1、words and expressions in Unit 41.die out 1)家族种族灭绝；家族种族灭绝；eg:This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.2)习俗观念消失习俗观念消失eg:The old custom died out many years ago.拓展：拓展：die away 声音声音 风风 光等渐渐消失光等渐渐消失die down 情绪逐渐平息情绪逐渐平息 die off 相继死亡相继死亡 草木先后枯死草木先后枯死 eg The wind died away at
2、dusk.The noise has died down.Many trees are dying off for lack of water.2 loss n.损失 遗失 丧失 lose v.suffer a a great loss 遭受重大损失at a loss 不知所措eg:The company suffer a great loss as a result of that mistake.3 hunt vt/vi 打猎 猎取 /搜寻 hunt for sth=search for sth寻找某物 go hunting 去打猎 eg:Weather permitting,well g
3、o hunting this Sunday morning.She is still hunt for a new job.4 respond vi 回答 回应 对.做出反应 回信respond to eg:She responded briefly to the questions.n.response in response to 对.回应 make a quick reaponse to 对.作出快速反应 eg:Im writing in response to your letter.5.relief n (痛苦、忧虑）的减轻、消除 v,relieve 减轻缓解 in relief 如
4、释重负 松了口气 eg:Seeing the lost children,the mother was in relief.to ones relief 令某人感到欣慰的是 eg:To her relief,her son was out of dangerThose who suffer from headache will find they get _ from this medicine.A.relief B.safety C.defense D.shelter【点拨点拨】选选A。题意：那些头痛的人会发。题意：那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能减轻疼痛。现这种药物能减轻疼痛。relief 符
5、合题符合题意。意。safety安全；安全；defense防御，防护防御，防护；shelter遮蔽，庇护。遮蔽，庇护。relief from sth.减轻减轻e.g.The drug gives some relief from pain.这种药可以减轻一些这种药可以减轻一些 痛苦。痛苦。6.mercy n 仁慈 宽恕 怜悯 ask/beg for mercy 请求宽恕 show mercy to sb=have mercy on sb 同情，怜悯某人 without mercy毫不留情地，残忍地 at the mercy of sb 任由某人控制或摆布Period Oneto at on wi
6、thout 7.certain adj 1）某个，某些（仅做定语）The library is only open at certain times of day.2)确定的，一定=surefor certain =for sure 无疑地 确定地 be certain to do sth 一定会做某事 be certain of/about sth 对某事有把握 be certain that 确信 It is certain that 对.有把握 certainly adv.eg:He is certain to come.=It is certain that he will come.
7、Im certain of your seccess.=Im certain that you will succeed.8.contain vt.1)包含，容纳，装有eg How much will this bottle contain?Fruits contain many vitamins.2)抑制，控制，克制（强烈的情感）contain oneself 克制自己eg Try to contain your anger.辨析：contain&include.contain 指某物装在比其更大的物体内。include 指某物为整体的一部分或一个要素。eg:The jar contains
8、 olives.The meal includes steak.注意，including 为介词，included 为形容词比较：Everyone laughed,including me(me included).8 affect v 侵袭 感染 1)影响=influnence As a matter of fact,your opinion will not affect my decision.2)感动=move Most people present at the meeting were deeply affected by his speech.effect n have an e
9、ffect on=have an influence on 对.产生影响9 attention n.注意，关注，注意力 pay attention to 注意 fix/focus ones attention on sth 把注意力集中在.上 draw/attract/catch/get ones attention to 吸引某人对.的注意eg.She is always pay little attention to her own health.Most attention must be paid _the endangered animals.A protect B to prote
10、ct C to protecting D proteting c10 appreciate vt 欣赏 鉴赏 感激 意识到 eg:I appreciate your help very much.appreciate 后不接to do 作宾语，但可接名词、代词、或动名词做宾语。Appreciate ones doing sth 感激某人做某事 I would appreciate it if 假如我将不胜感激 eg:I would appreciate it if you could deal with the difficult problem for me.B11 succeed v 成功
11、 1)成功 Succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 eg:She studied very hard,as a result,he succeed in passing the entrance examination to college.2）继承，接替，继任 succeed sb as 接替某人担任.Trump succeed Obama as president in the USA.succeed to sth.继承某物 eg:The prince succeeded to the throne after the kings death.success n.succes
12、sful adj.fail v failure n12 employ employ 雇佣 利用（时间、精力）=make use of employ sb 雇佣某人 employ time 利用时间 Employ sb to be/as 雇佣某人担任 eg:She has been employed as a secretary in a big company.employ sb to do sth 雇佣某人做某事 sb be employed in doing sth 忙于做某事 employer 雇主，employee 雇员Period Onehas been employed as ha
13、ve been employed to deal with was employed in making 13 harm 对某人有害 Do harm to sb 对有害 eg:Smoking do great harm to our health.mean no harm 无恶意，不想伤害 eg:Shes a terrible gossip but she means no harm.harmful adj.同义词：damage.injury.hurtPeriod Onedoes harm to our health theres no harm in asking/it does nohar
14、m to ask14 inspect vt.检查 视察(强调上级对下级的检查）n.inspection inspector 检查员 视察员eg:The mayor will inspect our school tommorrow.同义词：examine 检查，可指身体检查 check 强调”核实“inspection inspector inspecting 15 come into being 出现；形成；产生 注意，不能用于被动语态，也不能用于被动语态eg:When did the first calculating machine come into being?come into e
15、ffect/force 开始实施；生效 come into use开始使用 come into power 上台，当权 come across 偶然遇见 Come out 出版 开花 come up 被提出 发芽 走近 Come about 产生 造成B本课栏目开关本课栏目开关16 so that so that(1)因此，结果，以致于，用于引导结果状语从句。The niece was spoiled so that she became more and more naughty.(2)以便，为了，用于引导目的状语从句，此时从句中常含有情态动词may/might，can/could，should，would等。Many athletes take part in the Olympic Games so that they can win glory for their homeland.in order to so as to C
