1、【英语】代词考点易错点的总结一、单项选择代词1The river was once with fishes, but now we find as a result of pollution.Aalive, noneBlively, nothingClive, noneDliving, nothing【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词和代词。句意:这条河中曾经生长着各种各样的鱼,但是现在,由于污染,我们一条鱼也看不到了。第一个空用be alive with表示“充满着”;第二个空用none表示数量概念,指代上文提到的人或物,此处指上文提到的“鱼”,意为“一条鱼也没有”。nothing表示“什
2、么也没有”,不合题意。 故选A。【点睛】alive, living, live和lively比较:alive是表语形容词,作“活着的”,“在世的”解,它既可以修饰人也可以修饰物;living意为“活着的”,主要用作定语,常置于名词之前,有时也可置于名词之后。也可用作表语;live意为“活着的”,可以作定语,放在所修饰的名词之前,一般不用来修饰人;lively意为“生动的”,“活泼的”,“充满生气的”,用作表语或定语,可以用来修饰人或物。2-Do you know the 3G mobile phone will come into the market soon? -Really? It is
3、 said to be superior _any other model. I cant wait to buy _.Ato ; oneBthan; oneCto ; itDthan; it【答案】A【解析】短语搭配be superior to 比高级;one相当于a phone。“你知道吗3G手机很快会进入市场”“真的吗?据说比其他类型的手机高级我迫不及待的想买一部”。选A3Jack Ma, the founder and chairman of Chinas Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, _making him the riche
4、st person in China.AitBoneCthatDwhich【答案】B【解析】【详解】试题分析:考查代词。句意:中国阿里巴巴集团创始人兼董事长马云拥有286亿美元的财富,这使他成为中国首富。分析句子结构可知,此处用one代替前面的a $28.6 billion fortune,实际上是它的同位语,后面的making him the richest person in China.是现在分词作后置定语修饰one,注意此处不是非限定性定语从句,如果是非限定定语从句的话应该用makes而不是making,所以不能选which,故选B。考点:考查代词4Its no use _ about
5、 it. You cant do anything to change it.AworriedBto worryCworryingDworry【答案】C【解析】试题分析: 句意:担心它没用,你做什么多改变不了它。Its no use doing sth.做某事没用。 故选C。考点:考查固定句式。5When shall we go to see the movie The Hunger Games together?Make it _ day you like; its all the same to me.AoneBanyCanotherDsome【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查形容词辨析。本
6、句中的any意为“任意一个”,another另外一个;some一些;one一个;句意:我们什么时候一起去看饥饿游戏这部电影啊?你喜欢的随便那一天都行,我都没关系的。根据句意可知使用any day,表示任意一天都可以。故B正确。【名师点睛】本题要特别注意any意为“任意一个.”,语气很强烈;another作形容词时,是指在原有的基础上再加一(些),表示“再一(些)”或“另外一个(些)”的意思,在心理上至少有三个.another还可作代词,意思与作形容词时一样.它前面不能加任何冠词,后面也不能加s【举一反三】The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can g
7、et it at _ chemists.A. other B. some C. another D. any答案D试题分析:考查代词:A. other其他,B. some一些,C. another另一个,D. any任何一个,句意:这个药到处都在卖,你可以到任何一家药店买到它。选D。考点:考查形容词辨析6Oxford is not far from Stratford, so you can easily visit _ in a day.AoneBeitherCbothDall【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查代词。句意:Oxford离Stratford不远,所以你可以很容易在一天之内参观完这
8、两个。one一个;either两者中任何一个;both两者都;all三者以上都。故选C。【知识拓展】both两者都;all三者以上都;neither两者都不;none三者或三者以上都不;either两者中任何一个。考点:考查代词7Some people would rather ride bicycles as bicycle riding has _of the trouble of taking buses.AnothingBnoneCsomeDneither【答案】B【解析】考查不定代词。A“什么也没有”;B“一个也没有”,指三者以上的人或物;C“一些”;D“两者都不”。句意“一些人宁愿
9、骑自行车,因为骑自行车没有那些像乘公交车会遇到的麻烦。”这里的troubles 是泛指,表示否定一个用none。故选B。8He knew the files could be of help to took over the job.AanyoneBsomeoneCwhoeverDwho【答案】C【解析】这是一个复合句,He knew是主谓,后面the files could be of help to whoever took over the job.是宾语从句(省略了that)。这个宾语从句里面又套有一个宾语从句whoever took over the job9Of those who
10、 are married,in more than 80 percent of cases,the wives education background is equal or higher than of their husbands.AitBoneCthatDthe one【答案】C【解析】考查代词。句意:在已婚者中,80%以上的妻子受教育程度等于或高于丈夫。此处是代词that代替“education background”,that代指同类但不是同一个的事物,即同类异物。it是替代前面提到的同一事物。one是泛指,代替单数可数名词;the one是替代与前面提到的事物同一类的事物,代替单
