1、2021届上海市长宁区高三上学期质量调研英语试题（解析版）（满分140分，考试时间120分）. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers At end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once
2、. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. $10. B. $17.C. $100. D. $70.2. A. At a department store. B. At an airport.C. At a hospital. D. At a hotel.3. A. Patien
3、t and doctor. B. Coach and athlete.C. Student and teacher. D. Boss and secretary.4. A. Looking at a map. B. Going on a diet.C. Attending a party. D. Talking to Mary.5. A. Go for an outing. B. Buy some clothes.C. Go swimming. D. Forecast the weather.6. A. She fully agrees with the man. B. She is unce
4、rtain about the weather.C. She disagrees with the man. D. She thinks the man is always late.7. A. Dr Brian is always busy on Mondays.B. A waiter visited Dr Brian last Monday.C. Patients can usually see Dr. Brian as scheduled.D. Dr. Brian forgot to put the man on the schedule.8. A. She speaks highly
5、of the mans decision.B. She is crazy about skydiving in the countryside.C. She advises the man to go on holiday with Marc.D. She suggests that the man reconsider his plan.9. A. Tom survived the accident unbelievably.B. The police helped him come out of the car.C. The wall was knocked down completely
6、.D. Toms car was still in good condition.10. A. Its convenient to shop in supermarkets.B. Convenience stores are not really convenient.C. Certain items sell well in convenience stores.D. Customers pay more in convenience stores.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and
7、one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read nice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one
8、would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The balance between school work and exercise.B. The link between a healthy body and a healthy mind.C. The change of the timetable in public schools.D. The strong scientific evide
9、nce of staying healthy.12. A. By allowing students to do physical exercise.B. By asking students to do problem-solving tasks.C. By doing experiments on American students.D. By persuading teachers to improve students grades.13. A. Students had more chances to do exercise.B. Physical education courses
10、 became popular.C. Students did better in their school work.D. Running for 40 minutes a day was required.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Sisters. B. Classmates.C. Relatives. D. Pen friends.15 A. The club encouraged its members to make friends.B. Making a long-distan
11、ce call at that time was costly.C. Writing to each other helped to improve school work.D. Instant communication wasnt available for average people.16. A. Maggie and Tessa had met before.B. Tessas long blond hair was eye-catching.C. Tessa called Maggie with a cellphone.D. Maggies grandchildren spotte
12、d Tessa.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. The great demand for tourists. B. The endangered food supplies.C. The difficulty to keep warm. D. The extreme and changeable weather.18. A. Its going to rain. B. A clear sky will appear soon.C. Its going to snow. D. It wi
13、ll be unseasonably warm.19. A. Once a week. B. Three times a day.C. Every other day. D. Twice a week.20. A. To enjoy a birds-eye view of Alaska. B. To learn how to fly a bush plane there.C. To experience sending mails to St Lawrence. D. To help to take food supplies to Alaska. Grammar and vocabulary
14、Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.For perhaps the f
15、irst time in the history of modern education, millions of primary and secondary students may begin the new school year from home. Pupils in England should return to schools in September, but Covid-19 cases _1_（rise）, so this may not be possible. Scientists also warn that there will be many more case
16、s when pupils return to schools. Some parents may choose not to send their children back_2_their familys safety.Teachers are worried about children who_3_（fall） behind in their school work. Parents and carers are feeling anxious about the need to balance work and home schooling, But an experiment by
17、 an 18th-century French schoolmaster, Jackboot, may help them to worry less about home schooling.Jackboot had to teach in Belgium. His pupils spoke only Flemish, and he spoke only French. He gave his students a novel_4_（write）in his mother tongue and a French dictionary. He encouraged them to teach
18、themselves. It worked.Learning does not only happen when someone older put information into the learners mind. Think about how often children and even adults learn from trial and error, from learning to ride a bike to_5_（use） a new technology. Learning happens when you ask children difficult questio
