1、牛津英语7BUnit4知识点及练习Unit 4知识点Comic strip1. Follow me, Eddie.跟着我,Eddie。follow (v.) 跟随,后面直接跟表示人或事物的名词作宾语,相当于come after。 e.g:冬去春来。拓展 follow (v.) 效仿;理解;服从e.g: 作为学生,我们应该服从校规。他说得太快了。我听不懂。提醒 follow形容词为following,“接着的,下列的”。e.g: 下列哪个句子是正确的?2. Are you sure, Hobo?你确定吗,Hobo?be sure“确信,有把握”,指有把握的判断。常用短语:be sure to d
2、o sth.肯定会做某事be sure of/about sth.确信某事,对某事有把握be sure + that从句对肯定/有把握e.g: 你一定会喜欢这部电影的。拓展 sure (adv.) 当然可以,相当于certainlye.g: -May I use your bike?-Sure./Certainly.-我可以用你的自行车吗?-当然可以。3. Lets go down here.让我们在这儿向下走。go down下去;向下走 反:go up,常用来表示位置或价格的下降。 down (adv.) 向下e.g: 这部电梯是向下开的吗?拓展 go down还可表示“顺着,沿着”,此时d
3、own为介词,意为“沿而下”。e.g: 沿着这条街道走,然后右拐。4. Dont be afraid.不要害怕。 be afraid 害怕,担心 afraid (adj.) 害怕的,担心的常用短语:be afraid of (doing) sth.害怕(做)某事be afraid to do sth.因害怕而不敢做某事Im afraid + that从句恐怕 提醒 “Im afraid so.” 表示 “恐怕情况是这样的。”语气较委婉。e.g:-我听说吴老师生病住院了。-恐怕是这样的,放学后我们去看他吧。5. Eddie,I think we have to go up again.Eddie
4、,我认为我们不得不再上去一次。have to不得不,必须;强调因客观条件的制约而不得不去做某事,后接动词原形。e.g: We have to finish the work before supper. 我们不得不在晚饭前完成这项工作。辨析 have to与must词条含义用法have to“必须”,有人称、数、时态的变化,否定式dont have to表示“不必”强调客观上的需要must“必须”,只有一种形式,否定式mustnt表示“禁止”表示说话人主观上的看法,强调主观上的需要( ) -How do you usually go to school? -My school is far a
5、way. I _ take the bus to school.A must B might C have to D canWelcome to the unit1. Lets go on a trip!让我们去旅行吧! go on a trip去旅行= have a tripgo on.表示“去做”e.g: Will the students go on an outing?学生们打算要出游吗?拓展 go on还可表示“继续”, go on表示“继续(说做)下去”。常用结构为:go on doing继续做(未做完的事,中间无间断),go on to do接着做(做完某事,接着干另外一件事)。
6、如:e.g:我太累了,不能再继续学习了。我们已经学完了第5单元,让我们继续学习第6单元。2. Sunshine Zoo is north of Sunshine Middle School.阳光动物园在阳光中学的北面。north(n.)北,北方 四个方位名词 固定结构:be + 方位词 + of. 表示“某地在另一地的方向”,指范围之外,且中间有一段距离。=be to the +方位名词+ of e.g: 我们学校在邮局北面。拓展 north(n.)北方的;北部的e.g: 今晚英国北部将有雨。辨析 方位名词与介词in,on,to连用时的区别词条含义用法in+方位名词在之内强调某地在某一特定区域
7、内on+方位名词在之外强调某地在某一特定区域外,且两地相互接壤to+方位名词在之外强调某地在某一特定区域外,且两地不相连,隔着相望cinemaschoolschoolhillschooltreee.g: The tree is in the north of the school.那棵树在学校的北部。The hill is on the north of the school.山在学校的北方。The cinema is to the north the school.电影院在学校的北方。2 How will we get there? get there 到达那儿到达 get to=arriv
8、e in/at=reach Reading1. Hi, everybody.大家好。everybody代词,意为“每人,人人”,相当于everyone,在句中用作单数,代指每一个人。e.g: Not everybody likes this book.并不是每个人都喜欢这本书。提醒 当everybody作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。e.g: 这儿的每个人都来自美国。2. Go straight on, and youll find the Panda House.直走,然后你将会找到熊猫屋。(1)straight(adv.)径直地,常与动词come,go,walk等连用。e.g: 放
9、学后直接回家。拓展 straight还可作形容词,意为“直的,笔直的”。e.g: 在纸上画一条直线。提醒 straight的形容词和副词都是straight,没有其他形式。类似的词有:hard(adj.)困难的hard(adv.)努力地high(adj.)高的high(adv.)高地deep(adj.)深的deep(adv.)深深地 3. They like to eat bamboo and lie down all day long.他们喜欢吃竹子,而且躺着一整天。(1) bamboo(n.)竹子,泛指一般的竹子时为不可数名词;特指某些竹子或强调竹子的种类时为可数名词;表示“竹材”时为不可
10、数名词;表示“竹竿;竹棍”时为可数名词。e.g:竹子不是树,而是一种草。 拓展 bamboo可用于其他名词前作定语,常构成短语:竹笋; 竹叶; 竹椅。(2) all day long整天地,long副词,用在表示一段时间的名词之后,起强调的作用。e.g: 他们整天努力工作。拓展 类似的短语有:all month long 整月; all year long 整年(3) lie为不及物动词,意思是“平躺”、“位于”、“说谎”。 e.g: After supper he likes lying on his chair. Taiwan lies in the southeast of China.
