1、To be at home with the reading skill concernedTo decode Text B through application of the reading skillTo derive knowledge from Text BTo be better at listening,translating and writingCultural Background1.Warming-up ActivitiesTopic-centered Study of New Words and Their UseSpot DictationK-DerivingFurt
2、her Dev.T-DecodingA.Cultural Background K-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingWord StudyWord StudySpot DictationSpot DictationJotterJotter A makeover is changing ones appearance,often using cosmetics and hair styling.Makeovers can range from something as simple as a new haircut,to the use of cosmetic surg
3、ery,to the extreme of the implantation of dental veneers(牙冠复盖体),eye-color-changing contact lenses,Makeover(1)A.Cultural Background and the use of appearance-altering gastric bypass surgeries(胃分流术),providing massive,permanent fat loss in obese persons,and the associated plastic surgeries,such as abdo
4、minoplasty(腹壁整形术；腹部去脂术),to eliminate the resulting loose-hanging skin folds.Makeover(2)K-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingWord StudyWord StudySpot DictationSpot DictationJotterJotterA.Cultural Background Prozac is an antidepressant drug developed by the American company Eli Lilly and Company.It was fir
5、st approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1987.Prozac(1)K-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingWord StudyWord StudySpot DictationSpot DictationJotterJotterA.Cultural Background Now it is one of the most commonly prescribed antidepressants in the United States.The drug is used to treat major dep
6、ression,obsessive-compulsive disorders(强迫症),eating disorders,panic disorders and pain disorders.Prozac(2)K-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingWord StudyWord StudySpot DictationSpot DictationJotterJotterB.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their UseBackgroundBackgroundJotterJotterSpot DictationSpot Dic
7、tationK-DerivingFurther Dev.T-Decoding过度打扮时髦服装整容手术强调(v.)完美无缺饮食风尚沉迷于体现(v.)深思净化(v.)启迪(v.)内在的美新奇诱惑引起(v.)情感伤疤平静情绪碰撞(v.)神圣伦理恶化(v.)强大压力莫名恐惧Extreme makeover理性标准性感效果addicted todietary fadstylish costumeplastic surgeryunderscoreesthetic perfectionsensual effectlure of noveltyelicitpredominant pressureIrratio
8、nal dreademotional scardegeneratecalm sentiment交织(v.)interweave嫉妒jealousy心灵诉求Rational criteriadivine ethicscollideinner beautyilluminatemeditationpurifyembodyexpression of soul壮丽效应majestic feeling1.It is impossible for the greedy to _ their souls filled with evil thoughts.purify2.Ones best route to
9、prosperity is to _ itself with what one engages in every day.B.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their UseinterweaveK-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackgroundJotterJotterSpot DictationSpot Dictation3.As ones ambition _ to desperation,so does ones promise to a delicate vase.degenerates4
10、.In general,ones values are _ in ones speech and action.B.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their UseembodiedK-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackgroundJotterJotterSpot DictationSpot Dictation5.A student,if _ to things other than studies,has already put the cart before the horse.addicte
11、dB.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their UseK-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackgroundJotterJotterSpot DictationSpot Dictation6.I yearn for freshness of thought;so what I am in _ of is to get into a rut of thinking.dread7.Anyone,if stuck in _ of money,is apt to stop at nothing to mak
12、e it.B.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their UselureK-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackgroundJotterJotterSpot DictationSpot Dictation8.Those who are too _ about the past are reluctant to look ahead.sentimental9.Public figures in social life play a guiding role in _ of social ethics.
