1、1 Unit 8 Friendship across gender and borderFOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS HEBEI UNIVERSITY2apply the reading skill finding the main idea of a paragraph3compose a passage with the writing skill of contrast4practice the translation skill amplification5make a talk show on cross-gender fr
2、iendship use the key language to talk about friendship across gender and border1 Objectives Section A Gender variables in friendship:Contradiction or not?Project of the unitInspiring your thoughtsEnhancing your skillsPresenting your projectProject forecastingInspiring your thoughtsEnhancing your ski
3、llsPresenting your project Project of the unitLead-inWork in pairs and discuss the following questions.1.How do you understand friendship?Some people define it as TRAVEL,each letter standing for a word that is closely related to friendship.Can you figure out what the six letters refer to respectivel
4、y?T means trustR means respectA means affectionStep 1 Project of the unitLead-inTaskTalking about friendshipV means virtueE means enjoyment L means laughter 2.How do you choose a friend?What qualities are your friends supposed to have?Words to describe a friend:Honest,friendly,kind,optimistic,helpfu
5、l,dynamic,trustworthy,humorous,easygoing,passionate,persistent,active Project of the unitLead-inWatch the video clip and then work in groups to answer the following questions.Step 2 Project of the unitLead-in1.What happened in the video clip?Tips:Do laundry,occupy the reserve,strive for,dispute,obey
6、 the rule,make a concession.2.What are the differences of the two friends personality?The lady:gentle,cowardly,easy-to-quit,concessive.The man:masculine,aggressive,helpful,just,courageous.Project of the unitLead-in3.What caused such differences?Different genders,backgrounds,life experiences 4.Do you
7、 have more friends of the same gender than friends of the opposite gender?What do you think are the differences between male friends and female friends?Different behavior and communication styles,physical differences,different social images and roles,different values of life,different emotional and
8、rational processes Project of the unitLead-inLead-inInspiring your thoughtsEnhancing your skillsPresenting your project Project of the unitProject forecastingJFriendship is a universal element all around the world.However,it is expressed tremendously different across genders or cultures.Thats what y
9、ou are expected to learn and talk about in this unit.By the end of this unit,you are expected to make a talk show program on the following topic:In what way can we maintain our friendship with male friends and female friends respectively?Please get prepared by doing the following activities.Project
10、of the unitEnhancing your skillsPresenting your projectProject of the unitGlobal understandingDetailed understanding Inspiring your thoughts1.How does the author present the topic and his controlling idea of the topic in this text?2.How does the author illustrate examples to support his idea?3.How d
11、oes the author draw the conclusion?Skim the text and answer the following questions.Inspiring your thoughtsGlobal understandingTask Global understanding of the text 1.How does the author present the topic and his controlling idea of the topic in this text?Para.1 informs the reader that the author ha
12、s entirely different pictures of his female friends and male friends.The author makes comparisons and contrasts of his memories of his female friends and male friends in cinematic terms.Inspiring your thoughtsGlobal understandingReference answers:2.How does the author illustrate examples to support
13、his idea?From Paras.2-4,the author provides two examples to illustrate how differently he communicates with his male friend Donald(Paras.2-3)and his female friend Jessica(Para.4).3.How does the author draw the conclusion?The two examples lead to the discussion about gender differences in friendship(
14、Para.5)and their causes(Para.6).Inspiring your thoughtsGlobal understandingGlobal understandingEnhancing your skillsPresenting your projectProject of the unitDetailed understanding Inspiring your thoughts1.In the authors“movie”memories,how do his female friends behave toward him?2.Why does author sa
15、y his memories of male friends are like an action or adventure movie?3.How did the authors communication style with women differ from that with men?4.How do“nature”and“nurture”respectively lead to different emotional and rational processes for men and women?5.According to the author,how do men diffe
16、r from women in behavior and communication styles?6.Why did the author feel relieved after he read Men Are from Mars,Women Are from Venus and other articles?Read the text again and answer the following questions.Inspiring your thoughtsDetailed understandingTask 1 Detailed understanding of the text 1
17、.In the authors“movie”memories,how do his female friends behave toward him?His female friends look straight into his eyes,sensitive to his feelings,and listen to him with deliberate attention.Inspiring your thoughtsDetailed understandingReference answers:2.Why does author say his memories of male fr