11、 We dont like a person who often lies.注意:lie的现在分词是lying。4. Walk along the road.沿着这条马路走。along介词 沿着、顺着 后面一般接表示河流、街道之类的名词 副词 向前, 常与表示运动的动词go,come,move等连用,表示向前移动。e.g: 直接到这儿来。 ( )My father has habit of jogging _ the Jinchuan River for an hour in the coming. A between B along C over D through 辨析 road, str
12、eet与way词条含义用法road路,道路指可供人或车辆通行的较为广阔、平坦的“公路,马路”,含义较为具体street街道指两侧有房屋或商店等建筑物的城镇内的“街道”way路;路线指到达目的地必须经过的途径,含义较为抽象5 Remember that theyre dangerous.记住他们是危险的。(1)remember(v.)记得,记住,后跟名词、代词、不定式或动名词作宾语。反义词为forget(忘记). 辨析 remember to do sth.与remember doing sth.短语含义用法remember to do sth.记得要做某事强调事情还没做remember doi
13、ng sth.记得做过某事强调事情是以前做过的e.g:记得明天把你的书带过来。 我记得以前见过你。(2) dangerous(adj.)危险的,在句中作定语或表语。反义词为safe(安全的)。 处于危险中 脱离危险e.g: 玩火是危险的。拓展 dangerous的词型变化及其相应的反义词:danger(n.)safetydangerous (adj.) safedangerously (adv.) safely( )Tony, remember _ with your mouth full of food. A to talk B not to talk C talking D not tal
14、king Dont go swimming in deep rivers. It is _ (daner).6. Monkeys are clever and funny.猴子们又聪明又有趣。funny(adj.) fun(n.) 有趣的事,为不可数名词e.g:阅读是件有趣的事。7. They jump around and make people laugh.他们到处跳,使得人们大笑。(1) laugh (v.)笑,大笑,发笑 常用短语laugh at sb.“嘲笑某人”e.g:客人们都大声地笑了。不要嘲笑穷人。(2) make people laugh为“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,即:
15、make sb. do sth.使某人做某事。make使役动词,后接不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)作宾语补足语。e.g: 奇怪的声音使他晚上感到害怕。拓展 后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词或动词短语有:一感(feel),二听(hear,listen to),三让(let,make,have),四看(watch,see,notice,look at)。提醒 有些动词则必须跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。如:ask/tell/want sb. to do sth.要求/告诉/想要某人做某事。8. Theyre quite tall.他们非常高。quite副词,“相当,非常”,位于形容词
16、或副词的原级前作状语。e.g: 这部电影相当有趣。拓展 类似quite只修饰原级的副词有very, too, so等。9. Cross the bridge, and youll see the elephants.穿过桥,你将会看到大象。辨析 cross与across词条含义用法cross动词,“穿过”独自作谓语,直接跟宾语across介词,“穿过”不能独自作谓语,要和表示“走”的动词walk, run, fly, jump等连用,相当于crosse.g: Be careful when you cross the road. = Be careful when you walk acros
17、s the road. 过马路的时候要小心。提醒 crossing名词,意为“交叉处,十字路口”。across与through的区别 通常过河、过街用across,而过隧道或形容河流的流动、铁路的途径路线等时用through。across横穿、横渡,指与街道或河流形成十字,通常是在物体的表面穿过。Through则表示贯通、直穿,从一头贯穿到另一头,通常表示在立体空间中穿过。( )The Xiamen-shenzhen high speed railroad will run _ eight cities. A across B through C over D cross他穿过了大厅。 He
18、passed _ the hall.过马路要左右看。Look left and right before you go _ the street.10 There are also birds, arent there? 这是一个反意疑问句。反问疑问句是表示说话人对所陈述的事情有所怀疑或不肯定,想通过对方的回答来加以肯定或否定。反义疑问句一般有两种结构。一是:肯定的陈述句+逗号+否定的附加疑问句+问号。二是:否定的陈述句+逗号+肯定的附加疑问句+问号?Youre a teacher, arent you? Yes, I am/ No, Im not. 你是一名老师,是不是?He doesnt
19、live in Shanghai, does he? Yes, he does/ No, he doesnt.他不住在上海,是吧?注意:陈述句中含有never, few, little, hardly, nothing, nobody等否定词时,后面的疑问部分应使用肯定形式。例如:Theres little water here, is there? 这儿几乎没有水,是吧?1 Linda ate nothing this morning, _? A. didnt she B. was she C. did she D. wasnt she 2. Theres hardly_ milk in t
20、he bottle, _there? A. no, isnt B. some, is C. little, isnt D. any, is12. They have no time to visit the museum, _? A. do they B. havent they C. dont they D. will they18. He dislikes the two subjects, _ he? A. does B. doesnt C. is D. isntGrammar1. 冠词a/an/the冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词a/an常用来泛指某个人或物,定冠词the常用来指特
