1、【英语】代词专项练习及答案详解一、单项选择代词1Clothing made of man-made fibers has certain advantages over _ made of natural fibers like cotton, wool or silk.Athe onesBoneCthatDwhat【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查代词:句意:-人造纤维的衣服比天然纤维象:棉花,羊毛或丝绸制作的衣服有一定的好处。这里填的代词是泛指不可数名词Clothing,用that是特指可数名词单数或不可数名词,而且后面还有后置定语,one是泛指前面的可数名词单数,the ones特指前面的
2、可数名词复数,what可以引导名词性从句, 选C。考点:考查代词点评:代词首先要弄清它指代的是什么,指代的数量,指代可数名词单数还是不可数名词,泛指还是特指,结合句意和代词本身的用法,再进行辨析。2-Which of the ways should I take to the village?- way as you pleaseAll seem to be equal in distanceANeitherBNoneCAnyDEither【答案】C【解析】考查代词:ANeither两者都不,BNone三者以上都不,CAny三者任何一个,DEither两者任何一个,从后面的all看出路是三条以
3、上,句意是:-你想走哪条路去村子?-你喜欢走哪条就走哪条,距离上都是一样的。选C。3-Will $ 1,000 _ the cost of the trip? -Im afraid not. Perhaps I need _ $500.Apay; anotherBcharge; moreCcover; anotherDafford; more【答案】C【解析】句意“1000美元够旅行的费用吗?”“恐怕不够,也许还需要500美元。”charge“收费”;cover“包括”;afford“买得起”。根据句意可知,用cover;在原来的基础上再多一些用“another+数词”或“数词+more”表示
4、,这里用another。故选C。4Jack Ma, the founder and chairman of Chinas Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, _making him the richest person in China.AitBoneCthatDwhich【答案】B【解析】【详解】试题分析:考查代词。句意:中国阿里巴巴集团创始人兼董事长马云拥有286亿美元的财富,这使他成为中国首富。分析句子结构可知,此处用one代替前面的a $28.6 billion fortune,实际上是它的同位语,后面的making him the
5、richest person in China.是现在分词作后置定语修饰one,注意此处不是非限定性定语从句,如果是非限定定语从句的话应该用makes而不是making,所以不能选which,故选B。考点:考查代词5 Which of the two drivers is to blame for the accident? _. Its the cyclists fault.ABothBAllCNoneDNeither【答案】D【解析】试题分析: 句意:两个司机中谁对这次事故负责? 都不是。这是骑自行车人的错。A. Both两个都; B. All三者以上都;C. None三者以上都不;D.
6、Neither两者都不,故选D。考点:考查代词。6The restaurant is full, so we have to look for _ one.AotherBthe otherCthe secondDanother【答案】D【解析】试题分析: 句意:这个饭店满了,我们得再找一家。A. other其他的;B. the other二者中的另一个;C. the second第二个;D. another三者以上的另一个。故选D。考点:考查代词。7Mom promised to buy me a nice gift for my next birthday, _ beyond my imag
7、ination.AwhichBthatCsomethingDthe one【答案】C【解析】考查同位语。something beyond my imagination 是 a nice gift 的同位语,补充说明礼物是某种超乎想象的东西。后面句子中没有动词构成不了句子,所以which不能选。the one 指代与 gift 是同一个东西的礼物,意思成了“出乎想象的已知的礼物”,与上文的 promised to buy 不符。句意:妈妈承诺我下个生日给我买一个超乎我的想象的好看的礼物。故选C。8 I prefer a flat in Inverness to _ in Perth, as I
8、want to live near my mums.AitBoneCthatDwhich【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查代词辨析。本句中使用one指代单数可数名词a flat,表示泛指。it指代上文出现的同一事物,that表示特指,which引导非限制性定语从句。句意:我更喜欢在因弗内斯的一个公寓而不是珀斯的公寓,因为我们想生活得离我妈妈家近点的地方。故B正确。考点:考查代词辨析9To British people, Canadians may sound American; To Americans, they may sound British. Canadians themselves
9、insist on not being identified with _.AneitherBbothCanyDeither【答案】D【解析】试题分析:本题考查代词。A. neither也不;B. both 两个都;C. any任何; D. either两者之一。noteither两者都不。故选D。【知识拓展】1. neither两者都不;neither-nor-既不-也不2. both 两个都;both-and-两个都-3. either两者之一;either-or-或者-或者-。考点:考查代词10To their great surprise, they found _ in the me
10、eting.Athey were not understandingBthemselves not understoodCthey had not understoodDthemselves not understanding【答案】B【解析】B 考查语态。这里oneself和后面的动词是被动关系,所以应该用过去分词。find oneself done发现自己被,故选B。11Oxford is not far from Stratford, so you can easily visit _ in a day.AoneBeitherCbothDall【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查代词。句意:
