1、现在进行时（一）现在进行时的构成 肯定句：主语+be（am ,is, are）+Ving（现在分词）+其他成分主语beVing（现在分词）第一人称单数I复数We第二人称单数You复数You第三人称单数HeSheIt其他单数Sam复数they注：现在分词的构成变化方法动词原形Ving(现在分词)直接加ingplay以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ingtake结尾呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing stop以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing lie否定句: + + + + I _ _ a student.（我不是学生。一般疑问句：+ ？_ _ a
2、 student?肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ be（am ,is, are） 否定回答：No，主语+ be（am ,is, are）+not.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ be（am ,is, are）+主语+Ving（现在分词）+其他成分？（二）不用于现在进行时的动词：1）表示事实状态的动词，如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。I have two brothers. 我有两兄弟。 This house belongs to my sister.
3、 这房子是我姐的。 2）表示心理状态的动词，如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。 He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。 3）瞬间动词，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。I accept
4、 your advice. 我接受你的劝告。 4）系动词，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如： You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。（三）现在进行时的用法1,表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作。 Please dont make so much noise. Im writing a composition. 不要吵闹。我正在写作文。 Lets set off. It isnt raining now. 咱们出发吧。现在不下雨了。 这类情况常与now现在，at
5、 present现在，at the moment现在，today今天，this week这个星期，this year今年等时间状语连用。2,表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定在进行的动作。 We are working in a factory these days. 这几天我们在一家工厂工作。 They are compiling a dictionary. 他们在编一本词典。 We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。 这类情况常与today今天，this week这个星期，this evening今天晚上，these days现在、
6、目前等时间状语连用。1. 有时通过上下文可以判断出应采用何种时态，如以look, listen开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行，这时要用现在进行时。Its four oclock in the afternoon. The children are playing football on the sports ground. 现在是下午四点。孩子们在操场上踢足球。 Hurry up! We are all waiting for you. 快点！我们大家都等着你。 Look! They are reading over there under the tree. 看！他们在那边的树底下看书。 L
7、isten! She is singing in the room. 听！她在房间里唱歌。 Where is Kate? She is reading in the room. 凯特在哪里？她在房间里看书。 Why are you crying? Is something wrong? 为什么哭呢？有什么不对？ Listen！She is singing an English song.听，她正在唱英语歌。3,在口语中表示主语计划将要作的动作。 They are leaving for New York tomorrow. 明天他们将要动身前往纽约。 Is your brother depar
8、ting soon? 你的兄弟很快就要启程吗？ 这类情况常与come来，go去， leave离开，depart离开，arrive到达，stay逗留，start开始等动词连用。所用的动词必须是动作而不是状态，主语必须是人。4,现在进行时与always等副词连用时带有感情色彩。 Hes always quarrelling with others. 他老喜欢跟别人吵架。 She is constantly worrying about her sons health. 她不停地为她儿子的健康担心着。 The boy is forever asking questions. 那个男孩老是问问题。 这
9、类情况常与always总是，usually通常，continually不断的，constantly经常的，forever永远、老是等副词连用。5,有的现在进行时句子和一般现在时同义。用现在进行时表示问者的关切心情。 How are you feeling today? （How do you feel today?）你今天感觉如何？ I am looking （look）forward to your next visit. 我盼望你下次再来。 Why are you looking（do you look）so sad? 为什么你看起来这么愁眉苦脸的样子呢？6,有的动词用于现在进行时表示“逐
10、渐”的含义。此种用法除了偶尔和now连用外，一般不和其他时间副词连用的。 Our study is becoming more interesting. 我们的学习变得越来越有趣了。 The leaves are turning red. 树叶渐渐地变红了。 The war is ending. 战争接近尾声了。 Wait a moment; I am finishing my supper. 等一会儿，我的晚饭就要吃完了。 适合于此种用法的动词有：bet/grow/become/turn/run/go变成，begin开始，forget忘记，remember记得，die死，finish完成，f
11、ind发现，rise增强等.7,“be”动词的现在进行时。“be”动词用于现在进行时表示说话者认为是短暂的、和平常不一样的、甚至是伪装的。 He is being foolish. 他在装傻。 He is being honest. 他表现得特别老实。 She is being rude. 她故意表现粗鲁。 I cant understand why he is being so selfish.我不明白此时他为何如此自私。 适合于此种用法的有：foolish愚蠢的，nice好的，kind好心的，careful细心的，patient耐心的，lazy懒惰的，silly傻的，rude粗鲁的，pol