13、B.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their UseelicitationK-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackgroundJotterJotterSpot DictationSpot Dictation10.His mental process turned into a long _ on the value of life.meditationB.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their UseK-DerivingFurther Dev.T-D
14、ecodingBackgroundBackgroundJotterJotterSpot DictationSpot DictationB.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their Use知觉的伤感的性感的感情用事的人传感器敏感的敏感的人纵欲敏感性感觉机制多愁善感的人好色之徒感情用事敏感sensual K-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackgroundJotterJotterSpot DictationSpot Dictation理智的sensiblesensitivesensorysentime
15、ntalsensualitysensibilitysensitivitysensoriumsensualistsensiblesensitivesensorsentimentalitysentimentalist1.As parents in the Chinese culture are still _ to sex education,it should remain optional.sensitive2.To wear _ or not to wear _,this is the question for girls to settle every day.B.Topic-center
16、ed Study of New Words and Their UsesensualK-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackgroundJotterJotterSpot DictationSpot Dictationsensual3.It is _ of a student to know what to reap from the ocean of learning before plunging into it.sensible4.So _ are you about your failure that it is hard for yo
17、u to set sail again for the future.B.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their UsesentimentalK-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackgroundJotterJotterSpot DictationSpot Dictation5.She fills with charm in terms of _ impression but leaves much to be desired in terms of integrated abilities.se
18、nsoryB.Topic-centered Study of New Words and Their UseK-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackgroundJotterJotterSpot DictationSpot DictationBackgroundBackgroundWord StudyWord StudyJotterJotterC.Spot Dictation “Beauty is only skin deep.”This expression means that beauty is only a temporary surf
19、ace quality.And some beauty products can cause that goes far below the surface of the skin.But people,especially women,will risk a lot for beauty.In the United States,many people use sunlight and to darken their skin.lasting damageK-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingSpot Dictation(1)non-natural lightC.S
20、pot Dictation advise against what is called tanning because of its links to skin cancer.In the African country of Senegal,some women take health risks trying to do just the opposite.They use products that lighten the skin.Health expertsSpot Dictation(2)K-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackg
21、roundWord StudyWord StudyJotterJotterC.Spot Dictation The World Health Organization says that 25 percent of Senegalese women use skin-lightening products on a .These products can contain chemicals such as mercury,hydroquinone and sodium hydroxide.These are that can cause cancer and possibly other ph
22、ysical damage to the skin.They can actually burn the eyes and skin.Spot Dictation(3)K-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackgroundWord StudyWord StudyJotterJotterusual basisdangerous ingredientsC.Spot Dictation An beauty supply shop in Dakar has many kinds of skin-lightening creams and soaps.S
23、hop worker Adama Diagne advises her visitors to avoid the stronger products that promise .She uses a cream that is made from carrots and not the strong chemical,hydroquinone.fast resultsSpot Dictation(4)K-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackgroundWord StudyWord StudyJotterJotteraverageC.Spot
24、 Dictation She says that it is a and that no one pressures her.She says that some women want to be black every day.But for her,she likes to be a of brown.shadeSpot Dictation(5)K-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackgroundWord StudyWord StudyJotterJotterpersonal choiceC.Spot Dictation Women in
25、 Senegal say they lighten their skin for the same reasons women all over the world make changes to their appearances.They say they want to look beautiful,to find a husband,or to in a crowd.Spot Dictation(6)stand outK-DerivingFurther Dev.T-DecodingBackgroundBackgroundWord StudyWord StudyJotterJotterW
26、arming-UpK-DerivingFurther Dev.2.Text B Decoding(T-Decoding)Reading Skill Identifying the Topic SentenceText Decoding through Identifying the Topic SentenceSummary of Text BFurther Discussion over the TopicA.Reading Skill Identifying the Topic SentenceWarming-UpK-DerivingFurther Dev.Text DecodingTex
27、t DecodingDiscussionDiscussionJotterJotterSummarySummaryWhat does it mean to identify the topic sentence?A topic sentence states the main idea of a paragraph.It is a general statement under which all other material in the paragraph can fit.Knowing where to spot the topic sentence means knowing where
28、 to find the main message the author intends to get across to the reader.Identifying the topic sentence is an important skill that students need to master in order to understand the main point the author makes in a paragraph.What can the skill“identifying the topic sentence”do for us?n It can help g
29、et the authors main point quickly;n It can help better students reading speed;n It can contribute to an improved comprehension of the reading material.Warming-UpK-DerivingFurther Dev.Text DecodingText DecodingDiscussionDiscussionJotterJotterSummarySummaryA.Reading Skill Identifying the Topic Sentenc
30、eWhat factors to consider for acquisition of the skill?Factor I:Where to locate the topic sentence Although a topic sentence can appear anywhere in the paragraph,it tends to come at the beginning,establishing a general theme or idea of the paragraph.Another possible position is the middle of the par
31、agraph,especially the second or the third sentence.If this is the case,the sentence that comes before the topic sentence may serve as the transition between two parts of the paragraph or paragraphs.Warming-UpK-DerivingFurther Dev.Text DecodingText DecodingDiscussionDiscussionJotterJotterSummarySumma