11、Oxford离Stratford不远,所以你可以很容易在一天之内参观完这两个。one一个;either两者中任何一个;both两者都;all三者以上都。故选C。【知识拓展】both两者都;all三者以上都;neither两者都不;none三者或三者以上都不;either两者中任何一个。考点:考查代词12The exam was easy, wasnt it?Yes, but I dont think _ could pass it.AsomebodyBanybodyCnobodyDeverybody【答案】D【解析】everybody同表否定意义的词连用时,表达的是部分否定的意义。下句意同“考
12、试是容易。但是我想并非每个人都能通过”。13He is a strict but kind teacher, is always trying to make his classes and interesting.Aone ; livingBone who; livelyChe ; lovelyDhe who; live【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查代词,形容词和定语从句。句意:他是严格但善良的人,一个总是让课堂生动有趣的人。A. living活着的; B. lively生动的; C. lovely可爱的; D. live现场直播的。一空填one代替a teacher,且为先行词,在后面的定
13、语从句中作主语,所以关系代词为who。第二空填lively“生动的”,符合句意。故选B。14There is still a copy of the book in the libraryWill you go and borrow _?NoId rather buy _ in the bookstoreAone; oneBone; itCit; oneDit; it【答案】C【解析】指代物体时,one指代同名异物,it指代同名同物,根据题意选C。你要去买它吗?不,我宁愿去书店买一个。15Although we produce carbon when we breathe, the carbo
14、n we produce is much less than _ produced by a car.Ait Bthe one Cwhat Dthat【答案】D【解析】 考查代词辨析。句意:尽管我们呼吸时产生二氧化碳,但我们产生的二氧化碳比汽车产生的少得多。that指代此前面的不可数名词carbon。指代前面的不可数名词,要用that,而it是指同类同物,the one,其中的one指代可数名词的单数,what是“什么”,不能指代前面的不可数名词,因此选D项。16I would like to buy a flat in the suburb and sold _ in downtown ,
15、because I want to live near my Moms.Athe oneBthe otherCitDanother【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查不定代词。句意:我想在郊区买套房子,然后把市区的卖掉,因为我想住在我妈妈家附近。用the one代替the +可数名词,表示特指。此处用the one代替市区的房子the flat。故选A。17-Mary has a very low opinion of George.-It can t be any worse than _ of her.Ahe BhisChim Dhe does【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意:Mary对
16、George的评价不高。但没有哪一种评价比George对Mary的评价更差。此处指的是George对Mary的评价,为his(opinion),故B项正确。18The river was once with fishes, but now we find as a result of pollution.Aalive, noneBlively, nothingClive, noneDliving, nothing【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词和代词。句意:这条河中曾经生长着各种各样的鱼,但是现在,由于污染,我们一条鱼也看不到了。第一个空用be alive with表示“充满着”;第二个空
17、用none表示数量概念,指代上文提到的人或物,此处指上文提到的“鱼”,意为“一条鱼也没有”。nothing表示“什么也没有”,不合题意。 故选A。【点睛】alive, living, live和lively比较:alive是表语形容词,作“活着的”,“在世的”解,它既可以修饰人也可以修饰物;living意为“活着的”,主要用作定语,常置于名词之前,有时也可置于名词之后。也可用作表语;live意为“活着的”,可以作定语,放在所修饰的名词之前,一般不用来修饰人;lively意为“生动的”,“活泼的”,“充满生气的”,用作表语或定语,可以用来修饰人或物。19I dislike _when Jim s
18、aid the UN was not a worthy organization, _ bringing everyone closer together.Aone; one Bit; oneCone; which Dit; which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意:我不喜欢吉姆说联合国不是一个值得敬重的组织,一个让每个人更加亲密的组织。第一空用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语为when Jim said the UN was not a worthy organization;第二空用代词one,代指前面的名词organization。故选B。【点睛】当hate/enjoy/like/l
19、ove/prefer/appreciate/dislike等表示情绪的动词后接when或if从句时,通常要用it作形式宾语。20We have many summer camps for your holidays. You can choose _ based on your own interest.Athem BeachCone Dit【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意:我们有许多暑期夏令营,你可以根据自己的兴趣选择一个。A. them它们;B. each每一个;C. one一个,为泛指,泛指同类事物或人中的某一个;D. it为特指,特指上文提到的某人或者某事物。根据语境可知,此处
20、应是表示泛指的某一个,在此泛指上句提到的many summer camps中的某一个,故选C。21Dont take _ for granted that he will keep his promise.AoneBitCthisDthat【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意:不要想当然地认为他会信守诺言。句中的“take sth. for granted”为固定搭配,意为“把想当然”。本句中的take缺少宾语,分析句子可知,that he will keep his promise是其宾语,因此可以用it作形式主语,而真正的宾语是后面的that从句。故选B。22Astronom