12、ite礼貌的，impolite无礼的等表示人的特性、性格的形容词。（“be”动词用于现在进行时表示人的行为，纯粹表示心理或生理的状态而不带有行动时或主语不是人时，“be”动词不能用于现在进行时）如： I am happy.（表语是纯粹的心理状态，不可用am being） 我很快乐。 Hes tired.（表语是纯粹的生理状态，不可用is being） 他很疲倦。 Its hot today.（主语不是人，不可用is being） 今天很热。 常和现在进行时连用的时间状语 一般现在时和现在进行时练习题一、基础练习（一）写出下列动词的现在分词形式1. work_ sing_ play_ study
13、_2. dance_ come_ write_ take_3. run_ sit_ shop_ swim_4. lie_ die_ （二）写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式1. work_ read_ clean_ write_2. teach_ wash_ guess_ watch_3. go_ do_ photo_5. have_（三）填入be动词的适当形式1. He _ drinking water. 2. The birds _ flying in the sky. 3. Children _ playing in the playground. 4. They _ working now
14、. 5. I _ going to the supermarket. 6. I _ coming.二、填空：1. She is _ (walk) now. 2. Mother is _ (feed) birds. 3. They are _ (sit) on the chair. 4. Cindy is _ (watch,) TV. 5. Joe is _ (jog) in the garden. 6. Look, Nick is _ (come). 7. The cat is _ (lie) on the rug. 8. Listen, she is _ (sing). 9. Look, t
15、he girl is _ (run). 10. The cat is _ (eat) now. 11. Look, the baby is _ (smile). 12. My mother and my father are _ (dance). 13. Uncle Jerry is _ (drive). 14. The fish is _ (swim) in the river. 15. She is _ (shop).16. My father always _(come) back from work very late.17. The teacher is busy. He _ (sl
16、eep) six hours a day.18. Listen! Joan _(sing) in the classroom. She often _ (sing) there.19. _ your brother _(know) Japanese?20. Where _ you _ (have) lunch every day?21. The girl _(like) wearing a skirt. Look! She _(wear) a red skirt today.三、单项选择1. Who _ over there now? A. singing B. are sing C. is
17、singing D. sing2. Its eight oclock. The students _ an English class. A. have B. having C. is having D. are having3. Listen! The baby _ in the next room. A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cries4. Look! The twins _ new sweaters. A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing5. Dont talk here. Gr
18、andparents _. A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep6. Tom is a worker. He _ in a factory. His sisters _ in a hospital. A. work/ work B. works/ work C. work/ works7. Who _ English best in your class? A. speak B. speaks C. speaking8. Mrs Read _ the windows every day. A. is cleaning B. cl
19、ean C. cleans9. We _ music and often _ to music. A. like/ listen B. likes/ listens C. like/ are listening10. She _ up at six in the morning. A. get B. gets C. getting11. On Sunday he sometimes _ his clothes and sometimes _ some shopping. A. wash/ do B. is washing/ is doing C. washes/ does12. The twi
20、ns usually _ milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim _ some coffee for it.13.I dont think that its true. Shes always _ lies. A. tell B. tells C. telling D. told14.She_two daughters.has B. does have C. have D. haves15.There are two_in the house.A. family B. families C. familys D. home16.My father and m
21、other_teachers.A. are B. is C. do D. does17.They are _ Jennys family.A. B. a C. an D. the 18.There is a boy _Harry Potter in the class.name B. named C. names D. to name19.What is your uncle? He is _officer.A. a B. an C. the D. 20.This is your coat. Please _. A.wear it on B. put on C. put it on D. we