32、ryA.Reading Skill Identifying the Topic SentenceWhat factors to consider for acquisition of the skill?Factor I:Where to locate the topic sentenceIf the topic sentence appears at the very end of a paragraph,it functions as a summary or a conclusion of the paragraph.So the position of the topic senten
33、ce in a paragraph can be shown in the graphs as follows:Warming-UpK-DerivingFurther Dev.Text DecodingText DecodingDiscussionDiscussionJotterJotterSummarySummaryA.Reading Skill Identifying the Topic SentenceWhat factors to consider for acquisition of the skill?Factor 2:The role of the topic sentence
34、in the paragraph The topic sentence is a general statement about the topic of a paragraph,whereas supporting sentences supply details,reasons,examples,statistics,facts,etc.that help explain the idea given in the topic sentence.Warming-UpK-DerivingFurther Dev.Text DecodingText DecodingDiscussionDiscu
35、ssionJotterJotterSummarySummaryA.Reading Skill Identifying the Topic Sentence Studies show that peoples first names can influence them in various ways.Some names have positive effects.For example,one survey found that American men thought the female name Susan is sexy.Participants in a British study
36、 thought Tony to be the name of a man who is friendly.However,other names can have a negative impact.In one study,for instance,teachers gave lower grades to essays supposed to have been written by boys named Hubert and Elmer than to the very same essay Warming-UpK-DerivingFurther Dev.Text DecodingTe
37、xt DecodingDiscussionDiscussionJotterJotterSummarySummaryA.Reading Skill Identifying the Topic SentenceExample 1:only with names changed to more popular names.Another study showed that girls who had unpopular names did worse on achievement tests than girls who had more attractive names.Warming-UpK-D
38、erivingFurther Dev.Text DecodingText DecodingDiscussionDiscussionJotterJotterSummarySummaryA.Reading Skill Identifying the Topic SentenceExample 1:In this example,the topic sentence occurs at the beginning of the paragraph.It expresses a general idea,asserting that there are studies showing thatpeop
39、les first names can exert various influences on them.Other sentences in the paragraph provide specific examples of such studies to illustrate the positive and negative effects of first names.Warming-UpK-DerivingFurther Dev.Text DecodingText DecodingDiscussionDiscussionJotterJotterSummarySummaryA.Rea
40、ding Skill Identifying the Topic Sentence Example 1:Example 2:Warming-UpK-DerivingFurther Dev.Text DecodingText DecodingDiscussionDiscussionJotterJotterSummarySummaryA.Reading Skill Identifying the Topic Sentence Why do women consider their looks so deficient?This chronic insecurity isnt inborn,but
41、created through the interaction of many complex psychological and societal factors,beginning with the dolls we give them as children.Girls grow up playing with dolls proportioned so that,if they were human,they would be seven feet tall and weigh 61 pounds,with tiny thighs and a large upper body.This
42、 is an absurd standard to live up to,especially when you consider the size of the dollswaist,a relative measurement physically impossible for a living human to achieve.Contrast this absurd standard with that presented to little boys with their“action figures”.Most of the toys that young boys have pl
43、ayed with were weird-looking,like the one called Buzz-Off that was part human,part flying insect.This guy was not a looker,but he was still extremely self-confident.You could not imagine him saying to the others,“Is this accessory the right shade of violet for this outfit?”(Para.6,Text A)Warming-UpK
44、-DerivingFurther Dev.Text DecodingText DecodingDiscussionDiscussionJotterJotterSummarySummaryA.Reading Skill Identifying the Topic SentenceExample 2:In Example 2,the topic sentence is in the middle of the paragraph,and in this case,the second sentence.It is preceded by a question that serves to attr
45、act the readers attention.It gives a general view about womens insecurity with their appearance,saying that one important cause for this is the type ofWarming-UpK-DerivingFurther Dev.Text DecodingText DecodingDiscussionDiscussionJotterJotterSummarySummaryA.Reading Skill Identifying the Topic Sentenc
46、eExample 2:toys they play with in childhood.Then the rest of the paragraph describes in detail the kind of dolls girls and boys usually own and explains how they influence womens perception of their body.Warming-UpK-DerivingFurther Dev.Text DecodingText DecodingDiscussionDiscussionJotterJotterSummar
47、ySummaryA.Reading Skill Identifying the Topic Sentence Example 2:To avoid sleep problems,alcoholic beverages or drinks with caffeine should not be taken before bedtime.Another way to avoid sleep problems is not to exercise within three hours of bedtime.It is also helpful if you plan a sleep routine.
48、You should go to bed at the same time and get up at the same time each day.These are some simple guidelines that can help you avoid sleep problems.The topic sentence in Example 3 appears at the end,summarizing what has been discussed before.Warming-UpK-DerivingFurther Dev.Text DecodingText DecodingD
49、iscussionDiscussionJotterJotterSummarySummaryA.Reading Skill Identifying the Topic Sentence Example 3:B.Text Decoding through Identifying the Topic SentenceWarming-UpK-DerivingFurther Dev.Read the text and identify the topic sentence.What is the writing mode of the text?Statement+Illustration+Conclu
50、sionReading SkillReading SkillDiscussionDiscussionJotterJotterSummarySummaryStatement:Paras.1-2 Illustration:Paras.3-9 Conclusion:Paras.10-12B.Text Decoding through Identifying the Topic SentenceRead the text and identify the topic sentence.Part I General statement(Paras.1-2)How does the author lead