21、ers have discovered that three planets have sizes and temperatures similar to _ of Earth.Athem BtheseCthose Dones【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查代词的指代。句意:天文学家发现了三个在大小和温度方面与地球相似的星球。根据句意可知此处是三个星球的大小和温度与地球的大小和温度相似, 因此空白处应该是代指复数名词sizes and temperatures。those代指上文中的可数名词复数。故选C。【点睛】one, ones, that, those与it的区分1.one指代上文提到的单数
22、人的人或物,指“同一类中的一个”,表示泛指意义:即:a/an十单数可数名词;ones则代指可数名词,表泛指意义。The population problem may be the greatest one of the world today.(one=a problem)2.that指上文出现的名词,表示同类的东西,一般不指人,既可指代可数名词单数,又可指代不可数名词,常要求有后置定语修饰,表特指。The weather of this week is worse than that of last week.(that=the weather)3.those 用来代替复数可数名词,常要求有
23、后置定语,表示特指,即the+复数可数名词。The students in Class one are more than those in Class Two.(those=the students)4.it 指上文提到的同一事物,与前面名词是同一物。Is this book yours, I want to use it.(it=your book)在本题中,此处是三个星球的大小和温度与地球的大小和温度相似,代指的内容为复数名词sizes and temperatures,且表特指地球上大小和温度,故应用those。23Usually, a forest fire and the dama
24、ge _ causes can be very severe, especially when we consider the long time it takes to grow trees.AthisBwhatCwhichDit【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意:通常,森林火灾及其造成的损失会非常严重,特别是当我们考虑到树木需要长时间生长时。结合句意可知_ causes为定语从句,修饰先行词the damage,可由关系代词which/that来引导,由于从句中缺主语,因此还需要用人称代词 it 指代 a forest fire,故排除C选项,同时由于关系代词在从句中作宾语,可省略,
25、因此空格处填 it 即可。this 为指示代词,后面需要接名词,即 this fire来充当主语,因此排除A项。B选项不属于定语从句关系词,排除。故选D。24How do you like the Japanese film Your Name! Dont you just love _ when the hero comes across the girl again after 8 years?AthisBthatCitDthem【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定句型。句意:你觉得日本电影你的名字怎么样?难道你不喜欢男主角8年后再遇到那个女孩吗? 固定句式“sbhate / dislike
26、 / love / likeitwhen从句”为固定用法,故选C。【点睛】it作形式宾语的用法。当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作宾语时,为保持句子结构平衡,避免句式结构的混乱,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用,本身无词义。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。 当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时(如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等);基本句式结构一、动词+ it + that-从句。如:(1)sb find/ belie
27、ve/ think/ feel/ consider/ make + it +n+to do/that从句,如:I take it (that) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。He makes it a rule never to borrow money.(他立志决不向别人借钱。)I think it no need talking about it with them.(我认为没必要跟他们谈。)(2)sb find/think/make + it + adj. + to do sth/that 从句(宾语从句)如:I dont feel it difficu
28、lt to understand the Special English.(我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。)I find it interesting to learn English.二、动词 + prep + it + that-从句。如:I cant answer for it that he will come. 我不能保证他会来。You may rely on it that hell come to meet you. 你放心,他会来接你的。You may depend on it that we shall always help you.(尽管放心,我们会随时帮你的。)说明:能
29、用于此结构的动词不多,常见的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。注意: that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语三、动词 + it + 介词短语+ that-从句。如:We owe it to you that there wasnt a serious accident.(多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。)I took it for granted that he would help us. 我认为他会帮助我们的。注意:由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中,宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时,须借用it。常见的有t
