1、GRE考试阅读理解练习题及答案GRE阅读题目解析:治疗胃酸的药1.Inthecolumnistsargument,thetwohighlightedportionsplaywhichofthefollowingroles?A.Thefirstisaclaimthatthecolumnistsargumentseekstoclarify;thesecondstatesaconclusiondrawnaboutonepossibleinterpretationofthatclaim.B.Thefirstidentifiestheconclusionofanargumentthatthecolumn
2、istsargumentisdirectedagainst;thesecondstatesthemainconclusionofthecolumnistsargument.C.Thefirststatesthemainconclusionofthecolumnistsargument;thesecondstatesaconclusionthatthecolumnistdrawsindefendingthatconclusionagainstanobjection.D.Thefirstidentifiesanassumptionmadeinanargumentthatthecolumnistsa
3、rgumentisdirectedagainst;thesecondstatesthemainconclusionofthecolumnistsargument.E.Thefirstisaclaimthathasbeenofferedasevidencetosupportapositionthatthecolumnistopposes;thesecondstatesthemainconclusionofthecolumnistsargument.Columnist:Untilveryrecently,PresorbinandVeltrex,twomedicationsusedtoblockex
4、cessstomachacid,werebothavailableonlywithaprescriptionwrittenbyadoctor.2在P的一则广告中，生产商认为P更好，根据是医生已经对P开出了两亿份处方，而V只有一亿。3当然可以反驳说，开出过多少份处方从来不是比较药物优劣的恰当标准，然而只要注意到P作为一种处方药比V上市早若干年，就足见该广告逻辑之荒谬。(此句涉及but引导的一种让步关系(很多时候我们忽略了but的让步意味，只把它等同于汉语中的“转折”，二者还是有区别的)：让步条件，处方数不是评价药物好坏的标准(这很好理解，因为有价格，医保是否覆盖等很多因素影响一种药的销量);强调
5、内容，广告逻辑荒谬。前半句被让步掉了，(尽管)这不是一种评价药物优劣的恰当标准，(让步，即便我们就用这种不恰当的标准来评价两种药假定让步条件为真)结论仍然是有问题的，因为这种比较不公平，P比V上市早若干年。)1.Inthecolumnistsargument,thetwohighlightedportionsplaywhichofthefollowingroles?A.Thefirstisaclaimthatthecolumnistsargumentseekstoclarify;thesecondstatesaconclusiondrawnaboutonepossibleinterpretat
6、ionofthatclaim.B.Thefirstidentifiestheconclusionofanargumentthatthecolumnistsargumentisdirectedagainst;thesecondstatesthemainconclusionofthecolumnistsargument.C.Thefirststatesthemainconclusionofthecolumnistsargument;thesecondstatesaconclusionthatthecolumnistdrawsindefendingthatconclusionagainstanobj
7、ection.D.Thefirstidentifiesanassumptionmadeinanargumentthatthecolumnistsargumentisdirectedagainst;thesecondstatesthemainconclusionofthecolumnistsargument.E.Thefirstisaclaimthathasbeenofferedasevidencetosupportapositionthatthecolumnistopposes;thesecondstatesthemainconclusionofthecolumnistsargument.选B
8、本题考查批判性思维criticalthinking基础，即分辨什么是结论conclusions，什么是证据evidence或理由reasons。不理解这种问法，说明你还没进入GRE语文的基本语境，去读AskingtheRightQuestions吧，趁还来得及。本文篇幅很短，所以逻辑关系相当清晰，简述如下。1)广告逻辑：结论conclusion1：P比V好。理由reason1：医生开出的P处方比V多一倍。结论conclusion2：广告是放屁。理由reason2-1：处方数量不能如实反映药物的疗效。理由reason2-2：P比V上市早。综上，选B。GRE阅读题目解析:弗兰德斯派大师Stylis
9、ticevidenceandlaboratoryevidencestronglysupporttheclaimthatthemagnificentpaintingGardenofEdenisaworkoftheFlemishmastervanEyck.Nevertheless,thepaintingmusthavebeentheworkofsomeoneelse,asanyonewithalittlehistoricalandzoologicalknowledgecantellmerelybylookingatthepainting.Theanimalsinthepaintingareallv
10、ividrepresentationsofactualanimals,includingarmadillos.YetarmadillosarenativeonlytoAmericas,andvanEyckdieddecadesbeforeEuropeansreachedtheAmericas.2.Intheargumentgiven,thetwohighlightedportionsplaywhichofthefollowingroles?A.Thefirstisapositionthattheargumentseekstoreject,thesecondisevidencethatthear
11、gumentusesagainstthatposition.B.Thefirstandthesecondareeachpiecesofevidencethathavebeenusedtosupportthepositionthattheargumentopposes.C.Thefirstpresentsthemainconclusionoftheargument;thesecondprovidesevidenceinsupportofthatconclusion.D.Thefirstisajudgmentthatservesasthebasisforthemainconclusionofthe
12、argument;thesecondstatesthatmainconclusion.E.Thefirstisanintermediateconclusiondrawninordertosupportafurtherconclusionstatedintheargument;thesecondprovidesevidenceinsupportofthatintermediateconclusion.StylisticevidenceandlaboratoryevidencestronglysupporttheclaimthatthemagnificentpaintingGardenofEden
