1、 宾语从句The Object Clause什么是宾语I like my teacher.（名词作宾语)I enjoy playing basketball.(动名词作宾语）I decide to study hard.（不定式作宾语）I know him.（代词作宾语）宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。我们 知道 姚明We know Yao Ming 我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员We know宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。一 什么 是宾语从句？试比较宾o宾o主s 谓vhe is a famous
2、 basketball player主主s s谓谓v v宾宾o othat连接词我们 知道 他是一个著名的篮球运动员谓v主s宾语从句三要点一、语序二、引导词三、时态有哪些句子可以做宾语？1，陈述句，he is a famous basketball player2,一般疑问句，Will our teachers attend the meeting？3，特殊疑问句，which coat did you prefer?My name isMy favorite sport isI amI speak/have/likeI can playAre you?Can you play?Do you d
3、o?Where are you?What can you do?How do you do?陈述句-一般疑问句特殊疑问句结构比较_ +_+_主语主语谓语谓语.?_ +_ +_特殊特殊疑问词疑问词一般一般疑问句疑问句 be情态动词情态动词助动词助动词_/_ /_+_ +_主语主语谓语谓语?陈述句一般疑问句特殊疑问句_+_+_ 结构比较be情态动词助动词主语谓语_ +_ +_ .主语?_+_+_特殊疑问词一般疑问句?_ +_+_ 主语?_ +_ +_主语结论:陈述句和疑问句最本质的区别是陈述句中的be动词,情态动词,助动词在主语后,而在疑问句中,它们则在主语前句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语
4、序宾语从句必须用陈述句语序 2 疑问句结构叫疑问语序 将下列句子改成陈述句语序：1.Is there a bank near here?2.Is it on Fifth Avenue?3.Are they doing homework?There is a bank near here It is on Fifth Avenue They are doing homework 4.Does she work in a hospital?5.Did you go to Center Park?6.Do we have to wear a uniform?she works in a hospit
5、al you went to Center Park we have to wear a uniformwe can wear hats in school 7.Can we wear hats in school?Wheres your pen pal from?Where does he live?What language does she speak?Why do you like pandas?Where your pen pal is from Where he livesWhat language she speaks Why you like pandas?1.由that引导的
6、宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said(that)he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know(that)she is seriously ill.I am sure(that)he will succeed.宾语从句的类型练一练1.This is a book.2.You like singing.3.He worked last night.4.They will go home.5.Jim has been to Beijing.6.She sings well.用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语
7、从句:1.I know 2.She says 3.Tell your friend（that）一般疑问句做宾语我问他是否想去游泳1,改为陈述句语气，2，用if/whether连接I ask Does he want to go swim?he wants to go swimIf/whetherI ask 2.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if(whether)he lives there.He asked me whether(if)I could help him.练一练1.Is he reading?
8、2.Do you get up at six?3.Does Tom work hard?4.Did you watch TV?5.Will they read books?6.Can you sing?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks if/whether特殊疑问句做宾语我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？Which tie do you like best特殊疑问句变成 陈述语序连接词就是疑问词本身I wonderI wonder ATTENTIONwhich tie you like best?3.
9、由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who(whom)they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.练一练What is this?What are you doing?Where do you live?
10、When does he get up?How did you go to work?Who will you play with?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语句:1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.Can you tell me 4.The man asked 1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。e.g I hear(that)Tom has been to Guilin twice.I hear(that)she will come tomorrow.I hear(that)Jim went to w
11、ork an hour ago.I hear(that)he is interested in English.宾语从句的时态的变化四.宾语从句中时态的变化I hear(that)Jim (be)a worker two years ago.Jim (be)an English teacher now.Jim (cook)dinner tomorrow.Jim (sing)a popular song now.Jim (be)to the Great Wall twice.Jim (play)basketball when his father came back.Jim (learn)100
12、0 Chinese words by the end of last semester.填一填wasiswill cookis singinghas beenwas playinghad learned1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。e.g He said(that)he would go to Xian.He said(that)he was ill yesterday.He said(that)he was reading
13、 a book.He said(that)he had had supper already.3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon.The teacher told the students that no news is good news.The PE teacher said that doing morning exercise is useful to our health.2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从
14、句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）1)He will go to Hong Kong.2)He is sick.3)He is reading a book.4)He has finished his work.1)He to Hong Kong.2)He sick.3)He a book.4)HeHe said辨一辨would go waswas reading his work.had finished 确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从 句 时 态连 接 前连 接 后一般现在时时态保持不变一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时
15、一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时宾语从句三要素引导词引导词that（陈述句）ifwhether（一般疑问句）特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句)时态时态主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态主句为一般过去时主句为一般过去时从句从句一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去将来时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理 自然现象公式定理 名言警句 时态不变七.本课小结.Find out the mistakes and correct them.1 Could you tell me where do they live?2 She knew that
16、Danny is a student.3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn.4 Do you know who car it is?找错误wasiswhoseII.改错：1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school._Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east._Father told me the sun always rises in th
17、e east.3.He doesnt know that when she can come back._He doesnt know when she can come back.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系三、人称的变化1.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“I was born in Zhangjiajie.”He said.He said that he was born in Zhangjiajie.“You must give me my pen.”he told me-He told
18、me that I must give him his pen.“They go to the park.”she said.-She said that they went to the park.一随主二随宾第三人称不变化直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系三、标点的使用2.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。“Who are you?”Can you tell me?Can you tell me who you are?“His sister goes to the park.”he said.-He said that his sister went
19、 to the park.将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you say at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to make friends with us?He asked.4.“I am doing my homework.”He said.5.“I will come back.”Tom said.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will
20、sayat the meeting?He asked if they liked to make friends with them.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.6.“Is he doing his homework?”Jim asked.7.“When will he come back?”Tom asked.8.“How can I get to the station?”Could you tell me?9.“Why is the train late?”Would yo
21、u tell me?10.“Where is Tom?”They asked.Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was.Jim asked if he was doing his homework.“Why is the train late?”Would you tell me?2.“Where is Tom?”They asked.3.“Do
22、you know her telephone number？”He asked me.He asked me if I know her telephone number.Do you know？Where does he live？Do you know where he lives？Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was.将下列句子合并为一句:1.“I am doing my homework.”He said.2.“I will come back.”Tom said.3.“I can finish
23、 my work before supper.”He said.He said that he could finish his work before supper.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句 She asked,“Do you often come here to read newspaper?”“Will they go to visit the Great Wall?”he asked.