19、ns at the dinner table, encourage them to build a tree-house or find things for themselves on Wikipedia.In the 18th century, when only the sons of rich men got a school education, Jackboot wanted to show_6_poor children could learn. Parents could teach them by encouraging and asking questions. Its t
20、he same today._7_ students have the right resources_8_（explore） ideas for themselves, many people can “teach”-including carers and parents during a pandemic（流行病）. However, some poorer students will do worse_9_they do not have access to the Internet.Jackboot showed that learning does not only happen
21、in a classroom and that human beings are learning beings: they know hardly anything at birth_10_seek out and develop incredible capacities. That should make us less worried about children during this difficult time and more hopeful about ourselves.【答案】1. are rising/have been rising 2. for 3. have fa
22、llen 4. written 5. using 6. how 7. If 8. to explore 9. because/as 10. but【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章以Jackboot的教学方法为例，介绍了在疫情期间，怎样解决孩子的学习问题。【1题详解】考查动词时态。句意：英格兰的学生应该在九月份返回学校，但是2019冠状病毒疾病的案例一直在上升，所以这可能是不可能的。根据上下文以及句意可知，此处表达冠状病毒疾病的病例一直在上升，还有继续上升的趋势，所以应用现在进行时或现在完成进行时来表达。因主语为名词复数，故填are rising/have been rising。【2题详解】考查介
23、词。有些父母为了家人的安全，可能选择不把孩子送回去。根据句意可知，有些父母之所以选择不把孩子送回学校是为了家人的安全，for“（表示目的）为了”为介词。故填for。【3题详解】考查动词时态。句意：老师们担心那些在学业上落后孩子们。根据句意可知，此处应用现在完成时，表达过去发生的动作对现在的影响，其结构为have+动词过去分词，定语从句中主语为who，指代先行词children，为复数。故填have fallen。【4题详解】考查非谓语动词过去分词。句意：他给学生们一本用他的母语写的小说和一本法语词典。分析句子可知，空格处为后置定语修饰前面名词，动词write和所修饰的名词novel之间是被动关
24、系，所以需要用过去分词。故填written。5题详解】考查非谓语动名词。句意：想想看，从学习骑自行车到使用新技术，儿童甚至成年人从反复试验中学习的频率有多高。fromto“从到”是介词固定搭配，因此处to为介词，后面应接动名词作宾语，故填using。【6题详解】考查宾语从句引导词。在18世纪，当只有富人的儿子才能接受学校教育时，Jackboot 想要展示穷人的孩子是如何学习的。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句，应填宾语从句引导词，根据后文“Parents could teach them by encouraging and asking questions.”可知，是在谈论学习的方式，所以应
25、填表示方式的连接副词how。故填how。【7题详解】考查条件状语从句连词。如果一些学生有适当的资源为自己探索思想，许多人可以进行“教学”的工作包括在大流行病期间的护理人员和家长。根据句意可知，前文“_7_students have the right resources_8_（explore） ideas for themselves,”是后文“many people can “teach”-including carers and parents during a pandemic（流行病）”的条件，空格处应填if来引导条件状语从句。故填if。【8题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：如果学生们有合
26、适的资源来探索自己的想法，许多人可以进行“教学”的工作包括在大流行期间的护理人员和家长。根据句意可知，空格处应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰前面名词。故填to explore。【9题详解】考查原因状语引导词（从属连词）。句意：然而，一些较穷的学生会表现得更糟，因为他们无法上网。上文“However, some poorer students will do worse”和下文“they do not have access to the Internet”是因果关系，所以此处应填表示原因的连词because/as等。故填because/as。【10题详解】考查连词。句意：Jackboot表明，学习
27、不仅仅发生在教室里，人类也是学习型的人：他们在出生时几乎什么都不知道，但却在寻找和发展令人难以置信的能力。下文“seek out and develop incredible capacities”和上文“they know hardly anything at birth”是转折关系，所以应填表示转折的连词but。故填but。Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one
28、 word more than you need.A. curiosity B. inspired C. vision D. communication E. possibilitiesF. committed G. hooked H. investigate I. challenging J. recognize K. attentionIve always been an optimist and I suppose that is rooted in my belief that the power of creativity and intelligence can make the
29、world a better place. For as long as I can remember, Ive loved learning new things and solving problems in seventh grade. So when I sat down at a computer for the first time, I was_11_. It was an old Teletype machine. But it changed my life. When my friend and I started Microsoft, we had a_12_of “a
30、computer on every desk and in every home,” which probably sounded too optimistic, but we believed personal computers would change the world. And they have.After 30 years, Im still as_13_by computers as I was back in seventh grade. I believe computers are the most incredible tool we can use to feed o
31、ur_14_and inventiveness to help us solve problems. Computers have transformed how we learn, giving kids everywhere a window into all of the worlds knowledge. Theyre helping us build_15_around the things we care about and stay close to the people who are important to us, no matter where they are.Like
32、 my friend Buffett, I feel particularly lucky to do something every day that I love to do. He calls it “tap-dancing to work.” My job at Microsoft is as_16_as ever, but what makes me “tap-dance to work” is when we show people something new, like a computer that can_17_your handwriting or your speech,
33、 and they say, “I didnt know you could do that with a PC！”I believe that my own fortune brings with it a responsibility to give back to the world. My wife and I have_18_to improving health and education in a way that can help as many people as possible. Im still optimistic, and I believe that progre
