1、高考情态动词练习题及答案详解一、单项选择情态动词1Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You _ have fixed full attention on it.AcanBshouldCneedDmight【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:看!你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构,can have done表示可能;need表示需要;might have done表示可能做过某事;故选B。2I dont rea
2、lly like Janes. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He come. He said he wast certain what his plans were.Amust notBneed notCwould notDmight not【答案】D【解析】考察情态动词,题干中的he wasnt certain说明他可能不来,可能来,因此使用不完全否定,might not。3- Did Jim come?- I dont know. He _ while I was out.Amight have comeBmight comeCmust have
3、comeDshould have come【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词推测用法。句意:Jim来了吗?-我不知道,在我不在的时候,可能来过。根据前文I dont know.可知,说话者不知道Jim来没来,因此后文推测来过,但是语气很不确定,故可知选A。对过去情况的推测 为情态动词+have done,must have done 一定做了某事,should have done 应该来过,不符合,故选A。【点睛】情态动词+have+过去分词的用法,表示推测或判断过去的情况。can/could+have+过去分词用法:多用于否定句和疑问句中。表示对过去某事发生的可能性的否定或质疑,意为:不
4、可能(已经).了-(否定句)/可能(已经).了嘛?-(疑问句)用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾,含有轻微的责备,意为:本来可以.的(但实际上没有.)。You could have done better, but you were too careless.(肯定句。他能做得更好的)should/ought to+have+过去分词用法:用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾,含有责备的意思,意为:本来应该.的(但实际上没有.)。用于否定句中-表示对过去已经做了某事的责备,意为:本来不应该.的(但实际上已经.了)。He should have been asleep.(肯定句,他本应
5、去睡觉的)He shouldnt have been asleep.(否定句,他本来不应该去睡觉的)。may/might+have+过去分词用法:用于肯定句和否定句中,表示对过去发生某事的可能性的推测,意为:或许(已经)./或许还没有.。It is too late. He may have gone to bed.must+have+过去分词用法:表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测。must表示推测时,不能用在否定句和疑问句中。I must have forgotten to tell you.(must 的引入,表达了说话者对过去忘记告诉你的这件事肯定推测)neednt+have+过去分词
6、用法:表示对过去已经做了某事的后悔,意为:本来可以不必.的(可实际上却已经.)You neednt have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my home.4It is really cold and the ground is wet; it _ have rained last night.AmightBmustCcanDshould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:天气很冷而且地面是湿的,昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the ground is wet可知,“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的,故用must have done“必定做了
7、”表示对过去十分有把握的推测,故选B。【点睛】must have done用法辨析must have done:表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测,推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过(存在过)。He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生,他对医学如此了解。Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. 该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, b
8、ecause the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下,因为水都冻住了。如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用,还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测,但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如:They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了,现在肯定已经到了。中国学生的常见病句是:They.; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到达了。”(这不是对过去的肯定推测,而是断定动
9、作已经完成。)5 Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window? Well, if you _. I can put on more clothes.AcanBmayCmustDshall【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:-不好意思,我把窗户打开你介意吗?- 好吧,如果你必须这么做的话。我可以多穿点衣服。A. can能够;B. may可能;C. must一定;必须;D. shall会;将。must表示偏要,必须要做的事情,故选C。6-He was satisfied with the result, wasnt he?-No. It was
10、 so difficult that he _have passed it.AshouldntBmustntCcouldn tDwouldnt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。A. shouldnt 不应该;B. mustnt禁止,不允许;C. couldn t 不可能;D. wouldnt不会。句意:-他对结果很满意,是吗? -不。考试太难了,他不可能通过。固定结构:couldn t have done“不可能做某事”,此处是对过去事情有把握的否定推测。故选C。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构:1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语
