1、 长难句理解长难句理解高中英语高中英语1、带有较多成分的简单句。、带有较多成分的简单句。Having chosen family television programs and womens magazines，the toothpaste marketer，for instance，must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific womens magazines to be used.一、长难句的分类一、长难句的分类2、含有多个简单句的并列句。、含有多个简单句的并列句。In the
2、1970s,he was a surgeon at Yale，and had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.I cant live in fear of the possibility that as the earths population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的不能再生的)resources，our children may have to lead poorer lives.3、含有
3、多个从句的复合句。、含有多个从句的复合句。4、含有多个插入成分的句子。、含有多个插入成分的句子。His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently（无知地）（无知地）enough when,as chairman of Computer Associates International，a software company，he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system.5、并列复合句。、并列复合句。I have known
4、changes for the better and changes for the worse，but I have never questioned the fact that whether I liked it or not，change was unavoidable.Before 1066,in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.6、倒装句。倒装句。句句 子子判判 断断简单句简单句并列句并列句复合句复合句主主 干干并列连词并列连词从属连词从属
5、连词(1)(1)结构分析法结构分析法 通过语法分析，迅速弄清句子的结通过语法分析，迅速弄清句子的结构，把握住句子的基本框架。构，把握住句子的基本框架。首先，判断该首先，判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；然后，找句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；然后，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再分出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再分清句子附属成分。清句子附属成分。三、分析长难句的方法策略三、分析长难句的方法策略方法一：较复杂单句的处理方法方法一：较复杂单句的处理方法找主、找主、谓语，即找主干成分谓语，即找主干成分 KUALA LUMPUR-Investigators believe someone a
6、board a missing Malaysian airplane deliberately shut off its communications and tracking systems,turned the plane around and flew for nearly seven hours after it vanished,Prime Minister Najib Razak said on Saturday.例例1.（湖南卷真题卷）（湖南卷真题卷）Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attackin patients with severa
7、l common risk factors,including familyhistory of early heart disease,high blood pressure,age and smoking.57.Taking Lipitor is helpful for _.A.breast-feeding women B.women who are pregnant C.adults having heart disease D.teenagers with liver problems 莉普特可以降低有多种心脏病诱因的病人的患心脏病的莉普特可以降低有多种心脏病诱因的病人的患心脏病的风险
8、，这些诱因包括：患有早期家族遗传心脏病、高血压、风险，这些诱因包括：患有早期家族遗传心脏病、高血压、老龄化和抽烟等。老龄化和抽烟等。11例例2.A child-like robot,Wakamaru,developed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries of Japan and combining the roles of nurse,companion and security guard,will soon be in the market to look after the growing number of old people with no one to
9、 look after them.67.What is the best title for the passage?A.The Latest Development of Robot B.Japanese Robot and the Aging Society C.Vast Market of the New Robot D.Japanese-built Robot to Help the Old 一个由日本一个由日本Mitsubishi Heavy Industries开发的，并且开发的，并且结合了护士，伙伴和安全护卫角色的像小孩一样的机器人结合了护士，伙伴和安全护卫角色的像小孩一样的机器
10、人Wakamaru，将很快进入市场来照看越来越多的无人照看，将很快进入市场来照看越来越多的无人照看的老年人。的老年人。12例例3.I wrote letters,fill out forms,translated at interviews withImmigration officers,took my grandparents to the doctor and translated there,and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives.59.What can we learn about the aut
