the end.最终,他当上了经理。注意:end作动词,意为“
15、终止,结束”。如: When the meeting ended, 1 began to chat with others.会议结束时,我开始和其他人聊了起来。13. She isnt any trouble.她一点也不麻烦。解析:trouble,名词,意为“麻烦”,为不可数名词。如: The little boy caused a lot of trouble to his parents.这个小男孩给他的父母惹了很多麻烦。拓展:trouble还可作动词,意为“使烦恼”。如: Im sorry to trouble you. 对不起,打扰你了。含trouble的短语be in trouble
16、 处于困难中get into trouble 陷入困境out of trouble 摆脱困境have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难14. She doesnt need a gentle touch.她也不需要温柔的抚摸。(1) 解析:gentle,形容词,意为“温柔的”,指性情温和的,近义词为soft/quiet。副词形式为gently(轻轻地;温柔地)。如: My son is a quiet and gentle boy.我儿子是个安静且温和的男孩。拓展:含gentle的短语gentle wind 和风gentle smile 温柔的微笑gentle he
17、art 仁慈的心肠(2) 解析:touch,名词,意为“触摸,碰”。如: The blind have a keen sense of touch.盲人有敏锐的触觉。拓展:touch还可作动词,意为“触摸,碰;感动”。如: Touch it and feel if it is hot.摸一摸,感觉一下它热不热。15. When she gets tired, she sleeps anywhere.当她累的时候,她随便睡在哪里。解析:anywhere,副词,常用于否定句或疑问句中,代替somewhere。若anywhere用于肯定句中,则意为“任何地方”。如: I cant find my p
18、en anywhere.我在哪里都找不到我的钢笔。 You can go anywhere if you win the match.如果你赢了比赛,你可以去任何地方。拓展:类似结构的复合不定副词:somewhere 某处(常用在肯定句中)everywhere 到处(用于各种句式)nowhere 无处;哪里都不(表示否定意义)16. He is very clever and he can repeat my words.他非常聪明,而且他能重复我的话。解析:repeat,动词,意为“重复”,后面直接跟重复的内容作宾语。如: Listen carefully I will repeat my
19、question.仔细听。我会重复我的问题。拓展:repeat作动词,还可以表示“背诵”。如: Can you repeat the text?你能背诵这篇课文吗?提醒:repeat本身已表示“再一次”,因此不能与again连用。17. He is happy all the time.他一直很快乐。解析:all the time意为“一直,总是”,相当于always,作状语。如: My father is busy at work all the time.我爸爸一直忙于工作。 -Dont play computer games all the time, Jack!不要一直玩电脑游戏,杰克
20、!-OK, Mum. 好的,妈妈。18. I dont agree. 我不同意。解析:agree,动词,意为“同意;应允”。如: He doesnt agree to our plan.他不赞同我们的计划。辨析:agree with,agree to (do) sth. 与agree onagree with指“同意、赞成(某人的意见、看法等)”后接某人、某事或宾语从句agree to(do) sth.指“同意(做)某事”,不可说agree sb to do sth.agree on指双方或多方协商后“在某方面取得一致意见”,主语必须是协调的双方或多方如: All of us agree wi
21、th the professor.我们大家都同意教授的意见。 They agreed to my suggestion.他们同意我的建议。 I dont agree to do that experiment.我不同意做那个实验。 We dont agree on everything.我们不是对所有事情都看法一致。19. Put your goldfish in the sun.把你的金鱼放在阳光下。解析:in the sun意为“在阳光下”。如: Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.在阳光下读书对你的眼睛有坏处。提醒:“在阳光下”不能说成unde
22、r the sun,under the sun意为“天下,世上,全世界”如: They talk about everything under the sun.他们天南海北无所不谈。20. A goldfish can weigh up to 40 grams.一条金鱼可以重达40克。(1) weigh,动词,意为“重;有.重” ,固定句型“sb weigh(s) sth.”意为“某人称某物的重量”。“sth weigh(s) +具体数学”意为“某物重.”如: This box weighs five kilograms.这个箱子重5千克。拓展:weight,名词,意为“重量”。常用短语:th
23、e weight of sth. 某物的重量;in weight在重量上。“How much do(es) sth. weigh?”意为“某物多重?”,相当于“Whats the weight of sth. ?”。:(2) 解析:up to意为“多达”。如: The classroom can hold up to 60 students.这间教室可以容纳多达60名学生。拓展:be up to sb ,意为“由某人决定”。如: Its all up to you.这都由你决定。21. They can grow up to be 20 centimetres long and weigh u
24、p to 400 grams.它们能长到20厘米长,重达400克。解析:grow up为动词短语,意为“成长;长大成人”。如: -What do you want to be when you grow up?你长大后想成为什么?- I want to be a doctor.我想成为一名医生。拓展:grow into意为“长成,成长为”。如: I hope my son will grow into a healthy young man.我希望我的儿子将成长为一个健康的小伙子。22. Do they make any noise?它们发出任何噪音吗?解析:noise, 可数/不可数名词,意
25、为“噪音”,指任何响亮不悦耳的嘈杂声。如: Dont make any noise. Keep quiet, please.不要制造任何噪音。请保持安静。23. We only brush her fur every day.我们只是每天给她刷毛。解析:brush,动词,意为“刷;擦”。如: You should brush your shoes.你应该刷你的鞋。拓展:brush作名词,意为“刷子;画笔”,复数形式为brushes24. Finding information on the Internet在网上找到信息解析:Internet,名词,意为“因特网,国际互联网”。 如: Inte
26、rnet makes our lives easy and convenient.因特网使我们的生活变得容易和方便。拓展:on the Internet意为“在网上”。如: You can find it on the Internet.你可以在网上找到它。25. She likes sleeping in a basket.她喜欢睡在篮子里。解析:basket,名词,意为“篮子”,复数形式为baskets。固定短语a basket of意为“一篮子.”。如: I need to buy a basket of eggs.我需要买一篮子鸡蛋。拓展:basket常构成的派生词或短语:basket
27、ball 篮球 picnic basket 野餐篮shopping basket 购物篮 a basket of apples 一篮子苹果26. What does it look like? 它长什么样?解析:“What do/does +主语+ look like?”意为“某人/某物长什么样?”,常用来询问某人/某物的外表(包括容貌、身材等)。其中like 是介词,意为“像”。如: -What does the girl look like?那女孩长什么样?-She is tall and slim.她又高又苗条。27. noisy 吵闹的,嘈杂的解析:noisy,形容词,意为“吵闹的,嘈杂的”;noisily,副词,意为“吵闹地”如: It is Sunday today. It is very noisy in the street.今天是星期天。街上很嘈杂。