11、数可数名词,education background 是抽象名词,不能用the one替代。故选C。10Heading out on the waters in search of whales is a routine he does, and _ that, as he hopes, wont be lost if whale-watching goes the way of so many mass tourism attractions.AwhichBoneCitDthat【答案】B【解析】考查代词。句意:在水中搜寻鲸鱼是他所做的一件日常工作,一个他希望不会丢失的日常工作,如果鲸鱼观察
12、走的是这么多大众旅游景点的老路的话。此处代指他从事的在水中搜寻鲸鱼的工作,故选B.11Our monitors breaking the record at the sports meeting was an exciting moment, _ all of us will always treasure.AthatBitConeDwhat【答案】C【解析】考查替代。句意:我们的班长在运动会上打破了记录是一个令人兴奋的时刻,一个我们将总是珍惜的时刻。a/an +单数可数名词,用one代替,故选C。12-Would you like some chicken?-Yes, please. Its
13、 my favourite. I think is more delicious than chicken.AanythingBsomethingCnothingDeverything【答案】C【解析】考查代词。句意:-你要鸡肉吗?-是的-。这是我的最爱。我想鸡肉是最好吃的食物。否定代词加比较级构成最高级,故选C。13Although we produce carbon when we breathe, the carbon we produce is much less than _ produced by a car.Ait Bthe one Cwhat Dthat【答案】D【解析】 考查
14、代词辨析。句意:尽管我们呼吸时产生二氧化碳,但我们产生的二氧化碳比汽车产生的少得多。that指代此前面的不可数名词carbon。指代前面的不可数名词,要用that,而it是指同类同物,the one,其中的one指代可数名词的单数,what是“什么”,不能指代前面的不可数名词,因此选D项。14Is your neighbor Mr. King a man with good manners?Actually, he is _ but polite. And nobody likes to talk to him.AnothingBsomethingCeverythingDanything【答案
15、】D【解析】本题考查短语辨析。nothing but 只不过,只有;anything but:根本不是. 决不.,没有everything but;something but用法。句意:你的邻居Mr. King是一个有礼貌的人吗? 事实上,他根本不礼貌,没人喜欢同他说话.15Its impossible for all the people to get jobs because _of them is not fit for them.Aevery oneBallCnot allDnone【答案】B【解析】【分析】考查部分否定和不定代词。【详解】句意:所有的人都找到工作是不可能的,因为并不是
16、所有的人都适合这些工作。此处all of them are not fit for them.是部分否定,意为:并不是所有的人都适合这些工作。故选B。【点睛】英语中的部分否定有如下一些表示方法:1、all 的否定式:not all(或:allnot)表示“并非都”、“不是所有的都”;2、both 的否定式:notboth (或:both not) “并非两个都”;3、every的否定式:not every“不是每都”。16Cars made in China are much cheaper than _ imported from foreign countries.AitBoneCthos
17、eDthat【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查指示代词。句意:中国国内生产的汽车要比从国外进口的便宜的多。根据题意,空格处应是cars,为避免重复,要用代词复数those指代前面的cars。故选C。17Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the expression once more and I always appreciate _ me with my English in the past.Athat; you to helpBthis; your helpingCit; you to helpDit; your
18、 helping【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查it做形式宾语和动名词。句意:如果你愿意再教我一次如何使用这个表达,我将不胜感激。我也一直感谢你在过去帮助我学习英语。Id appreciate it if如果可以,我将不胜感激,该句型是固定句型,it做形式宾语,排除A和B,appreciate doing感激做某事。故选D。18The coat I bought yesterday is the same _.Aas youBas you areCas yoursDlike you【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定结构和名词性物主代词。句意:我昨天买的外套和你的一样。the same as和一样
19、,句中比较的是衣服,因为后面没有名词,所以此处要用名词性物主代词yours,相当于your coat。故选C。19Astronomers have discovered that three planets have sizes and temperatures similar to _ of Earth.Athem BtheseCthose Dones【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查代词的指代。句意:天文学家发现了三个在大小和温度方面与地球相似的星球。根据句意可知此处是三个星球的大小和温度与地球的大小和温度相似, 因此空白处应该是代指复数名词sizes and temperatures。tho
20、se代指上文中的可数名词复数。故选C。【点睛】one, ones, that, those与it的区分1.one指代上文提到的单数人的人或物,指“同一类中的一个”,表示泛指意义:即:a/an十单数可数名词;ones则代指可数名词,表泛指意义。The population problem may be the greatest one of the world today.(one=a problem)2.that指上文出现的名词,表示同类的东西,一般不指人,既可指代可数名词单数,又可指代不可数名词,常要求有后置定语修饰,表特指。The weather of this week is worse
