1、15级计算机班英语表语从句讲解概念：表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remai n, seem等。 The trouble is that we are short of mon ey.困难是我们资金短缺。 That is why stone walls are used in stead of fen ces around NewE ngla nd fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。 At that time, it seemedas if I could
2、nt think of the right word an yhow. 当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。引导表语从句的词：从属连词that、whether、as though、as if （ That引导表语从句时，在 口语中，间或可以省略。）关系代词 who, what, which, whom,whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等；关系畐【J词 when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。探 由从属连词that , whether引导的表语从句。that在引导表语
3、从句时无词义，而 whether有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question（问题），trouble（麻烦），problem（问题），result（ 结果），chance（可能性），suggestion（建议），idea（想 法），reason（理由）等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具 体化。例如： The trouble is （that） she has lost his mon ey.麻烦的事是他丢了钱。 The questi on is whether we n eed more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。 Th
4、e problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。 What she couldn t understand was that fewer and fewer students showedin terest in her lesso ns.我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。探由关系代词引导的表语从句。关系代词 who, what, which, whom,whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代
5、词不能省略。 例如： The questi on is which of us should go.问题是我们哪一个应该去。 The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作。 Thats what he is worryi ng about.那就是他在担心的事。 Thats what we should do.那是我们应该做的。由关系副词引导的表语从句。关系副词when, where, how, why除在句子起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间，地点，方式或原因状语，本身具有词义。例如： Go and get your coat. Its whe
6、re you left it.去把雨衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。 I had n either a rain coat nor an umbrella. That s why I got wet through. 我们既没伞也没雨衣，这是我们淋湿的原因。 That is how mice rui n many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。 That is what he is worried about.那就是他所担心的。探 由连词because，as if/as though等引导的表语从句。 It looked as if it
7、 was going to snow.看起来好像要下雪了。 Thats because we never thought of it.这是因为我们从未想过此事。 It seems as if he didn t know the answer. 好像他不知道答案。注意：A.表语从句一定要用陈述语序。False: The questi on is whe n can he arrive at the hotel.Right: The questi on is whe n he can arrive at the hotel.B. 不可以用if，而用whether连接表语从句（as if 例外）。
8、引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether位于介词后要用 whether位于句首时要用whether。引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether。False: The questi on is if the en emy is march ing towards us.Right: The questi on is whether the en emy is march ing towards us.Right: It looked as if he had un derstood this questi on.C. 不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不
9、一致。Right: The questi on is who will travel with me to Beiji ng tomorrow.Right: The questi on is why he cried yesterday.D. that在表语从句中不可以省掉。基本用法表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句例 口： The problem is how we can get the things we n eed.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。（how在表语从句中充当方式状语） The scissors are
10、 not what I need.这把剪刀不是我所需要的。（what在表语从句中充当宾语） What I told him was that I would find him a good play.我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。（what在主语从句中作直接宾语，that作为表语从句的 引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略 ） That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的。（what在表语从句中充当直接宾语） That is why she failed to pass the exam.那就是她考试不及格的原因。（why在表语从句中充当原因状
11、语）附：表语测试题答案15: DBACC 610 :ACDDC 1115:CBDBA 1620: AACAB 2123: DAA 表语从句练习题答案 DBACCACDDCCB that/what的区别DBAAAC高考练习ABDAA表语测试题1. The questi on iswe will have our sports meet n ext week.A. that B. ifC. whe nD. whether2. The reason why he failed ishe was too careless.A. because B. that C. forD. because of3.
12、 Go and get your coat. It syou left itA. where B. there C. there where D. where there4. The problem isto take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know ishe likes the gift give n by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reas on is
13、I missed the bus.A. thatB. whe n C. why D. what7. That iswe were late last time.A. that B. whe n C. why D. what8. She lookedshe were ten years youn ger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9. I fell sick!-I thi nk it isyou are doing too much.A. whyB. whe nC. what D. because10. The reason why he hasn t
14、come is.A. because his mother is ill B.because of his mother s being illC. that his mother is illD. for his mother is ill11. He was born here.-That ishe likes the place so much.A. thatB. whatC. why D. how12. That isLu Xun once lived.A. whatB. where C. that D. why13. your father wants to know isgetti
15、ng on with yourstudies.A. What; how are youC. How； that you are 14. The trouble isB. That； how you areD. What； how you arewe are short of tools.A. what B. that C. howD. why that15. America waswas first called“India ” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where16. China is beco ming stro
16、n ger and stron ger.It is no longer.A. what it used to beB. what it was used to beingC. what it used to being D. what it was used to be17. he really means ishe disagrees with us.A. What thatB. ThatwhatC. What whatD. Thatwhat18. The en ergy ismakes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C.
17、what D. such19 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is thatyou had a few days off ?A. why B .what C. whe n D. where20had n either a rain coat nor an umbrella I got wet through.A. It s the reason B. That s why C. There s why D. It s how21. See the flags on top of the buildi ng?That waswe did
18、this morni ng.A. whe nB. which C. where D. what22. - Are you still thinking about yesterday s game?-Oh, that s.A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. whe n I feel excited23. What surprised me was not what he said buthe said it.A. the way B. i n the wa
19、y that C. i n the way D. the way which表语从句练习题1. The questi on iswe will have our sports meet n ext week.A. that B. if C. When D. whether2. The reason why he failed ishe was too careless.A. because B. that C. For D. because of3. Go and g et your coat. It syou left itA. Where B. there C. there where D
20、. where there4. The problem isto take the place of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know ishe likes the gift give n by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reas on isI missed the bus.A. that B. whe n C. why D. what7. That iswe were late l
21、ast time.A. that B. whe n C. why D. what8. She lookedshe were ten years youn ger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9. I fell sick! -I think it isyou are doing too much.A. why B. When C. what D. because10. The reason why he hasn t come is.A. because his mother is ill B.because of his mother s being i
22、llC. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill11. He was born here. - That ishe likes the place so much.A. That B. what C. why D. how12. That isLu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. whythat/what 的区别1. your father wants to know isgetting on with yourstudies.A. What; how are you B. That；
23、 how you areC. How； that you are D. What ； how you are2. The trouble iswe are short of tools.A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America waswas first called“ India ” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where4. China is beco ming stron ger and stron ger. It is no longerA. what it used
24、 to be B. what it was used to beingC. what it used to being D. what it was used to be5. he really means ishe disagrees with us.A. What thatB. That whatC. What whatD. That what6. The en ergy ismakes the cells able to do their work.A. that B. which C. what D. such咼考练习1 I drove to Zhuhai for the air sh
25、ow last week .Is thatyou had a few days off ? （NMET199）A. why B .what C. whe n D. where2had n either a rain coat nor an umbrella I got wet through. （1998上海）A. It s the reasonB. That s why C. There s why D. It s how3. See the flags on top of the build ing? That waswe did thismorni ng.A. whe n B. whic
26、h C. where D. whatday s game?（2003 北京春）4. - Are you still thinking about yester-Oh, that s.A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. whe n I feel excited5. What surprised me was not what he said buthe said it.A. the wayB. in the way thatB. C. in the wayD. the way which