18、iends are like an action or adventure movie?Because he and his male friends dont talk much;instead,they show their friendship by what they do.to be continued3.How did the authors communication style with women differ from that with men?With women,he could be open,emotionally honest,and transparent w
19、hile with men,he couldnt express his caring feelings no matter how deep the friendship was.Inspiring your thoughtsDetailed understanding4.How do“nature”and“nurture”respectively lead to different emotional and rational processes for men and women?In terms of nature,men and women are born with very di
20、fferent genetic tendencies.In terms of nurture,these genetic tendencies are further encouraged by society as either“masculine”or“feminine”.to be continued5.According to the author,how do men differ from women in behavior and communication styles?Men tend to be more restrained with emotional expressi
21、ons than women.Inspiring your thoughtsDetailed understanding6.Why did the author feel relieved after he read Men Are from Mars,Women Are from Venus and other articles?Because he was assured that he was a“normal guy”and it was fine for him to treat his female friends and male friends in different way
22、s.Think over the following two questions and share your ideas with your classmates.Summarize your ideas and write a paragraph concerning the two questions.Inspiring your thoughtsDetailed understandingTask 2 Critical thinking1.Do you agree with the authors idea about male friends and female friends d
23、ifferences according to your memory or experience?2.Recall your communication style with your male friends and female friends;and list the differences which may be presented in your writing.Structure analysisPresenting your projectProject of the unitInspiring your thoughts Language highlighting Lang
24、uage learningLanguage focus A paragraph of contrast Enhancing your skills Match the words with their meanings.Step 1Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage learning Task 1Learning adjectives to talk about male/female friendsintimatemagneticrational sensitiverigidtransparentfemininemasculinerestr
25、ained honest and openvery unwilling to change ideas or behaviorhave an extremely close friendshipable to attract and interest people very stronglyeasily upset or offended by events or things that people saybased on or using reasonhaving qualities considered to be typical of men or of what men docont
26、rolled and not emotionalhaving qualities that are traditionally considered to be typical of womenAdjectives intimidatemagneticrational restrained femininerigidtransparentsensitivemasculineChoose 3-5 words from the following list to talk about the differences between male friends and female friends.S
27、tep 2Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage learning 1)This kind of dance is basically a(n)_ of steps that you repeat over and over again.2)The man breathed a sigh of _ when he was told that everything had arrived in good condition.3)He could not _ himself any longer from losing his temper when
28、 he learned that his teenage son had skipped class again.4)It hasnt rained for two months,and this will _ lead to the decline in rice production.sequencerelief inevitably relief sequence restrainrestraininevitablyEnhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage learning Fill in the blanks with the words
29、and expressions in the box.Step 35)I think the _ to give children too many toys and clothes is quite common in American families.6)The impact of computer game violence may be _ immediately in the childs behavior or may be shown years later.7)The findings show _ general _ that the same problem begins
30、 sooner in the country than in towns.8)The car crash wasnt an accident;it was a(n)_ attempt to kill the driver.tendencyin evidenttendencydeliberatein termsevidentdeliberatetermsEnhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage learning 9)We dashed to the bus station and barely got on the bus when it _.10)
31、Somewhat _ my _,the police has finally decided to eliminate my brother from their list of suspects.11)A child may _ serious handicaps or developmental problems which require extended periods of care.12)The movie was over and the crowds _ into the street.pulled awayto to relief pull away spill outbe
32、born withbe born withreliefspilled outEnhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage learning 13.Samuel had been seen as a problem student.However,after he saved the life of the little girl,people began to look at him _.14._ with the other applicants,the last girl we interviewed was much more skilled a
33、nd intelligent.15.I had forgotten my mothers birthday.So the next day I bought her a bundle of flowers to _ it.in a new lightIn comparison in comparison in a new light make up formake up forEnhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage learning Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting
