1、牛津英语8B Unit5 Grammar 专项讲解+练习题（无答案）牛津英语8B Unit5 Grammar 专项讲解enough的用法一、 作形容词1.作定语时，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。 (1)Are there enough seats for ten persons? 有没有足够十人的座位？（2）We have enough food for a week.我们有足够维持一周的食物。2.作表语只有当主语是代词数词和“数词+名词”时，enough才可作表语用，如果主语是名词，enough便不能作表语用了,如：(1)Thats enough.Thank you.够了，谢谢。(2
2、)Five is enough.五个够了。(3)Will 12 apples be enough?十二个苹果够不够？如果enough之后跟其它修饰语(如不定式或for短语时),前面的主语不受限制。如：（1）The time is enough to finish it.(=There is enough time to finish it) 有足够的时间完成这一工作。（2）The food is enough for us two.(=There is enough food for us two)有足够我们俩吃的食物。二、 作代词，充当主语、宾语.（1）Enough has been sai
3、d on this subject 关于这个问题说得已经够多的了。（2）-Do you need some more materials?你们还需要材料？ -No,thanks.Enough have been supplied for us.不要了，谢谢！我们已经够了。三、 作副词修饰形容词和副词，且必须放在它们之后，如：（1）This room is large enough for us to sleepin.这个房间足够大，我们可以睡.(不可说enoughlarge) (2)He knows the situation well enough.对他情况了解得非常清楚。（不可说enoug
4、h well”）四、 当enough和另一形容词同时修饰一个名词时，有两种不同的位置。1、enough放在形容词之后，此时，enough修饰形容词时，结构为“adj.+enough+名词”,表示“足够的”,如： （1）a large enough room一间足够大的房间(2)a deep enough well一口足够深的井(3)I dont have big enough nails to mend the cupboard.我没有足够大的钉子修理柜子。2、enough放在形容词之前，此时，enough修饰名词，结构为“enough+adj.+名词”，表示“足够多的”，如：(1) enou
5、gh large room足够大的房间(2) enough deep well足够深的井(3)I dont have enough big nails to mend the cupboard.我没有足够大的钉子修理柜子。五、 enough之后跟介词短语”for sb”和不定式“for sb to do sth”,如：（1）He was lucky enough to succeed in his first attempt.他够幸运的了，第一次尝试就成功了。（2）He spoke slowly enough for everyone to understand.他说话慢得每个人都能听懂。（3
6、）There isnt enough ice cream for all the children.冰淇淋不够分给所有的小孩。六、 enough不能与no构成否定句，只能借助not以及其他否定词，如:(1)We have not enough glasses for everyone.(不能说成noenoughglasses.我们的杯子不够分给每个人。（2）We had hardly enough food to go around at the picnic.(不能说成noenoughfood.我们的食物刚够分给参加野餐的人。too.to 的用法too形容词副词动词不定式结构简称为too.t
7、o结构.这种结构是英语中常用的一种句型,在大多数情况下表示否定意义,在翻译时,通常可译为太而不能、太无法.下面就谈谈too.to结构表示否定的常见句型：1.句型I：tooadj./adv.to do这个句型是too.to的最基本的常用句型.too形容词或副词,有时too后也可跟一个起形容词作用的过去分词.例如：1).The boy is too young to go to school.这男孩年龄太小,不能上学.2).The hat is too large to wear.这帽子太大,没法戴.3).He walks too slowly to get there on time.他走得太慢
8、,不能按时到达那儿.4).Im too tired to think of anything now.我太累了,什么也不能想了.2.句型II：too.toto be V-ed这是too.to结构中不定式为被动式时的变体,如果主语是不定式动作的承受者,不定式既可以用主动式,也可以用被动式,此时用主动式虽然在形式上是主动的,但在涵义上却是被动的.例如：The tea is too hot to drink/to be drunk.茶太热,不能喝.The molecules are much too small to see/to be seen.分子太小,看不见.The shoes are too
9、 badly broken to be mended.这些鞋子破烂得不能修补.too.to ., so.that., enough to .区别1.too+adj./adv. to+v.太.而不能做某事 2.adj./adv.+enough to +v.足够.而能做某事 3.so +adj./adv.+that从句 如此.以致 通常来说，这三种句型可用于同义句转换，具体如下： too.to. =not 反义词 enough to =so.that 否定句 例：He is too young to go to school. = He is not old enough to go to sch
10、ool. = He is so young that he cant go to school.注意：由too to do 结构转换为not enough to do 结构时，要找到句中形容词的反义词。链接中考 The panda is so fat that it cant go through the hole.(改写为同一意思的句子)The hole _ such a fat panda to go through.The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldnt skate on it. (改写为同一意思的句子)The ice on