21、定的某个人或物。(1) 不定冠词a/ana/an用于表示“一”的概念,但不强调数目概念。我们在第一次提到某人或某物时,如果是可数名词单词,常在其前加不定冠词a/an。“a/an+单数名词”表示“一个”或“某一”。表示“一个”,相当于one,指某人或某物。e.g: I have a new computer.我有一台新电脑。代表一类人或物。 e.g: A knife is a tool for cutting things.刀是用来切东西的工具。用于一些习惯用语中。 e.g: alot of许多;a little少量;a kind of一类。提醒 以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前用a,以元音音素开
22、头的单数可数名词前用an,元音音素不等同于元音字母。e.g: I want a pear. I dont want an apple.我想要一个梨。我不想要一个苹果。(2) 定冠词the定冠词the用在谈到之前提过的某人或某物前,或特指某(些)人或物,使其区别于同类的其他人或事物,相当于this, that, these, those, 可以与可数名词连用,也可与不可数名词连用。一般用法有:用于表达上文已提及的人或事物。e.g: I have a new bike. The bike is a birthday present from my uncle.用于表示谈话双方都知道的人或事物。e.
23、g: He is waiting for me at the school gate.用于序数词和最高级前。e.g: This is the first time for me to visit Beijing.这是我第一次去北京旅行。Eddie wants to live next to the biggest restaurant in Beijing.Eddie想住在北京最大的餐馆旁边。用于世界上独一无二的事物前。e.g: The Earth moves around the Sun.地球围绕太阳转。用于方位名词前。 e.g: Jiangsu is in the east of Chin
24、a.江苏位于中国东部。用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。 Were going to visit the Great Wall.我们打算去游览长城。用于乐器名词前。e.g: He cant play football, but he can play the violin.他不会踢足球,但是他会拉小提琴。与一些形容词连用,表示一类人,是复数概念。e.g: In China, the old live a happy life.在中国,老人们过着幸福的生活。用于姓氏的复数前,表示一家人,是复数概念。e.g: The Greens are having afternoon tea at presen
25、t.此刻,格林一家正在喝下午茶。用于一些习惯用语种。in the morning/afternoon/evening在上午/下午/晚上 in the middle of .在的中间2. 方位介词常用的方位介词归类:词条含义用法at, in在at + 小地点;in + 大地点between在之间表示两者之间,而表示在三者或三者以上的之间,要用amongabove, over, on在上方above表示“高于某物”,反义词为below;over表示“在垂直的正上方(不接触表面)”,反义词为under;on表示“在某一平面上(相互接触)”beside, next to在旁边两者可互换inside在里
26、面反义词为outside,“在外面”in front of在的前面表示“在某物外部的前面”,反义词为behind; in the front of表示“在某物内部的前面”,反义短语为at the back ofbove指“在上方”,表示某物体的位置高出另一物体的位置,两物体不接触,也不一定正对着,与below(在下面)相对。on指“在上”,两物体表面接触,与beneath(在下面)相对。over指“在正下方”,两物体垂直但并不接触,也可指笼罩、覆盖在上面,与under(在下方)相对。3 The flowers are in front of the shop. in front of 在.的前
27、面 指在物体外部的前面,反义词是behindin the front of 在。的前面 指在物体内部的前面,反义词是at the back of ( ) Jim sits behind me, so I sit _ him. A at the top of B at the end of C in the middle of D in front ofIntegrated skills1. Walk past the house, turn left and walk along the path next to the river. 经过房子后向左转,然后沿着河边的小路走。walk past
28、“经过”,相当于动词pass;期中past是介词,意为“经过,超过”。e.g: I walk past the Xinhua Bookshop on my way to school.我在上学的路上经过新华书店。辨析 past与pass词条含义用法past介词,意为“经过;超过”与动词walk,go,run等连用作谓语pass动词,意为“经过;传递”指在人或物面前或旁边经过,可单独作谓语使用walk/go past2 Take the second turning on the right. 在第二个拐弯处右转。此句型结构为“Take + the + 序数词 + turning on the
29、left/right.”,相当于“Turn left/right at the + 序数词 + turning.”。turning名词,意为“转弯处”,动词为turn,表示“转,拐弯”。e.g: Take the first turning on the left. = Turn left at the first turning.在第一个拐弯处向左拐。提醒 turning一般指拐弯处,而表示十字路口要用crossing,意为“交叉路口”。 2. Walk straight on, and youll see the traffic lights.直走,然后你将看到红绿灯。traffic名词,
