1、（英语）50套高中英语阅读理解(社会文化)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Fantastic Fall Festivals You Wont Want to Miss Seymour Apple Festival Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment! More than 15, 000 people from all over the region come out to take part in the
2、activities, ranging from drawings, vendor booths, food, apple contests, bike-decorating contests, and more. Marionville Apple Festival The popular Marionville Apple Festival is home to countless activities and events. The carnival, pony rides, and games will keep the kids busy, while adults will enj
3、oy watching the pie-eating contest and browsing dozens of craft vendor booths. Humansville Fall Festival The Humansville Fall Festival may be hosted by a small town but that doesnt mean its lacking big fun. Perfect for all ages, this fall festival is celebrating its 70th year and will provide three
4、full days of fun. This years festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years. Youll also find fun carnival rides, talented artisans selling their goods, and an amazing parade to wrap up the event on Saturday. South
5、side Fall Festival The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environment and free admission. Enjoy a colorful parade and float contest, delicious food vendors, live music, karaoke, and more. Fall Into Arts Festival Make sure to bring the kids along for this
6、 festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food,
7、 a mini film festival, and much more.（1）Which festivals are free of charge? A.Southside Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival.B.Seymour Apple Festival and Southside Fall Festival.C.Humansville Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival.D.Seymour Apple Festival and Marionville Apple Festival.（2）Wh
8、at makes Humansville Fall Festival special this year? A.Fun activities on Saturday.B.The duration of the festival.C.The area of the hosting town.D.Musicians live performance.（3）Fall Into Arts Festival is specially welcomed by _. A.movie loversB.modern artistsC.visitors of all agesD.families with kid
9、s【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个秋季的节日。 （1）考查细节理解。根据Seymour Apple Festival部分中的“Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment!”可知，西摩苹果节的门票是免费的，娱乐也是免费的！和Southside Fall Festival部分中的“The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-fre
10、e environment and free admission.”可知，此节日也是免费入场。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据Humansville Fall Festival部分中的“This years festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years.”可知，今年的音乐节将以当地优秀音乐家的现场音乐为特色，使它有别于往年。故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据Fall Int
11、o Arts Festival部分中的“Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do
12、 as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival, and much more.”可知，秋季艺术节既有许多孩子喜爱的活动，也有为父母准备的活动，故特别受到有孩子的家庭的欢迎。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Being attractive isnt usually considered much of a disadvantage in todays world. Actua
13、lly, there is the endless potential benefit about it, but researchers have found one area that being pretty makes life a challenge securing yourself a boring, lowpaying job. This stands in contrast to a large body of research that attractiveness, in general, helps candidates in the selection process
14、. For the most part good looks is a blessing. We treat pretty people more favorably in general, often vote for them more in elections, and pay them more in their professions. The research suggests that attractive people may be discriminated against in selection for relatively less desirable jobs. Re
15、searchers carried out four experiments involving more than 750 participants, including university students and managers who make hiring decisions in the real world. Participants were shown photos of two potential job candidates, one attractive and the other unattractive. Participants were then asked
16、 a series of questions designed to measure their opinions of the job candidates and whether they would hire these candidates for a lessthandesirable job. The less desirable jobs included a warehouse worker, housekeeper, customer service representative and the more desirable jobs included things like
17、 a manager, project director, IT elite(精英). In all experiments where they were asked, participants were significantly less likely to hire the attractive candidate for the less desirable job and more likely to hire the attractive candidate for the more desirable job. Ms Lee said, In the selection dec
18、ision for an undesirable job, decision makers were more likely to choose the unattractive individual over the attractive individual. Coauthor Dr Madan Pillutla said, It is interesting that decision makers consider others opinions in their decisions. They thought that attractive individuals would wan
19、t better outcomes, and therefore would be less satisfied, so they favored unattractive candidates when selecting for a less desirable job. The research also suggests the established view that attractive candidates are favored when applying for jobs might be limited to highlevel jobs.（1）What do peopl
20、e generally think of being attractive? A.It is a disadvantage.B.It is a blessing.C.it is not important.D.It has nothing to do with jobs.（2）What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.The participants of the experiment.B.The importance of the experiment.C.The process of the experiment.D.The result of
21、the experiment.（3）An ordinarylooking graduate may have an advantage when applying for _. A.a managerB.a project directorC.a warehouse workerD.an IT elite（4）Why are less attractive applicants preferred for less desirable jobs? A.Because they are more hardworking.B.Because they will be more satisfied.