11、气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如:He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如:They m
12、ay not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如:I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如:You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.(但没有
13、) He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.(可是做了) 6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如:I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.7It wasnt right to me that s
14、uch near neighbors not know one another.AcouldBwouldCshouldDmight【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:对我来说,很不正常,如此近的邻居居然不认识。A. could可能,能够;B. would将;C. should竟然;D. might可能,也许。should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的,常常译为竟会、居然,住的这么近的邻居居然不认识。表示意外,所以答案选C。【点睛】should的用法1、should 作为情态动词,通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务,译作“应该”、“应当”,这时它可以
15、和 ought to, be supposed to 互换使用.例如:You should (= ought to ) tell your mother about it at once.2、should 作为情态动词,可以用在条件状语从句中,表示语气较强的假设,译作“万一”、“竟然”,这时也可将 should 置于从句之首,即将 should 放在主语前面,而省略从属连词 if。例如:If you should fail to come, ask Mrs Chen to work in your place. (= Should you fail to come, ask Mrs Chen
16、to work in your place. )3、should 作为情态动词,可以表示谦逊、客气、委婉之意,译为“可”、“倒”。例如:I should say that it would be better to try it again.4、should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的.尤其在以 why, who, how 等开头的修辞疑问句或某些感叹句中常常译为“竟会”、“居然”。例如:How should I know it ? 我怎么会知道这件事?5、should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示有较大可能实现的猜测、推论,通常译为“可能”、“总该吧”,相
17、当于 be expected to 。例如:They should be home by now, I think. 我想现在他们总该到家了吧。6、should 作为情态动词,用在由 so that, for fear that, lest 引导的目的状语从句和 in case (that) 引导的条件状语从句中,有“能够”、“可能”、“会”之意。例如:They got up early so that they should (= could/ might) catch the first bus in time.7、should 作为情态动词,可以用于下列虚拟语气句中:(1) 用在表示与将
18、来事实相反的条件状语从句中,构成“ If should (do sth), would/ could/ might (do sth.) ”句式。(2) 用在 suggest (propose), arrange, plan, decide, advise, order, demand, request, desire, insist 等表示“建议”、“要求”、“命令”、“决定”、“安排”、“计划”、“主张”的动词后面接的宾语从句中。这里的 should 也可以省略。本句中should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的,常常译为竟会、居然,住的这么近的邻居居然不认
19、识。表示意外,所以答案选C。8Lack of sleep _ lead to weakened immunity and memory, and also slow physical growth.AshallBmustCshouldDcan【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:睡眠不足会导致免疫力和记忆力下降,还会减缓身体发育。A. shall将;B. must必须;C. should应该;D. can会,表示理论上或是逻辑判断上,用can,故选D。9What happened to the young trees we planted last week?The trees _
20、 well, but I didnt water them.Amight growBneednt have grownCwould have grownDwould grow【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气。我们上周种的小树怎么了?这些小树本来会长得很好,但是我们没有给 它们浇水。根据语境可知,此处是对过去的事实进行假设,故本题选C。10Whats wrong with you?Oh, I am sick. I _ so much ice cream just now.Ashouldnt eatBmustnt eatCcouldnt have eatenDshouldnt have eaten【
21、答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意:你怎么了?我生病了,我刚才不应该吃那么多冰激凌。A. shouldnt eat不应该吃;B. mustnt eat禁止吃;C. couldnt have eaten不可能吃;D. shouldnt have eaten本来不应该吃。根据just now可知,是发生在过去,故选D。11It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.AmayBcanCmustDshould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表猜测的用法。句意:一定是汤姆
22、把车停在这儿的,因为他是唯一有车的人。A. may可能;B. can可能;C. must一定;D. should应该。由as he is the only one with a car.可知一定是他把车停在这里的,非常有把握的肯定推测,故选C。12_ you sing and dance at this late hour of the night?Sorry, I will stop right now.AMayBShallCWillDMust【答案】D【解析】试题分析:考查情态动词的用法。 May可以,可能 Shall:用于第一三人称的疑问句,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。用于二三