11、 the lake was not _ enough _ people _.Mr. King is very busy at work. He cant take a holiday.(改为同义句)Mr. King is _ take a holiday.My grandfather is too old to travel around. (改为同义句)My grandfather is _ old _ he _ travel around any _.My brother was so clever that he could work out the problem. (改为同义句)My
12、 brother _ work out the problem.The box isnt light enough for him to carry. (改为同义句)The box _ for him _ carry.He is very short . He cant reach the book on the shelf.(合并为一句)He is _ reach the book on the shelf.The water was so dirty. We cant drink it. (改为同义句)The water was too _ .The water in this river
13、 is very dirty. Fishes cant live in it.The water in this river is _ that fishes _ in it.My brother got up late yesterday. He was late for school.My brother got up _ that补充说明：一、 sothat与tooto的转换当that引导的从句为否定式且从句主语与主句的主语相同时，sothat可转换为tooto结构；若从句主语与主句的主语不相同时，sothat可转换为toofor sb to结构。例如：She is so young t
14、hat she cant go to school. She is too young to go to school.The box is so heavy that he cant carry it. The box is too heavy for him to carry.二、 sothat与enough to的转换当that引导的从句为肯定式时，若从句主语与主句主语相同时，sothat可转换为enough to结构；若从句主语与主句主语不相同时，sothat可转换为enough for sb to结构。例如：Xiao Lin is so old that he can go to s
15、chool. Xiao Lin is old enough to go to school.The box is so light that he can carry it. The box is light enough for him to carry.三、 巩固练习1.He is old enough to go to school. He is _ _ that _ _ go to school.2. She was so weak that she couldnt take care of her baby. She was _ weak _ take care of her bab
16、y. 3.She is so young that she cant go to school. She is _ _ _ go to school.4.The box is so heavy that he cant carry it. The box is _ _ for him_ carry.5.Xiao Lin is so old that he can go to school. Xiao Lin is _ _ _ go to school.6.The box is so light that he can carry it. The box is _ _ for him _ car
17、ry.7.The man is so old that he cant go to work. The man _ _ old _ go to work.8.The desk is so heavy that I cant move it. The desk is _ _ for me _move.9.He is not old enough to do the work. He is _ _ _ do the work.10.The problem is too difficult for me to work out. The problem isnt _ _ _ _ to work ou
18、t.11. The book is interesting enough for everybody to read. The book is _ _ _ everybody likes to read it. 12. The boy is so short that he cant reach the buttons of the lift. The boy is _ _ _ _ the buttons of the lift. The boy isnt _ _ _ _ the buttons of the lift.13.The water was so dirty that we cou
19、ldnt drink it The water was _ dirty for us _ drink14.The child is so young that he cant put on his clothes The child isnt _ _ _ put on his clothes 15.The problem is too difficult for me to work out The problem isnt _ _ _ for me to work out 16.He is so young that he cant go to school He is _ young _ go to school 17.The box is so heavy that he cant lift it The box is _ heavy _ _ _ lift 18.Tom is so old that he can go to school Tom is _ _ to go to school 4 / 4