34、ss on even the worlds toughest problems is possible. Were seeing new drugs for deadly diseases, and new_19_paid to the health problems in the world.Im excited by the_20_I see for medicine, for education and of course for technology, And I believe that through our natural inventiveness, creativity an
35、d willingness to solve tough problems, were going to make some amazing achievements in all these areas in my lifetime.【答案】11. G 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 16. I 17. J 18. F 19. K 20. E【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章中作者讲述自己一直都是一个乐观主义者，他认为这植根于自己的信念，即创造力和智慧的力量可以让世界变得更美好。并且作者用自己的经历和见闻来说明自己的信念。【11题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以当我第一次坐在电
36、脑旁边时，我就被它迷住了。根据空格前“was”为系动词，后应跟形容词作表语，以及前一句中“Ive loved learning new things”我喜欢学习新的事物，可知此处应填hooked“对入迷的；被迷住的”。故选G。【12题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：30年前，当我和朋友保罗创办微软时，我们有一个让每家每户，每张办公桌上都有电脑的幻想。根据空格前we had a 可知，空格处应填名词。vision“幻想，想象，画面”。故选C。【13题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：30年后，我仍然受到电脑的激励，跟我上七年级时一样。空格后的介词“by”为被动的标识。inspire“鼓舞，激励，启发”
37、，此处用被动形式inspired。故选B。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为电脑是最神奇的工具，我们可以使用它来满足我们的好奇心和发明创造能力，来帮助我们解决问题。根据上文we can use to feed our可知空格处应填名词作feed的宾语。curiosity“好奇心”。故选A。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：电脑可以帮助我们围绕我们关注的事物建立通信，并且让我们和那些对自己重要的人保持密切联系，不管他们身处何方。根据空格前build可知此处应填名词“通信”；communication“通信系统，通话”。故选D。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在微软的工作永
38、远充满挑战，但是让我一直坚持“踢踏舞工作”的是。根据文中is as _ as 可知空格处应填形容词。challenging“有挑战性的”。故选I。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：是当我们向人们展示某些新成果时，当他们看到计算机能辨认笔迹，语音，他们会说“我不知道你竟然可以用个人电脑做这么多事”。根据空格前can 可知此处应填动词，recognize “辨认出，辨别出”。故选J。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和我的妻子致力于为尽可能多的人改善健康和教育。根据文中I have _to可知此处应填动词，时态为现在完成时，commit to “致力于，全心全意”，have commit
39、ted 现在完成时。故选F。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到治疗致命疾病的新药，并且全世界的健康问题也得到的重视。pay attention to“关注”。故选K。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我为医药，教育，当然还有技术发展的诸多可能性而欢欣鼓舞。根据空格前the 可知此处应填名词。possibility“可能性”。故选E。. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,
40、 B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Since Peter Singer published Animal Liberation in 1975, animal rights activists thought animals should be granted the same rights as humans. Referring to scientific studies showing animals_21_“human characteristics”,
41、they argue animals should be protected with the same rights. So why dont animals have the same legal status (身份) as humans？The line of reasoning in favor of granting animals equal rights to humans_22_the fact that scientists have found characteristics in animals we normally_23_with humans. A group o
42、f scientists showed monkeys demonstrate self-consciousness at the same level as humans. This has usually served as a justification for human rights, so why dont we grant equal rights to monkeys？The truth is,_24_convincing scientific evidence, the argument for granting at least some animals the same
43、rights as humans cant be justified philosophically. An adequate argument for animal rights would require further philosophical inquiry and not just descriptive_25_. We can feel pity for animals being treated badly and strive to protect them from such treatment. This,_26_, doesnt mean animals should
44、enjoy the same legal status as humans.There is a strong reason for_27_that rights only apply to humans. While fundamental rights surely are valuable in their nature, they would be worthless without a system to_28_them. That is why we expect other people to respect our rights.The system that defends
45、our rights is the fact that other people are obliged by_29_in their behaviors towards us. In our daily life, we experience numerous situations in which bad guys could_30_from violating (侵犯) our rights. Nevertheless, we see, of course, with some exceptions, that individuals cooperate and respect othe
46、r peoples rights. Rights and duties are two sides of the same coin, and one cannot_31_to have certain rights without having to observe the duties.If it is my claim to live freely on my property without being bothered, my neighbors duty prevents him from violating my right to property and life. Suppo
47、se, however, he breaks in and damages my property. He will then be held responsible in a court of law, for he has_32_his duty to respect my rights. This is completely reasonable, but we will certainly face_33_if my property was violated by an elephant.If we assume that animals are granted the same legal status as humans,_34_requires that we now drag he elephant into court. Remember, if an animal were to have such rights, it would logically also have social duties. Therefore,