30、意为“交通,来往车辆”,为不可数名词。e.g: His left knee was hurt in a traffic accident. 道路上来往车辆很多。拓展 traffic常构成的短语:红绿灯 交通事故 交通堵塞 交通规则3. Then youll see Sunny Garden at the corner of the street.然后你将会看到在街角的阳光花园。corner(n.)拐角,街角;角落at the corner of . 在的拐角处 in the corner of 在。 的角落里 e.g: 当你来到街道的拐角处,你就会看到一家电影院。Study skills1 T
31、he zoo is about three kilometers away from our school.表示一处到另一处的距离,两种表达方式(1) A+ be+ 距离+(away) from +B (2) Its +距离+from A to Bbbbb从我们学校到那座城市大约有8英里远。Task1. My parents will prepare plenty of food and drinks for us. 我的父母将为我们准备大量的食物和饮料。(1) prepare(v.)准备,相当于get ready,固定短语prepare . for . 为准备,相当于get ready fo
32、r .。 拓展 prepare to do sth.表示“准备做某事”。 prepare sth(for sb)(为某人)准备某事;(2) plenty of大量的,充足的,既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词,一般用于肯定句中,相当于a lot of或lots of,在否定句或疑问句中多用many或much替代。e.g: There are plenty of books in the school library.学校图书馆里有许多书。My boss has plenty of money.我的老板有许多钱。2. Get out at Exit A.在A出口出去。exit(n.)出口,复数为
33、exits。反义词为entrance 入口。e.g: Can you find the exit?你能找到出口吗?Excuse me, where is the entrance?打扰一下,请问入口在哪里?提醒 表示“一个出口/入口”要用an exit/entrance,冠词为an。二、根据句意、首字母及中文提示完成单词1 When the t lights are green, we can cross the road.2. My son often(跟随)me to the school.3. It is very d for us to swim in the big river.4.
34、 The(叶子)turn green in spring.5. There are two b over the river.6. Where are we going for our class(旅行)?7. Kitty wants to find i about films in 1960s.8. As we know,the pandas like to eat b.9. A train is going t a tunnel.10. S we bring paper plates and forks?11. Take the first(转弯)on the left.12. I wou
35、ld like to i my classmates to my birthday party.13. My parents willa lot of food for us this evening.14. There is a TV set in the c of the sitting room.15. Dont walk a the streetwhen the traffic lightsarered.16. Just go (径直)along the road,and youll see the bookshop on your left.17. We are looking f
36、to seeing you at the party.18. There is a hospital in the(西南)of the smalltown.19. When you come to my hometown,youll find many tall(大楼).20. People in the West have meals with forks and k.三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1. You should take the(three) turning on the left. 2 .The giraffes neck is(real) long and it ca
37、n help him to get the leaves from the tree. 3. Please remember(bring) your homework here next week. 4. Can you finish(draw) a horse in 10 minutes? 5. If you dont know how(do) it,you may ask your teacher. 6. There are a lot of (interest) things to do. 7. Were looking forward to (get) letters from you
38、. 8. Id like(invite) Jim(go) on a trip to the park. 9. On(she) way home, Ann met a friend of hers. 10. She wants(be) a good teacher when she grows up. 11. (be) there plenty of treasure in the box? 12. We plan to go out for a picnic. So we hope it(not rain) tomorrow. 13. Why not(invite) him(have) din
39、ner together? 14. There(not be) any football matches on CCTV-5 this evening,are there? 15. Dont forget(give) her some food and water. 16. If you go to visit the museum next week,I(follow) you. 17. After(have) classes, the students play games. 18. Take the third(cross) on the right. 19. They are looking forward to(have) a party. 20. Can you hear the girls(sing) in the next room now?12 / 12