24、She asked if(whether)I often came here to read newspaper.He asked if(whether)they would go visit the Great Wall.如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether；语序变为陈述语序。1.What did Mike say?He said _.A.if you are free the next week B.what colour was itC.the weather is fine D.summer comes after spring2.Let me tell you _.A.
25、how much is the car B.how much does the car costC.how much did I pay for the car D.how much I spent on the car3.Peter knew _.A.whether he has finished reading the book B.why the boy had so many questionsC.there were 12 months in a year D.when they will leave for Paris4.Could you tell me _?A.where do
26、 you live B.who you are waiting for C.who were you waiting for D.where you live in5.She told me the sun _ in the east.A.rise B.rose C.rises D.had risen6.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday.A.why did he get C.why does he get B.why he gets D.why he got练一练()1.Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002.A.wher
27、e does she live B.Where she lives C.where did she live D.where she lived()2.Would you please tell me _?A.when did he come home B.where would he play football C.if had he seen the film D.why he didnt watch the game()3.Do you know _ I could pass the exam?A.that B.whether C.what D.which()4.I want to kn
28、ow_.A.what is his name B.whats his name C.that his name is D.what his name isDDBD()5.I dont know when _.A.will the train leave B.the train will leave C.would the train leave D.the train leave()6.-We dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Sweden.A.what he is B.if he lives here C.where he comes f
29、rom D.which country is he from()7.Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday?A.what will Tom do B.what did Tom do C.what Tom will do D.what Tom did()8.Could you tell me _ she is looking for?A.that B.whose C.who D.whichBCCC 1.I hear(that)_.(一小时后他会回来）he will be back in an hourhe missed us very muc
30、h 3.The teacher told us(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）the earth moves around the sun2.He said(that)_.(他非常想念我们）完成句子4.I want to know _ _.(他是否跟我们一起去公园)if(whether)he will go to the park with us 5.Ask him _.(他是否能来)whether(if)he can come6.Please tell me _ _.(我们将什么时候开会)7.Can you tell me _.(他在哪儿)8.Could you tell me _ _.(
31、我该怎么去车站)when well have a meetingwhere he is how I can get to the station由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if(whether)he lives there.He asked me whether(if)I could help him.注意一下情况只用whether，不用if。1.whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用。如：Let me know whether you can come or not.Let me
32、 know if you can come or not.2.当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如：Whether it is true or not,I cant tell.If it is true or not,I cant tell.3.whether可以引导带to的不定式。如：I dont know whether to accept or refuse.I dont know if to accept or refuse.4.whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings
33、.I worry about if I hurt her feelings.If 与whether 的区别I dont know _ he will come or not.I dont care of _ he is handsome.He wondered _ to stay here the next week._ he will come is not decided.与or not 连用只能用whether介词后只能用whether与to do 不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用whether1.What did Mike say?He said _.A.if you are
34、 free the next week B.what colour was itC.the weather is fine D.summer comes after spring2.Let me tell you _.A.how much is the car B.how much does the car costC.how much did I pay for the car D.how much I spent on the car3.Peter knew _.A.whether he has finished reading the book B.why the boy had so
35、many questionsC.there were 12 months in a year D.when they will leave for Paris4.Could you tell me _?A.where do you live B.who you are waiting for C.who were you waiting for D.where you live in5.She told me the sun _ in the east.A.rise B.rose C.rises D.had risen6.I dont know _ up so early last Sunda
36、y.A.why did he get C.why does he get B.why he gets D.why he got7.The manager came up to see _.A.what was the matter B.what the matter wasC.what the matter is D.whats the matter8.He asked his father _.where it happens B.where did it happen C.how it happened D.how did it happen9.No one tells us_,so we
37、 need your help.how we should do B.what should we doC.how to do it D.what to do it10.Could you please teach me _ the computer.A.how check C.how to checkB.to check D.to how checking11.Where do you think _ he _ the TV set?Sorry,Ive no idea.A./,bought B.has,bought C.did,buy D.did boughtDo you know _?A.
38、where does she live B.she lives whereC.where she lives D.where she live2.His parents wanted to know what he _at that time.A.is doing B.was doing C.has done D.will doCB巩固练习：I从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。4Lilys mother looked for her for half an hour,but could not find _?what Lily was B.what was Lily C.where
39、Lily was D.where was LilyA.C3.We dont know _.-It is said that he was born in Canada.what he is B.when he was born C.where he comes from D.if he lives hereA.C5 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A.travelled B.has travelled C.travels D.had travelled AC
