1、(英语) 中考英语定语从句专题训练答案一、定语从句1Xiandao Lake in Yangxin is the famous place _ well visit next week.AthatBwhoCwhereDwhom【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:阳新的仙岛湖是我们下周要参观的著名的地方。本句考查定语从句,先行词是place,从句意来看,其在定语从句中作visit的宾语,指事物,因此关系词用that。故选A。考点:考查定语从句。2The TV play is about a true story _ happened in Lijiang in 1998.AitBwhatCthat
2、Dwhen【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:这部电视剧讲的是1998年发生在丽江的一个真实故事。考查定语从句引导词。it和what不可引导定语从句,可排除AB两项。when用于先行词指时间时;that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。本句story是物,引导词在从句中做主语,需用连接代词that;根据句意结构,可知选C。3She is talking about the school and teachers _ we visited last month.AwhoBwhichCwhereDthat【答案】D【解析】句意:她正在谈论关于我们上个月参观的那个学校和那里的老师。who引导
3、定语从句,修饰人,作主语或宾语;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语或宾语;where引导定语从句,修饰地点名词,作状语;that引导定语从句,修饰人或事物,作主语或宾语。根据the school and teachers可知此处既修饰人,又修饰事物,故用that引导定语从句,故选D。4The old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close toeach other.AwhoBthatCwhatDThey【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句中先行词为small houses,在定语从句中作主语,故用关系代词that。句意
4、:老镇有狭窄的街道,小房子建得彼此相靠近。考点:考查定语从句的用法5One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance(优雅).AwhichBwhoChowDwhat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:一个学识渊博的人总是举止优雅。考查关系代词。A. which关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代物;B. who关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代人;C. how关系副词;D. what不能引导定语从句。根据One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance(优雅).可知,先行词on
5、e指代人,所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句,同时在定语从句中作主语,结合选项可知B选项符合题意,故答案选B。6Have you seen my watch anywhere, Lucy?Is it the one your uncle bought for you in Hong Kong?AwhoBwhatCthatDwhen【答案】C【解析】试题分析:句意:露西,你在哪儿看到我的表了吗?是你叔叔在香港给你买的那一块吗?后句是一个带有定语从句的复合句,先行词the one指事物“表”,关系词用that。故选C。考点:考查连词辨析。7This is the most beautifu
6、l picture _ I have ever seen.AthatBwhichCwhatDwho【答案】A【解析】句意:这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时,引导词应用that。结合句意和语境可知选A。点睛:限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况: 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如:Have you se
7、t down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who。如: Any man that / who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重
8、要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如: This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如: She is the only person that understands me. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如:Wang Hua is the only
9、 person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如:Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁?Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间? 当先行词人与物时。如:Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way(方法)等词时,
10、关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如:She admired the way (that) they solved the questions.8One of the most delicious drinks _ I like is orange juice.AwhichBthatCwhoseDwhom【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:我喜欢的一种最美味的饮料是橘子汁。考查定语从句。本句先行词drinks,先行词有形容词最高级修饰,可知用关系代词that引导此定语从句,故选B。【点睛】that在定语从句中做主语、表语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。
11、(1)必须用that的情况:先行词有人又有物/先行词有形容词最高级修饰/先行词是不定代词/先行词有不定代词修饰/以who,which开头的问句/先行词有the very, the same ,the last等词修饰/先行词有序数词,数词修饰时。/关系词在定语从句中做表语时。(2)不能用that的情况:介词+关系词/非限定性定语从句。9(江苏省淮安市2015年中考英语试)- What are you doing? -Im reading the book _you lent me last week.AwhatBwhoCwhenDthat【答案】D【解析】【分析】考点:考查关系代词。【详解】试
12、题分析:句意:-你在做什么?-我正在读你上周借给我的书。what 什么,不引导定语从句;who谁,先行词是人;when什么时候,先行词是时间;that那个,先行词是人或物。根据句意可知,这里是一个定语从句,修饰前面的名词the book,指物,故应选D。10This is the book tells many English stories.AwhatBwhichCwho【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:这是那本讲诉很多英语故事的书。此处定语从句修饰先行词book, 故排除what和who,此处关系代词which在定语从句中作主语。故选B。【考点定位】考查定语从句的用法。11 Do you
13、like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV? Sure. Its a great TV program can develop the habit of reading.AwhoBthatCwhatDwhose【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:你喜欢中央电视台每周一次的节目朗读者吗?当然了,这是一个很棒的节目,能培养阅读的习惯。根据句子结构可知,这里考查定语从句,who是关系代词,先行词为人,在从句中作主语或宾语;that先行词人或物都可以,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不能引导定语从句,先排除;whose的,先行词可以是人或物。这个定语从句的先行