30、ake it for granted, bring it to sbs attention, owe it to sb 等。四、动词 + it + when /if/that-从句。如:(1)sbhate / dislike / love / likeitwhen从句I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.(我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。)I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。(2)sbappreciate/preferitif从句I really appreciate it if you could help
31、 me with my math.Id prefer it if I didnt have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作,好就太好了。25The most important promises we must keep are _ we make to ourselves.AOnesBthoseCtheseDthem【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意:我们必须遵守的最重要的承诺就是我们对自己做出的承诺。A. Ones泛指上文提到可数名词复数;B. those特指上文提到的名词复数;C. these这些;D. them他们。分析句子可知,we must是定
32、语从句,修饰The most important promises,是句子的主语;be动词后缺少表语,we make to ourselves是定语从句,修饰空格处。根据句意,此处指上文提到的promises,由定语从句修饰表示特指。故用those,故选B。26I hate _when people shout loudly in public.AitBtheseCthemDthat【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查it做形式宾语。句意:我讨厌人们在公共场合大声喊叫。在enjoy (享受),hate (恨),like(喜欢), love (爱)等动词之后用it充当形式宾语,在it 后面用宾语从句作
33、真正宾语,故选A。27The mother saw her baby fall to the ground, _ brought her heart to her mouth.AitBand thatCand whichDthat【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意:这个年轻的妈妈看到孩子掉到了地上,把她吓得要命。分析句子可知,逗号前后没有连词,故排除A、D;用and连接两个句子,且在此用that作主语,which表示“哪一个”不合语境。故选B。28Is this school _ we visited 3 years ago?AthatBwhereCwhichDthe one【答案】D【
34、解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这所学校是我们三年前参观的那所吗?分析句子可知,主句中缺少表语the school,故应用the one来代指。故选D。29Applicants are not required to take IELTS or TOEFL test but it will be appreciated if someone has taken _.AnoneBeitherCneitherDall【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意:申请人不要求必须参加雅思或托福考试,但如果有申请人参加其中之一,将受到重视。A. none 没 有 一 个;B. either
35、(两者之中) 任 何 一 个;C. neither 两 者 都 不;D. all 全 部。由“IELTS or TOEFL”可知,(两者之中)任何一个用either。故选B项。30While e-book sales this year have declined, it is still important for us to remember that the figures are still higher than _ five years ago.Aone BthatCthose Dthey【答案】C【解析】句意:尽管今年电子书的销量已经下降,但是对于我们来说记住数字仍然高于五年前的
36、销售量仍然很重要。这里用代词those指代上文出现过的可数名词复数figures,故选C。【名师点睛】代词that和those用法:一、代词that 的用法 :代词that 的指代为特指,并且我们通常归纳为 “同物异指”,即代词that 指代的物体与前文中的物体是同样的名称,但是有不同的内涵,另外代词that 可以指代前文中的不可数名词,TheclimateofJilinisnotsomildasthatofJiangsu.吉林的气候不如江苏温和。代词that指代前文中climate,同样都是climate,前文中为吉林的气候,而后文中that所指代的气候是江苏的气候,名称相同但内涵不一样,这
37、就是所谓的“同物异指”。此处代词that指代的climate即为不可数名词。代词that与one的区别:that指代可数名词单数或者不可数名词,为特指,that代替可数名词单数时等同于theone。one指代可数名词单数,为泛指。TheweatherinBeijinginwinteriscolderthanthatofShanghai.北京的天气比上海的天气要冷。Astheyareretired,Mr.andMrs.Scotpreferahouseinthecountrytooneinalargecity.因为他们退休了,司各特先生和太太宁愿要一座农村里的房子也不愿要一座大城市里的房子。二、代
38、词those的用法that可代替不可数名词,也可代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词单数时等同于theone,表示特指意义;those只能代替可数名词复数,等同于theones。Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthoseinwinter.夏天要比冬天长一些。此句中代词those指代前文中的复数thedays。Despite the negative image of nuclear energy, actually its public safety risks are no greater than those of fossil fuels.代词those指代前文中的publicsafetyrisks,指代前文中的复数名词用those符合题意,句子意思为:尽管核能的形象比较负面,但是实际上核能的公共安全危害性还不如矿物燃料的公共安全危害性大。