23、人称的陈述句表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等。用于法律、法规条文、合同等,按规定应该履行的义务等。Will 表示请求或建议;表示意愿或表示现在的习惯D. Must表示“必须”“一定”“偏要”之意。此处must表示“偏要,偏偏”。句意:你偏要在深夜又唱又跳吗?很抱歉,我会马上停止。考点:考查情态动词的用法。13Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I _ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.Ashoul
24、d have doneBneed have doneCwould have doneDmust have done【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:坦率地说,我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这件事,这看起来很奇怪和可笑。A. should have done表示本应该做某事,而实际上没有做某事;B. need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做;C. would have done虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是“本来会做”;D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”。由“in the old days”可
25、知,本句表示对过去事情的假设。故选C项。14Its already 11 oclock , and he _ have been here half an hour ago.Maybe he got caught in the rain.AmustBought toCmayDcan【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:已经11点了,他半小时前就该到了。A. must have done必定做了(表示对过去的推测);B. ought to have done 本应该做的;C. may have done可能已经做过某事;D. can have done本来可以做的(但没有做),根据题意,
26、故选B。15We _ take clean drinking water for granted. One day we may run out of it.AneedntBcantCwontDshouldnt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们不应该把拥有洁净的饮用水看作是理所当然的。也许有一天,我们会用完它。shouldnt“不应该”,符合句意。neednt不必;cant不可能;wont将不。故选D。16Its so cold here! Why havent you turned on your air-conditioner?Well, it _ turn on.Asho
27、uldntBcantCwontDshant【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:这里太冷了!你为什么不把空调打开呢?嗯,这个空调老是打不开。A. shouldnt不应该;B. cant不能;C. wont偏偏不,老是不,此处是表示习惯或倾向;D. shant不会。这里使用will的否定wont表示事物的自然属性“空调总是开不开”。故选C项。17-We want someone to design the new art museum for me.-_ the young fellow have a try?AShallBMayCWillDNeed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词
28、。句意:我们想找人为我设计一个新的艺术博物馆。是不是让这位年轻小伙子试一试?shall作为情态动词,用于二三人称,表示询问,警告,允诺,命令,决心,强制等语气。will作为情态动词,用于主语是各种人称的陈述句中,表示意愿和倾向。用于第二人称的疑问句中,表请求。故选A。18Students _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected according to the regulation.AwouldBshallCwillDcould【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:学生们必须呆在自己的座位上,直到
29、所有的试卷都被收回。根据句意,“学生们呆在自己的座位上”是一项规定。shall 可表示某种规定或义务,用于第二、三人称的句子中。而其他情态动词无此用法。故正确答案为B。19Where is my dictionary?I remember I put it here yesterday.You_it in the wrong place.Amust putBshould have putCmight putDmight have put【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我的词典在哪里?我记得昨天放在这里了。你或许放错了地方。“might have +动词+ed形式”表示过去可能完成
30、的动作。根据所提供的情景Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday.可判断出把词典放在某个地方发生在过去,所以要用“might have +动词+ed形式”。“should have + 动词+ed形式”表示“(过去)本来应该做某事”。must意为“一定”,是肯定的推测,与所提供的情景的矛盾。might put表示现在发生的事。故选D。20I _ worry about my weekendI always have my plans ready before it comes.AcantBmustntCdarentDn
31、eednt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我没有必要担心我的周末,我总是在周末到来之前做好计划。A. cant 不可能;B. mustnt禁止;C. darent不敢; D .neednt没有必要。由“I always have my plans ready before it comes ”可知,neednt “没有必要” 符合句意。故选D。21The door _ open, no matter how hard she pushed.AshouldntBcouldntCwouldntDmightnt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:无论她怎么使劲推,门就是打不开
32、。A. shouldnt不应该;B. couldnt不能够;C. wouldnt不愿意;D. mightnt可能不。will及其过去式would均可表示一种倾向性、习惯。故选C。22- Difficulties always go with me!- Cheer up! If God closes door in front of you, there be a window opened for you.AmustBwouldCcouldDcan【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:困难总是伴随着我!高兴点! 如果上帝在你面前关上了门,一定有一扇窗户为你打开。A. must必须;
