1、磁悬浮列车牵引系统磁悬浮列车牵引系统Maglev Traction System2Content1.Overview of Maglev2.Fundamentals3.Traction system and subsystems4.Shanghai Maglev3BackgroundlChanges Increase of population Urbanization Quality of lifelProblems of Air services Automobiles Conventional trains4MaglevlMagnetic levitation trainlLevitat
2、ed and propelled using electromagnetismGuidewayArmElevated track5HistorylFirst patent by Hermann Kemper of Germany in 1934lQuickening period of the 1960slMaturity of the 1970s 1980slTest period of the 1990slPractical public service in 2003lMain research done by Germany and Japan6ComparisonMaglevWhee
3、l-on-RailNoise60 65 dB75 80 dBSafetyNo derailment and slippingDerails from a minor defectMaintenance Very littlePeriodicGrade80100/10003050/1000Curve30 m in radius150 m in radiusOperating speedUp to 500 km/hBelow 300 km/h7CharacteristicslNot suitable for freightlLess susceptible for icy conditionslE
4、nvironment friendlylGood acceleration and decelerationlDifficult for switching or branching offlExpensive for constructionlDangerous when electricity supply is interrupted8Content1.Overview of Maglev2.Fundamentals3.Traction system and subsystems4.Shanghai Maglev9MagnetismlMagnetism arises from movin
5、g chargeslMeasurement Magnetic induction Iine Magnetic flux density Magnetic flux10Electromagnetism(I)lRight-hand screw rule(Amperes rule)11Electromagnetism(II)lFaradays law of inductionlLenzs law An induced electromotive force(EMF)always gives rise to a current whose magnetic field opposes the orig
6、inal change in magnetic fluxBddt 12Electromagnetism(III)lRight-hand rulelLeft-hand rule13Electrical engineeringFunctionTypical CircuitRectifierAC-DCBridge rectifierInverterDC-ACPWM inverterChopperDC-DCBuck/boost circuitTransformerAC-AC -VFDAC-ACRectifier+Filter+Inverter14Content1.Overview of Maglev2
7、.Fundamentals3.Traction system and subsystems4.Shanghai Maglev15SubsystemslLevitationlGuidancelPropulsionlBrakinglEnergy supply16EDSlElectrodynamic suspensionlCharacteristics Magnetic repulsive force Air gap about 100 mm Suitable for high-speed operation Cannot levitate below 100 km/h Need rubber ti
8、res17One typelClassification Permanent Magnet(PM)Superconducting Magnet(SCM)18Another type19EMSlElectromagnetic suspensionlCharacteristics Magnetic attraction force Air gap about 10 mm Need precise control Easier than EDS technically Can levitate in zero or low speeds(backup battery)Coils on the gui
9、deway20ClassificationlIntegrated typelSeparated type21DevelopmentlUse superconducting magnet instead of conventional electromagnetlPermanent magnets are partly used with electromagnets22GuidancelMechanical guide wheellZero magnetic flux guidancelMagnetic force Repulsive force Attraction force23Magne
10、tic forcelAttraction forcelRepulsive force24PropulsionlMagnetic forcelLinear motor25AC asynchronous motor26AC synchronous motor27Linear motor28LIMlLinear induction motor29LP/SPlLong Primary/Short Primary30LSMlLinear synchronous motor31ClassificationlField location Long Primary Short PrimarylMagnetic
11、 field Permanent Magnet Electromagnet with iron-core Superconducting magnet with air-core32BrakinglMethod Swap the poles of electromagnet Swap the phase sequence of primary wire loopslStrategy Decrease the number of railway stations Regenerative braking and eddy current braking as primary braking Oi
12、l braking as secondary braking33Hybrid brakinglAbove a certain speed(usually 520 km/h)Regenerative braking Eddy current brakinglBelow a certain speed Oil braking High-friction skids(backup)34Energy Collection lOn-board batteries:insufficientlElectric power supply from ground side to support Levitati
13、on Propulsion On-board electrical equipment Battery recharging35ClassificationlLow-medium speed operation Mechanical contact such as a pantograph SP type maglev used in this situationlHigh speed operation Linear generator36Linear generator37Energy infrastructureTransformerRectifierFilterInverterLoad
14、Transformer38Content1.Overview of Maglev2.Fundamentals3.Traction system and subsystems4.Shanghai MaglevOverviewShanghai maglevTransit typeMagnetic levitationBegan operationJanuary 1,2004Number of lines1Number of stations 2Length30.5 kmMax operational speed431 km/h TechnologyShanghai maglevLevitation
15、EMSPropulsionLP-LSMGuidanceMagnetic repulsive forceAir gapAbout 10 mmPrimary brakingTrack eddy current brake(5 km/h)Secondary braking Regenerating brake(5 km/h)Oil brake(5 km/h)High-friction skids Electric power supplyComparisonHSST(Japan)MLU(Japan)LevitationEMSEDSPropulsionSP-LIMLP-LSMAir gap812 mm80 150 mmMax speed100 km/h581 km/hGuidanceIntegratedIntegratedServiceLow-medium speed,short distanceHigh speed,long distanceEnd