11、hor from Para 4 A.She worked as a translator.B.She attended a lot of job interviews.C.She paid telephone bills for her family.D.She helped her family with her English.我写信，填表，在移民局的面试中翻译，带我祖父母去我写信，填表，在移民局的面试中翻译，带我祖父母去看医生并顺便充当翻译，甚至和公司代表讨论电话账单。看医生并顺便充当翻译，甚至和公司代表讨论电话账单。13方法二：并列句的处理方法方法二：并列句的处理方法-找并列连词找并列
12、连词 Miss Germaines mother looked anxious through the wedding Mr.Cordells parents are reported to be less than delighted.and1.Perhaps alcoholism and drug addiction really are“diseases,”as many people say,but my own feeling based,of course,not on any serious study is that most alcoholics and drug addic
13、ts belong to the “undeserving poor.”15Listeningbut,while,however,unlike,whereas,nevertheless,though,although,instead,on the contrary,different from,in contrast,by contrast,on the contrary,despite,in spite of,opposite16例例4.（湖南卷真题卷）（湖南卷真题卷）The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognitio
14、n of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories:happy,sad,surprised,fearful,disgusted,angry,or neutral.67.What were the people asked to do in the study?A.To make a fa
15、ce at each other B.To get their faces impressiveC.To classify some face pictures D.To observe the researchers faces 研究者们研究了读懂他人的脸部表情方面的文化差异，这研究者们研究了读懂他人的脸部表情方面的文化差异，这些研究是通过观察些研究是通过观察13个西方白种人和个西方白种人和13个东方亚洲人的脸部表个东方亚洲人的脸部表情的图片，并予以分类：高兴，悲伤，惊讶，害怕，厌恶，生情的图片，并予以分类：高兴，悲伤，惊讶，害怕，厌恶，生气或中立，从而记录下他们的眼部运动而进行的。气或中立
16、，从而记录下他们的眼部运动而进行的。17例例7.Born in Chicago in 1902,brought up and schooled in Nebraska,the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.69.The words“hooked on teaching”underlined i
17、n Paragraph 2 probably mean _.A.attracted to teaching B.tired of teaching C.satisfied with teaching D.unhappy about teaching 19岁的大学毕业生岁的大学毕业生 Ralph Tyler 1902 年出生于芝加哥，在年出生于芝加哥，在Nebraska抚养长大并受教育；当他在抚养长大并受教育；当他在South Dakota当科学老师当科学老师时，变得对教学感兴趣，从而改变了他的主修专业，从医学改时，变得对教学感兴趣，从而改变了他的主修专业，从医学改成了教育。成了教育。18方法三
18、：主从复合句处理方法方法三：主从复合句处理方法-找从属连词找从属连词 a womans closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage，it wasnt unusual to hear a man say he didnt know his friends marriage was in serious trouble he appeared one night asking he could sleep on the sofa.Whereasthatthatuntil找主干，理清
19、思路；找主干，理清思路；寻关联，辨认逻辑寻关联，辨认逻辑即先寻找即先寻找主句主句-整个句子的骨架，特别是主句的整个句子的骨架，特别是主句的谓语动词谓语动词，再寻，再寻找找从属连词从属连词，辨认和确定从句与主句的逻辑关系（从句是主句，辨认和确定从句与主句的逻辑关系（从句是主句的何种成分）。的何种成分）。Practice 2 No one can hold back the tide of revolution any more than a man with a broom can hold a blood that has burst the dam.例例5.I believe the mai
20、n reason why the modern hunter kills is that he thinks people will admire his courage in overpowering dangerous animals.73.The author thinks modern hunters kill mainly _.A.to make the countryside safe B.to earn peoples admiration C.to gain power and influence D.to improve their health 我相信现代猎人捕猎的主要原因
21、是他认为人们会钦佩他我相信现代猎人捕猎的主要原因是他认为人们会钦佩他制服了危险动物的勇气。制服了危险动物的勇气。21方法四：并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法方法四：并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法 先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句 you ask people to name one person had the greatest effect on the English language,you will get answers like“Shakespeare”,“Samuel Johnson”,and“Webster”,none of these men had a