21、 than that of last week.(that=the weather)3.those 用来代替复数可数名词,常要求有后置定语,表示特指,即the+复数可数名词。The students in Class one are more than those in Class Two.(those=the students)4.it 指上文提到的同一事物,与前面名词是同一物。Is this book yours, I want to use it.(it=your book)在本题中,此处是三个星球的大小和温度与地球的大小和温度相似,代指的内容为复数名词sizes and tempera
22、tures,且表特指地球上大小和温度,故应用those。20_ is known to us all that the old scientist, for _ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties.AAs; whoseBIt; whoCAs; whomDIt; whom【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意:众所周知,这位年老的科学家,过去他的生活很艰难,在他八十多岁时仍然努力工作。It is known to us all that是个固定句型,意思是“众所周知”,这里it是形式主语,真正的主
23、语是that引导的主语从句,如果用as的话,as is known to us all后面要用逗号与后面的句子隔开,没有that;第二空中句子包含一个“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,指人,只能用whom,故选D。21As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _ her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town.Athis Bit Cthat Done【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定用法。句意:作为诺顿最忙碌的女人,她有责任处理镇上所有其他人的事务。此处为动词+形式宾语+
24、宾语补足语+不定式结构,四项中只有it能作形式宾语,故B项正确。22Among the ashes were not the bones of a beast, but _ of a bird.AonesBthatCthoseDwhat【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查代词用法。句意:在灰烬中的不是野兽的骨头,而是鸟的骨头。A. ones一些;B. that那个;C. those那些;D. what什么。这里those 指代上文the bones。故选C。【点睛】ones泛指,替代前面出现的复数名词。指代上文出现的同类同一的事物。those特指,替代前面出现的同类名词,但不是同一个物体。相当于th
25、e+可数名词复数。23How do you like the Japanese film Your Name! Dont you just love _ when the hero comes across the girl again after 8 years?AthisBthatCitDthem【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定句型。句意:你觉得日本电影你的名字怎么样?难道你不喜欢男主角8年后再遇到那个女孩吗? 固定句式“sbhate / dislike / love / likeitwhen从句”为固定用法,故选C。【点睛】it作形式宾语的用法。当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在
26、某个句子中作宾语时,为保持句子结构平衡,避免句式结构的混乱,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用,本身无词义。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。 当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时(如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等);基本句式结构一、动词+ it + that-从句。如:(1)sb find/ believe/ think/ feel/ consider/ make + it +n+to do/that从句,如:I take it (th
27、at) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。He makes it a rule never to borrow money.(他立志决不向别人借钱。)I think it no need talking about it with them.(我认为没必要跟他们谈。)(2)sb find/think/make + it + adj. + to do sth/that 从句(宾语从句)如:I dont feel it difficult to understand the Special English.(我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。)I find it inte
28、resting to learn English.二、动词 + prep + it + that-从句。如:I cant answer for it that he will come. 我不能保证他会来。You may rely on it that hell come to meet you. 你放心,他会来接你的。You may depend on it that we shall always help you.(尽管放心,我们会随时帮你的。)说明:能用于此结构的动词不多,常见的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answ
29、er for 等。注意: that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语三、动词 + it + 介词短语+ that-从句。如:We owe it to you that there wasnt a serious accident.(多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。)I took it for granted that he would help us. 我认为他会帮助我们的。注意:由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中,宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时,须借用it。常见的有take it for granted, bring it to sbs attention, owe it to sb 等。四、动词 +