22、ar on it21.Kate and I _ doing _homework now.A. am,their B. are their C. is our D. are our22.My father and mother are_.A. Buses driver B. buses drivers C. bus drivers D. bus driver23.They are talking_todays newspaper.A. To B. with C. of D. about24.Do you like_on the grass?A. To sit B. siting C. sitti
23、ng D. both A and C25.This is the way_our hair.A. That we comb B. to comb C. of combing D. all the above四、根据中文意思完成句子1、学生们在干什么？有一些在打电话，另一些躺在沙滩上。_ _ the students _? Some _ _ on the phone, _ _ _ on the beach.2、“格林先生在看电视吗？” “不， 他在打扫房间。” “_ Mr Green _ TV?” “_, He _ _ the house.”3、魏芳不是在读书，她在写信。 Wei Fang _
24、_ a book. She _ _ a letter.4、今天天气怎么样？_ is the weather today? 或_ is the weather _ today?5、我正在通过收音机学 (learn) 英语。I _ _ English on the radio.6、这个老人每天早上六点钟起床。The old man _ _ at six oclock in the morning every day.7、你从哪里来？ Where _ you from? 或Where _ you _ from? 我从美国来。 I _ from America. 或I _ from America.8
25、. 你要去哪儿啊? Where are you _? 9. Nick 正在爬攀登架. Nick is _ (climb) the jungle gym. 10. 他们正在读书. They are _ books. 11. 爷爷正在吸烟. Grandpa is _. (smoke)12. 我在做作业. I am _ (do) my homework. 13. 我妈妈正在做饭. My mother is _. 14. Jerry在喝柠檬果汁. Jerry is _ lemon juice. (drink)15. 他正在写信. He is _ a letter. 16. 看! Cindy来了. Lo
26、ok, Cindy is _. 17. 我们在唱歌. We are _ now. 书面表达是对学生在初中阶段英语学习的综合考查，涉及篇章结构、句子构成、短语使用和单词拼写等多方面内容，以下就中考书面表达的写作方法和注意事项进行指导：一、认真审题，确定时态人称，同时关注题材格式时态：故事性文章一般用过去时，其中表达感受时可用现在时。说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时，举例时可用过去时。根据题目要求也会出现时态的交错使用，如过去和现在的对比等。如果句中出现了时间状语，时态则要遵循时间状语。如ago，last过去时next，in将来时等人称：注意在句子中人称的统一。例如：Thanks to the te
27、achers, we have improved our English.其中we和our就是人称的统一。格式：注意书信格式的开头和结尾。二、找全信息点，紧扣主题，突出重点切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息点。一定把题读全，找齐信息点，建议用铅笔标出，写完后再涂掉。根据题目，可适当增加合理内容。特别注意文章要有开头和结尾。三、成文时表述正确，文字流畅切忌与汉语提示的一一对应，使用所学表达方法将语义表达出来即可。首先考虑句子结构（如主谓宾，主系表等）。同时注意短语的正确使用和单词的拼写，最好使用课本上学过的短语和句式。 四、文章结构清晰，重点句型出彩，可使文章在得分上提高一个档次考虑文章的篇
28、章结构，使用适当的连接短语，使文章结构紧凑。 常用连接词：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/SecondAnd then，Finally，In the end，At last2.表并列补充关系的：What ismore，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，Inaddition3.表转折对比关系的：However，On the contrary，butAlthough+clause（ 从句），In spite of+n/doingOn the one handOn the other handSome，while o
29、thers4.表因果关系的：Because，AsSo，Thus，Therefore，As a result5.表换一种方式表达：In other words6.表进行举例说明：For example，句子；For instance，句子；such as+n/doing7.表陈述事实：In fact8.表达自己观点：As far as I know，In my opinion9.表总结：In short，In a word，In conclusion，In summary文中正确使用两三个好的句型，如：宾语从句、状语从句、动名词做主语等。宾语从句举例：I believe Tianjin will
30、 be more beautifulandprosperous.状语从句举例：If everyone does something for the environment, ourhometown will become clean and beautiful.动名词做主语举例：Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes.Its bad for our eyes to read books in the sun.常用状语从句句型：1）时间when，notuntil，as soon as2）目的so that+clause；to do（ 为了）3）结
31、果sothat+clause，tooto do（太以至于）4）条件if，unless（除非），as long as（只要）5）让步though，although，even though，even ifno matter what/when/where/who/which/how6）比较asas，not soas，than 五、认真检查，检查信息点是否全面，时态、人称是否一致，句子结构是否清晰，短语使用、单词拼写是否准确等。检查后，将草稿誊写在纸上，请注意按结构分段，书写清晰。下面列举一些在检查中可发现的错误：1.We live more and more comfortable.改正：comf
32、ortably（副词修饰动词）2.e can get many informations by reading newspapers.改正：much information（不可数名词由much修饰）3.There has many programs in TV.改正：There are many programs on TV.（There be句型和介词短语）4.I think ride a bike can keep our health.改正：I think riding a bike can keep us healthy.（动名词作主语）建议大家练习或模仿不同题材的文章，特别注意改错总结和吸取范文中好的结构与表达方法，适当运用于自己的文章中。