22、C.Because they have no requirements at all.D.Because they will want better outcomes.（5）Which of the following agrees with the research? A.Attractive people are more fit for highlevel jobs.B.Less attractive people are easy to find highlevel jobs.C.Attractive people can always be hired when applying f
23、or jobs.D.Less attractive people can easily get highly paid if they work hard.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）C（4）B（5）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了吸引力和求职之间的关系。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的For the most part good looks is a blessing.可知,在很大程度上,美貌是一种福气,由此可知,人们普遍认为有吸引力是一种福气,故选B。 （2）考查段落大意。根据第三段内容,特别是Participants were shown photos of two
24、potential job candidates, one attractive and the other unattractive.可知,本段主要介绍了研究人员对吸引力和求职之间的关系的实验过程,故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的The less desirable jobs included a warehouse worker, housekeeper, customer service representative及participants were significantly less likely to hire the attractive candidate for
25、 the less desirable job可知,参与者不太可能雇有吸引力的人做不那么理想的工作,而仓库管理员是不理想的工作之一,由此可知,长相一般的人在申请仓库管理员职位上有优势,故选C。 （4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的They thought that attractive individuals would want better outcomes, and therefore would be less satisfied, so they favored unattractive candidates when selecting for a less desirable
26、job.可知,有吸引力的人希望更好的结果,因此不太容易满足,所以参与者在选择不那么理想的工作时更喜欢长相一般的候选人,由此可知,长相一般的人更喜欢不那么理想的工作是因为他们更容易满足,故选B。 （5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的The research also suggests the established view that attractive candidates are favored when applying for jobs might be limited to highlevel jobs.可知,有吸引力的求职者更受青睐的观点可能仅限于高层职位,由此可知,有吸引力的人更
27、适合高层工作与研究结果相符合,故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 The British live on a small island. They are surrounded by thesea, so it is not surprising that the sea has always played an important role intheir lives. After the development of large, ocean
28、going sailing ships in the fifteenthcentury, the sea became even more important to the countrys development. Shipssetting sail from England determined to extend Britains territories, its wealthand its knowledge of the world. Ships returned to England bringing goods, peopleand new ideas from foreign
29、places. By the nineteenth century, Britain had the largest,most powerful navy in the world. The great sailing ships were so much a part of British life thatthey even affected the language. Many English expressions we use today were originallynautical (航海的)terms, although most people no longer realiz
30、e this. For example, people commonlydescribe an honest and fair business deal as being above board. Thisexpression was originally used in sailing ship times when secretive, dishonest shipsbusiness would be carried out below decks (below the boards) out of public view.On the other hand, honest busine
31、ss was always conducted on deck (above the boards),in the open where everyone could see what was going on. Pipe down!, meaning Be quiet!, is anothercommon expression that has nautical origins. The ships boatswain (水手长) would blow a whistle, or pipe, at theend of the day to indicate (表明) to the sailo
32、rs it was time to quieten down and go to sleep. Most native English speakers have heard the expression notenough room to swing a cat, but few know that the cat does notrefer to a small furry animal with four legs and a tail. The cat isactually a short form of cat of nine tails a whip with nine, knot
33、ted(打结的) tails. A boatswain needed a lot of spacein order to swing the whip properly when lashing (鞭打) a poor sailor under his control!（1）The British have been strongly influenced by the sea because _. A.they occupied more land around the worldB.they got more wealth from the seaC.they live on an isl
34、and surrounded by the seaD.they had the largest navy ever（2）If someone is open and above board, it means he is _. A.secretiveB.honestC.cheerfulD.dishonest（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.Sailors need to go to sleep when they hear a whistle.B.Sailors will be whipped if th