30、 it + when /if/that-从句。如:(1)sbhate / dislike / love / likeitwhen从句I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.(我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。)I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。(2)sbappreciate/preferitif从句I really appreciate it if you could help me with my math.Id prefer it if I didnt have to do so much work. 要是
31、我不必做那么多工作,好就太好了。24-Who can I tum to for help in face of difficulty,Mom?-My darling,if not_,anybody else?AmeBICmineDmyself【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查人称代词宾格。句意:面对困难我可以向谁寻求帮助,妈妈?亲爱的,如果不是我,还会有其他人吗?此处是省略句,省略了it is,所以用人称代词宾格。故选A。25You may rely on _ that Jennifer will come and help us if we are in trouble.AitBthatCwhi
32、chDthis【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形式宾语it的用法。句意:如果我们有困难,你可以相信詹妮弗会来帮助我们。it做形式宾语时,常用于“动词 + prep + it + that-从句”结构,此处用it作rely on的形式宾语,真正宾语为其后的宾语从句。故选A。【点睛】能用于“动词 + prep + it + that从句”结构的动词,常见的还有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。26Not all birds can flymeans AAll birds can not flyBNo birds
33、 can flyCNone of birds can flyDAll birds can fly【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查部分否定的用法。句意:不是所有的鸟都能飞。A.All birds can not fly,不是所有的鸟都能飞,当not与all连用时,表示部分否定,不管not在什么位置;B.No birds can fly,没有鸟能飞,no表示全部否定;C.None of birds can fly,没有鸟能飞,none of+名词,表示全部否定;D.All birds can fly,所有的鸟都能飞。故选A。【点睛】not 与all,both,everyone,everybody,e
34、verything,以及every+名词连用,表示的是部分否定。例如:Not every student goes home on Sunday. 并非每个学生星期天都回家。She doesnt like both of the books. 她并非两本书都喜欢。All man here are not honest.= Not all man here are honest. 这儿的人并非都诚实。Both of the brothers dont like the film=Not both of the brothers like the film. 兄弟俩不都喜欢这部电影。27The m
35、ost important promises we must keep are _ we make to ourselves.AOnesBthoseCtheseDthem【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意:我们必须遵守的最重要的承诺就是我们对自己做出的承诺。A. Ones泛指上文提到可数名词复数;B. those特指上文提到的名词复数;C. these这些;D. them他们。分析句子可知,we must是定语从句,修饰The most important promises,是句子的主语;be动词后缺少表语,we make to ourselves是定语从句,修饰空格处。根据句意,此处指
36、上文提到的promises,由定语从句修饰表示特指。故用those,故选B。28The official made clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem.AitBthisCthatDhim【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形式宾语it。句意:该官员明确表示,他将竭尽所能解决问题。固定结构应当是:make it clear that+陈述句。it在此是形式宾语,从句he would do everything possible to solve the problem是真正的宾语。故选A。29Life come
37、s in a package,_includes happiness and sorrow, failure and success, and despair.AOneBwhatCone thatDthat【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查代词和定语从句。句意:生活是一个包裹,其中包括快乐和悲伤,失败和成功,以及绝望。分析句子可知,此处先用one 代指a package,includes happiness and sorrow, failure and success, and despair.是修饰one的定语从句,从句缺少主语,先行词是不定代词,故用关系代词that,故选C项。【点睛】本题考
38、查定语从句关系代词。确定定语关系词一般分为三步:找出先行词;确定先行词在从句中充当什么成分;考虑特殊情况。以本题为例:1. 找出先行词:one(指物)2. 确定先行词在从句中充当什么成分:先行词one在从句includes happiness and sorrow中充当主语,故用关系代词which/that3. 考虑特殊情况:one是不定代词,关系代词用that故用that30In my opinion, theres no greater happiness than of succeeding in ones career.Aone BitCthat Dthose【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查代词辨析,句意:在我看来,在一个人的职业生涯中,没有比成功更幸福了。one一个;it它;that那个;those那些。在比较级中,某个事物和另外一个事物作比较,后者用that或者those代替,其中单数用that,复数用those。此处succeeding为单数,用that代替,故选C。