34、Task 2Detailed learning of key vocabulary1.contradiction(title)We have a contradiction,and that is what were trying to fix here.n.C a difference between two statements,beliefs,or ideas about sth.that means they cannot both be true 矛盾；不一致Translation:我们之间产生了矛盾，这是我们现在要尽力解决的。in contradiction to/with 同相矛
35、盾 principal contradiction 主要矛盾inner contradiction 内在矛盾Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting 2.in terms(Para.1)He is poor in financial terms,but rich in academic terms.used to show what aspect of a subject you are talking about or how you are thinking about it 谈及；就而言；在方面Translation
36、:从经济条件上来讲他很穷，但是从学术上来讲他很强。in terms=in terms of Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting 3.magnetic(Para.1)His magnetic personality made him an influential political figure.a.1.able to attract and interest people very strongly 有吸引力的；有魅力的Translation:他富有魅力的个性使他成为了一位有影响力的政治人物。Enhancing yo
37、ur skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting 3.magnetic(Para.1)The magnetic bulletin board has become the childrens favorite,on which they often display their creative drawings.a.2.capable of attracting iron objects 有磁性的；有磁力的Translation:磁性公告板成为孩子们的心爱之物。他们经常在上面展示自己富有创造力的画作。Enhancing your skillsLangua
38、ge focusLanguage highlighting 4.sensitive(Para.1)Her own experiences had made her sensitive to other peoples troubles.a.1.able to understand other peoples feelings and problems 善解人意的；体恤的Translation:她的个人经历使她懂得体恤别人的难处。Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting 4.sensitive(Para.1)After th
39、eir own defeat,people in this country are sensitive about the topic of war.a.2.easily upset or offended by events or things that people say 敏感的；容易生气的Translation:战败后，这个国家的人们对战争的话题很敏感。5.in comparison(with/to),in contrast(with/to)(Para.1)in comparison(with/to)用于表示比较，可以比较不同人或事物间的共同点，也可以比较其不同点，但是一般情况下更侧重
40、于某些共同点的比较，比如在大小、程度或强度等方面的不同。e.g:This book is funny and easy to understand in comparison.相对而言，这本书比较有趣，也比较容易理解。Note:in comparison 也可以用来比较不同的方面，这种情况下可以和 in contrast 互用。e.g:He was an outgoing man.In comparison/In contrast,his brother was rather shy.他是个外向的人，相比之下，他弟弟就相当腼腆。She is quite tall in comparison w
41、ith/to her little sister.与她妹妹相比，她算相当高的。Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting 5.in comparison(with/to),in contrast(with/to)(Para.1)in contrast(with/to)更侧重于人或事物间的不同方面的对照或对比。e.g:When hes in trouble,many friends left him;in contrast,Tom helped him a lot.当他遇到麻烦时，很多朋友都离开了他；但是汤姆帮了他很多忙。Th
42、e stock lost 60 cents a share,in contrast with/to last year,when it gained 21 cents.这支股票每股跌了60美分，相比之下，去年这支股票涨了 21美分。comparison/compare和contrast很多时候可以连起来用。e.g:Please compare and contrast education in the US and the UK.请把美国和英国的教育情况作个对比。Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting Enhancing
43、 your skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting 6.in a new/bad/different,etc.light(Para.4)Different people may see the same subject in a different light.if sb.or sth.is seen or shown in a particular light,people can see that particular part of their character 从新的/不利的/不同的等角度看Translation:不同的人会从不同的角度看待
44、同一件事。Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting 7.transparent(Para.5)William was transparent;he did not bother to hide his true thoughts.a.1.honest and open 直率的；坦诚的Translation:威廉很直率，他不愿隐藏自己的真实想法。Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting 7.transparent(Para.5)The plants ar
45、e in a transparent plastic box,so children can see the roots growing.2.(of glass,plastic,etc.)allowing you to see through it 透明的；清澈的Translation:植物放在一个透明的塑料盒里，所以孩子们能看到根的生长。Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting 7.transparent(Para.5)I think we should try to make the instructions more
46、 transparent.a.3.simple,clear,and easy to understand 浅显易懂的；一目了然的Translation:我认为我们应该把指令变得更浅显易懂些。Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting Task 3Word formationMeaningExamples-lyBesides forming adverbs,-ly can combine with nouns or adjectives to form new adjectives,which mean things or p
47、eople that have the qualities which are typical of the original nouns or adjectives.lovelyfriendlyweeklylivelycostlymanlycowardlydeadlyMuch to my relief,research shows that I am,indeed,a“normal guy”.(Para.6)to sb.s relief:with a feeling of comfort when sth.frightening,worrying,or painful has ended o
48、r has not happened 使某人感到欣慰的是Meaning:I feel great comfort because research shows that Im actually a man whos behaving normally.让我感到欣慰的是，研究表明我还是一个“正常人”。Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting Task 4Sentence analysisMuch to my relief,research shows that I am,indeed,a“normal guy”.(Para.
49、6)to+ones+情感名词情感名词 是英语中常见的结构，通常译为“令某人的是；使某人感到的是”。通常位于句首，但有时也可置于句末。1.可用于这个结构的情感名词包括 admiration,amazement,regret,amusement,annoyance,astonishment,delight,despair,shame,disappointment,embarrassment,happiness,horror,joy,sorrow,puzzlement,relief,satisfaction,surprise 等。To my regret,I cannot attend the pa
50、rty with my good friends.可惜的是，我无法和好友们参加这次聚会。He broke his promise,greatly to my annoyance.他没有履行他的诺言，这使我非常气恼。Enhancing your skillsLanguage focusLanguage highlighting Much to my relief,research shows that I am,indeed,a“normal guy”.(Para.6)如果表示强调，可在整个结构前加 much,greatly 等程度副词，或者在表示情感的名词前加 deep,great 等形容词。