22、ny effect at all compared to a man didnt even speak EnglishWilliam,the Conqueror.butIfwhowho分层次，先并列，后主从分层次，先并列，后主从即即先找出其中的并列连词，然后再根据并列连词的意思理清分先找出其中的并列连词，然后再根据并列连词的意思理清分句之间的关系（顺连关系、反连关系、因果关系或转折关系句之间的关系（顺连关系、反连关系、因果关系或转折关系等），再通过从属连词辨别主从复合句的逻辑关系。等），再通过从属连词辨别主从复合句的逻辑关系。Practice 3 He found out that Kit W
23、illiams had spent his childhood near Ampthill，in Bedfordshire，and thought that he must have tried the hare in a place he knew well，but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon,until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in
24、 her honor in 1773例例6.The value of the lecture is that it can present to a large number of people information which is not readily available in books,that it can give you an opportunity to hear a specialist develop a coherent（有条理的）（有条理的）argument,and that it can show visual material to a wide audienc
25、e.69.One of the values of the lecture is _.A.to make friends through groups B.to learn more about other peoples ideas C.to offer a chance to discuss with a specialist D.to present to students information not found in books 讲座的价值就是它能给一大群人呈现在书本里根本看不到讲座的价值就是它能给一大群人呈现在书本里根本看不到的信息，它能给你一个机会听一个专家有条理的论证，它还能
26、的信息，它能给你一个机会听一个专家有条理的论证，它还能给很多观众展示视觉材料。给很多观众展示视觉材料。24例例8.Before 1066,in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.In the west-central region lived the Welsh,who spoke a Celtic language,and in the north lived the Scots,whose language,though not the same a
27、s Welsh,was also Celtic.In the rest of the country lived the Saxons,actually a mixture of Anglos,and other Germanic and Nordic peoples,who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon(or Old English),a Germanic language.1.The two major languages spoken in what is now called Great Britain before 1066 were _.A.
28、Welsh and Scottish B.Nordic and Germanic C.Celtic and Old English D.Anglo-Saxon and Germanic 威尔士人生活在中西部，他们说话的语言是凯尔特语的；斯科特威尔士人生活在中西部，他们说话的语言是凯尔特语的；斯科特人生活在北部，他们的语言尽管和威尔士人不同但也仍然是凯尔特语人生活在北部，他们的语言尽管和威尔士人不同但也仍然是凯尔特语的。的。25例例9.For reasons I wont get into today,I began to write stories using all the Englishe
29、s I grew up with:the English she used with me,which for lack of a better term might be described as broken”;and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese,her internal language,and for that I sought to preserve the essence,but neither an English nor a Chinese structure.44.The author gradual
30、ly realizes her mothers English is _.A.well structured B.in the old style C.easy to translate D.rich in meaning26 (2)(2)意群阅读法意群阅读法把意义和语法结构上有关联的几把意义和语法结构上有关联的几个词连接成较完整的信息。此方法个词连接成较完整的信息。此方法不仅有利于提高阅读速度，而且有不仅有利于提高阅读速度，而且有利于对句子的整体理解。利于对句子的整体理解。三、一个句子中既有从句又有分词状语或者独立主格结构三、一个句子中既有从句又有分词状语或者独立主格结构应对策略：应对策略：
31、从前向后，抓住独立的谓语部分从而区别出主句和从前向后，抓住独立的谓语部分从而区别出主句和分词状语，再根据从句的连接词（有时无连接词）区分分词状语，再根据从句的连接词（有时无连接词）区分主句和从句，层层理解，插入语插在哪个层次中就放在主句和从句，层层理解，插入语插在哪个层次中就放在哪个层次中理解。哪个层次中理解。28分析：分析：是状语从句，是状语从句，是主句，是主句，是是withwith引导的介词短语作状语，修饰谓语。这样，引导的介词短语作状语，修饰谓语。这样，把整个句子划为把整个句子划为3 3个意群，可以大大提高阅读个意群，可以大大提高阅读速度。速度。When two cars travelling at 30 mh hit each other，an unbelted driver would meet the windshieldwith a force equal to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 meters.同学们，再见！同学们，再见！