35、ey do business below decks.C.A poor sailor may be whipped nine times a day.D.There is no spare room to raise cats on ships.（4）What is the main idea of the passage? A.The business on British sailing ships.B.The influence of British sailors language on English.C.The sailing history of England.D.The sa
36、iling story of British sailors.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，英国作为一个岛国，四周环海，海洋在英国人的生活中起着重要的作用。英国曾有着强大的海军。一直以来，水手们经常使用的一些航海术语丰富并影响着英语这门语言。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“They are surrounded by the sea, so it is not surprising that the sea has always played an important role in their lives.”可知，英国被海洋环绕，海对英国人的
37、生活影响很大。故选C。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“people commonly describe an honest and fair business deal as being “above board”可知，如果”一个诚实公正的人就会被认为是above board”。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The ships boatswain (水手长) would blow a whistle, or pipe, at the end of the day to indicate (表明) to the sailors it was time to quieten do
38、wn and go to sleep.”可知船上的水手长会在一天结束的时候吹口哨或吹笛子，向水手们表示应该安静下来睡觉了。故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段介绍英国是一个受到海洋影响的国家，四周环海，航海在人们的生活中起着重要的作用。以此引入主题即水手们在航行时使用的一些航海术语对英语这门语言所产生的影响。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 The influence of America is increasing in
39、my country. Spanish people drink Coca Cola, wear blue jeans, watch Hollywood movies, listen to American music, and eat fast food, and they do these things every day. I think that American movies are a good way to spread American culture because people are often influenced by what they see in the mov
40、ies. Most of the programs and documentaries(记录片) we watch on TV are from America, and most of the movies we go to see are made in Hollywood. In the last few years, the government has tried to protect the Spanish movies. Now, in our cinemas, at least twenty percent of the movies which are shown must
41、be from Spain or from other countries in Europe. American culture is a part of Spanish life now. Its certain that many things from America are as much a part of peoples lives as Spanish things. For example, Coca Cola is as familiar to everybody as any typical Spanish product. Ive known about Coca Co
42、la for my whole life. However, its different with Western fast food. For example, I dont think McDonalds is as successful in Spain as it is in other countries. In my opinion, one of the reasons may be the lifestyle of the Spanish people, The Spanish people normally eat at home. On the other hand, ma
43、ybe McDonalds hamburgers will eventually replace the famous Spanish tapas. Its true that in every city in Spain you can find a McDonalds, and it is more popular among the Spanish children than among the adults. In any case, its obvious that American culture is becoming more and more a part of our li
44、ves every day. （1）From the first paragraph we can know that . A.the influence of America on Spain can be found everywhere.B.most Spanish people dont like to listen to their own music,C.fast food spreads from Spain to the United States.D.some Spanish actors go to America to improve their acting skill
45、s.（2）What plays an important part in the spreading of American culture in Spain? A.American novels.B.Hollywood movies.C.McDonald.D.American music.（3）Why did the government set some rules for the films shown in Spain? A.To protect foreign culture in Spain.B.To earn more money from Spanish films.C.To
46、limit the number of foreign movie.D.To unite European Communities.（4）What do you think Spanish tapas might be? A.The name of a drink.B.The name of a restaurant.C.A clothing brand.D.A certain kind of food.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了美国对作者家乡西班牙有很大的影响，美国人的饮食习惯。穿着习惯和生活习惯都极大影响了西班牙人。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段可知，到处都可以发现美国对西班牙的影响。选A。(2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I think that American movies are a good way to spread American culture”可知，故答案选B。(3)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“In the last few years, the government has tried t