13、isaworkoftheFlemishmastervanEyck.风格上的和来自实验室的证据，都有力地支持这样的观点，即大画GoE出自弗兰德斯派大师vE之手。佛兰德斯艺术Flemishart爱克Eyck,Janvan(大英袖珍百科)2Nevertheless,thepaintingmusthavebeentheworkofsomeoneelse,asanyonewithalittlehistoricalandzoologicalknowledgecantellmerelybylookingatthepainting.3Theanimalsinthepaintingareallvividrepr
14、esentationsofactualanimals,includingarmadillos.画中的动物都栩栩如生地再现了它们实际的样子，包括犰狳。犰狳(音求于，猜你也不会念)4YetarmadillosarenativeonlytoAmericas,andvanEyckdieddecadesbeforeEuropeansreachedtheAmericas.但犰狳原产于美洲，且vE在欧洲人发现美洲大陆前几十年就去世了。2.Intheargumentgiven,thetwohighlightedportionsplaywhichofthefollowingroles?A.Thefirstisa
15、positionthattheargumentseekstoreject,thesecondisevidencethattheargumentusesagainstthatposition.B.Thefirstandthesecondareeachpiecesofevidencethathavebeenusedtosupportthepositionthattheargumentopposes.C.Thefirstpresentsthemainconclusionoftheargument;thesecondprovidesevidenceinsupportofthatconclusion.D
16、.Thefirstisajudgmentthatservesasthebasisforthemainconclusionoftheargument;thesecondstatesthatmainconclusion.E.Thefirstisanintermediateconclusiondrawninordertosupportafurtherconclusionstatedintheargument;thesecondprovidesevidenceinsupportofthatintermediateconclusion.选C还是让我们辨析目标句的逻辑功能。理由1reason1：画中动物都
17、贴合实际，包括犰狳。理由2reason2：犰狳系美洲原产，但凡爱克死时欧洲人尚未抵达美洲。reason1+reason2=conclusion综上，选C。GRE阅读题目解析:叙梦寓言诗5.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakensthecriticsargument?A.PiersPlowmanisoneofLanglandsmajorworks,whereasHouseofFameisaminorworkofChaucers.B.HouseofFamesurvivesinonlythreemanuscriptcopies,substanti
18、allyfewerthanthenumberofmanuscriptcopiesthatexistofPiersPlowman.C.BecausePiersPlowmanbecameawell-knownworkinitsday,itislikelythatthesimilaritiesbetweenitandHouseofFameweredetectedbymanyofthepeoplewhoreadHouseofFamesoonafterChaucerwroteit.D.ManyofthethemesandstructuresofPiersPlowmanarealsofoundinLati
19、n,Italian,FrenchworkswithwhichChaucercouldwellhavebeenfamiliar.E.ThereisnoevidencethatChaucerandLanglandevermetorthattheycorrespondedwitheachotheraboutliterarytopics.P58TherearemanystructuralandthematicsimilaritiesbetweenPiersPlowmanbyLangland(1330-1400)andHouseofFamebyChaucer(1342-1400),twoMiddleEn
20、glishpoemsrelatingdreamvisions.L(1330-1400)的和C(1342-1400)的这两首dreamvisions(叙梦寓言诗)，在结构与主题上有很多相似。(dreamvisionAnarrativepoem,especiallyinmedievalliterature,inwhichthemaincharacterfallsasleepandexperienceseventshavingallegorical,didactic,ormoralsignificance.叙梦寓言诗：叙事诗，尤指在中世纪文学中的叙事诗，其中主要人物入睡后经历有谕意的说教性的或有道德
21、意义的事件【AHD】)2一些评论者认为，因为MiddleEnglishpoetry中很少见到这两首诗共有的某些元素，且L的诗也许完成得比C早若干年，所以C很可能在写时受到了的影响。5.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakensthecriticsargument?A.PiersPlowmanisoneofLanglandsmajorworks,whereasHouseofFameisaminorworkofChaucers.B.HouseofFamesurvivesinonlythreemanuscriptcopies,substantial
22、lyfewerthanthenumberofmanuscriptcopiesthatexistofPiersPlowman.C.BecausePiersPlowmanbecameawell-knownworkinitsday,itislikelythatthesimilaritiesbetweenitandHouseofFameweredetectedbymanyofthepeoplewhoreadHouseofFamesoonafterChaucerwroteit.D.ManyofthethemesandstructuresofPiersPlowmanarealsofoundinLatin,
23、Italian,FrenchworkswithwhichChaucercouldwellhavebeenfamiliar.E.ThereisnoevidencethatChaucerandLanglandevermetorthattheycorrespondedwitheachotheraboutliterarytopics.选D削弱题。选一项，能够最有力地削弱文段陈述的argument。先再磨叽一遍基础，argument在GRE语文中，通常指一种用理由reasons或证据evidence支撑结论conclusions的过程。本题通过提出竞争性解释rivalcauses的方式削弱论证，所谓竞争性解释，就是针对已知的结论，提出另一种合理的解释，从而使原论证失去唯一的有效性，是为削弱。先找criticsargument的理由和结论。结论在句2最后分句：C诗受了L诗的影响。D像PP这样主题与结构，在拉丁语，意大利语，法语作品中很常见，C可能也熟悉这些作品(而受到了影响)。显然D提供了另一种解释，削弱了C受L影响的结论。本题比较明显，其他几个不翻译了，有异议的来confrontme，等里。