33、B. would将要;C. could能,会;D. can能,会。must表示对现在的状态推测时,意为“一定”,表示可能性很大的推测。符合语境。故选A。【点睛】1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测,意为一定。2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时, must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。 3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时,must 要接完成式。4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测,must 后面要接完成进行式。5) 否定推测用cant。本句中的。must表示对现在的状态推测时,意为一定,表示可能性很大的推测。符合第2点用法。23A
34、I will surely be a feature of future life, but it _ be used responsibly and in a proper way.AcanBneedCmustDwill【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:人工智能肯定会成为未来生活的一个特征,但必须以负责任的方式和适当的方式使用它。A. can能够;B. need需要;C. must必须;D. will将会。此处为情态动词的一般用法,结合句意表示“必须”,故选C。24It turned out that the hotel was so near. I _ the taxi.Ane
35、ednt have takenBmust have takenCshould takeDcould take【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:结果证明这家宾馆非常近。我本不必乘坐出租车。neednt have done表示“本不必做某事实际上做了”,根据句意,旅馆很近不用乘坐出租车,但是乘车了。故选A。25I _my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes.Ashould passBcould have passedChad passedDmust have passed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+h
36、ave done的用法。句意为:我本来能够轻松地通过这次考试的,但是我犯了太多愚蠢的错误。结合语境可知,此处考查虚拟语气,且与过去的事实相反,应用could/would/might have done的结构,could have passed本能通过(事实上未通过),故选B项。【点睛】本题考查情态动词的过去式+have done的虚拟语气的用法,常见结构有should/shouldnt have done; could/couldnt have done/ would/wouldnt have done/ need/ neednt have done/ might have done例如:Wi
37、thout your help, I couldnt have passed the test.如果没有你的帮助,我本不能通过测试。It cleared up, I neednt have brought the umbrella.天放晴了,我本没有必要带伞的。26Peter, you delivered a wonderful speech today.Thanks, but I think I _ more attention to my stage manners during that time.Amust payBshould payCmust have paidDshould ha
38、ve paid【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:-彼得,你今天的演讲很精彩。-谢谢,但我认为在那段时间我应该多注意我的舞台礼仪。should have done表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做某事。由“but”可知,我那段时间本应该多注意我的舞台礼仪,而实际上并没有注意。故选D项。27Life _ be very hard for people living in the north of Canada as it is very cold there in winter.Yes, the weather there _ be as low as 60 below
39、 zero.Amust; canBshall; mustCwill; shouldDhas to; can【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。根据句意:对于生活在加拿大北方的人来说生活肯定很艰难,因为冬天那儿很冷。是的,那儿的天气可能会达到零下60度。must表肯定推测,意为“肯定,一定”,can表客观上的可能性,意为“可能”。根据语境及选项可知,A选项正确。故选A。28How long shall we wait here?The first bus set out earlier than usual today and _ be here any time, I think.Asho
40、uldBmightCcanDmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意:我们要在这里等多久?首班车比往常发车的时间早了,我推测可能会在任意时间到达。should 用于表示事实上的可能性或者推测,多用于肯定句。故选A。29What do you think we can do for our aged parents?You _ do anything except to be with them.Adont have toBoughtnt toCmustntDcant【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:你认为我们能为年迈的父母做些什么?除了和他们在一起,你不必做任
41、何事情。A. dont have to不必;B. oughtnt to不应该;C. mustnt不可以;D. cant不能。根据语境可知,此处表示客观性的必须,dont have toexcept to“除了不必做”。故选A。【点睛】have to表示客观需求时,使用have to的情况要比must多。have to受客观条件或环境迫使而“不得不”做某事,突出客观性。must一般则表示命令或说话人主观认为必须要做某事,含强调语气,侧重主观性。有时候也使用be+不定式表示需要做某事,但语气较弱一些。如:I am to do it, whether I like it or not.must表示客
42、观性的需要时,一般翻译为“总是要(会)”。如:All men must die. 人故有一死。ought to表示必须时,偏责任,推想等。如:You ought to work hard.30No driving after drinking is a rule that every driver _ obey in our country.AwillBshallCmayDcan【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考察情态动词。A. 将要 B.将要 C.可能D.可以。Will 表示请求、建议、意志、愿望和决心。Shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对话的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。May表示请求和允许;用于祈使句表示决心;表示推测、可能性。Can表示能力;请求和允许。句意:酒后驾车是每一位驾车者在我们国家应当遵守的规则。故选B。考点:考察情态动词