14、词是program,故排除A;D选项意思不合适。故应选B。12Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students.AwhichBwhoCwhere【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。本题考查定语从句。A.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.表示地方,在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher,指人,在从句中作主语,故选B。【点睛】做定语从句的题时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断
15、。13Wang Yangming is a great educationalist developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. AwhichBwhatCwho【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家,他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。A. which关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是物;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. who关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是人,根据 educationalis指人,所以用who,故选C。14 -Who is the man _ was talking to our English teache
16、r?-Oh! Its Mr Baker, our maths teacher.AheBthatCwhomDwhich【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:-和我们的英语老师说话的那个人是谁?-哦,是Baker先生,我们的数学老师。根据句意可知,这里考查的是定语从句。he只是一个代词,不能引导从句;which引导定语从句时,先行词应是物,但是这里的先行词是the man,指的是人;whom引导定语从句时,先行词是人,在定语从句中做宾语,但是现在从句中缺少主语,因此whom也不行。故选that,that 引导定语从句时,先行词可以是人也可以是物,在从句中可以做主语和宾语。考点:考查关系代词。15The
17、 teenagers like the musician _ different kinds of music.Awho playBwhich playsCwho playsDthat play【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】试题分析:句意:青少年喜欢演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。The musician是先行词,后面跟的是它的定语从句。先行词musician指人,用who、that引出定语从句,错;关系词在定语从句中作主语,定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致。musician是单数,谓语用单数:plays。故选C。16What kind of TV shows do you prefer?I li
18、ke the ones _ make me laugh.AwhoBwhomCthatDwhat【答案】C【解析】句意:-你喜欢哪种电视节目?-我喜欢那种使我笑的节目。_ make me laugh 是定语从句。A. who是定语从句的关系代词,指人的;在句中作主语; B. whom是定语从句的关系代词,指人的;在句中作宾语;C. that是定语从句的关系代词,指人或物;在句中作主语或宾语; D. what不能引导定语从句。故排除D;第二句中的the ones代替前面出现的名词电视节目,指物,故排除AB;故选C。点睛:考查定语从句。首先分析句子是否是定语从句。看选项有哪个可以作关系词,what不
19、能引导定语从句。再次根据先行词指人还是指物,找对应的关系词。17The story _ I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.AwhoseBwhoCthatDwhere【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意:我在报纸上读到的那个故事是关于青少年的一个普遍问题。考查定语从句的先行词。这里指代我在报纸上所读的故事,用that作为定语从句的先行词。故选C。18(河南省2015年中考英语试题)Why dont you like fishing? Fishing is a hobby needs much patie
20、nce, but Im not patient at all.AwhoBthatCitDwhat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意:你为什么不喜欢钓鱼?钓鱼的爱好需要很大的耐心,但我根本没有耐心。考查定语从句的用法。who谁;that那;it它;what什么。先行词a hobby是物,在定语从句中作主语, 可知用关系代词that或which引导此定语从句,结合选项可知选B。19The Palace Museum is the best place Ive ever visited.AwhoBthatCwhereDwhat【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:故宫博物院是我曾经参观过最好的地方。whic
21、h, that引导的从句,它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时,用that而不用which。本句中先行词是the best place,此先行词为下文定语从句的逻辑宾语,指物,先行词前有最高级修饰,故用that引导此句的定语从句。选B。考点:考查定语从句。20 Most grandmas prefer the song Little Apple that they can dance their square dances to .AthatBwhoseCwhereDHow【答案】A【解析】试题分析:句意:大多数奶奶最喜欢小苹果这首歌,她们能跟着跳广场舞
22、。A. that 那个;B. Whose谁的;C. Where在哪;D. How怎样;这里是that引导的宾语从句,先行词是物,用关系词that。根据题意。故选A。考点:考查定语从句21 What did you do in todays history class? We talked about the characters _ achieve fame in our Chinese history.AwhenBwhatCwhereDwho【答案】D【解析】D试题分析:句意:你们在今天的历史课上做了什么?我们谈论了在我们的中国历史上有名望的人物。此句考查定语从句,先行词characters
23、指人,故关联词用who,在从句中作主语,答案为D。考点:考查定语从句的关联词。22I like the actors are very famous now.AwhichBwhoCwhy【答案】B【解析】句意:我喜欢那些现在非常出面的演员。先行词actors表示人,故用who引导定语从句,故选B。23I like the teacher is strict with us.AthatBwhomCwhose【答案】A【解析】句意:我喜欢对我们严格的老师。that是关系代词,可以引导定语从句,在从句中做主语或宾语,先行词可以是人,也可以是物;whom是关系代词,引导定语从句,在从句中做宾语,先行词
24、是人;whose的,也可以引导定语从句,后面修饰名词。这个定语从句中缺少主语,故应选A。24-Ive been thinking about those questions you asked me last week.-Oh, really? Have you got any valuable idea?AwhichBwhoCwhatDwhy【答案】A【解析】句意:我一直在思考那些你上周问的那些问题。哦,真的吗?你有任何宝贵的意见吗?which引导定语从句,作主语或宾语,修饰事物。who引导定语从句,作主语,修饰人;what位于名词性从句中做主语,宾语,表语,表示事物;why引导定语从句,作
25、状语,修饰表示原因的名词。先行词questions表示事,故用代词which引导定语从句,故选A。25Nanjing Yangtse River Bridge was built in the 1960s is now under repair.AwhoBwhoseCwhichDwhat【答案】C【解析】句意:建于上世纪60年代的南京长江大桥现在正在修理。who引导定语从句,先行词应该是人,在从句中做主语或宾语;whose的;which引导定语从句,先行词是物,which在从句中做主语或宾语;what什么,不能引导定语从句。这个定语从句的先行词是Nanjing Yangtse River Br
26、idge,是物,故应选C。26 I saw the dog along with a girl _was the only guide dog in our city.AwhoBwhichCwhomDWhat【答案】B【解析】试题分析:句意:我看见这个女孩和我们城市的唯一的一条导盲犬在一起。A.who谁;B. which 哪一个;C. Whom谁;D. What什么。本题考查定语从句的用法,由于先行词物。结合句意,故选B考点:考查定语从句。27Most students enjoy having lessons _ are interesting and lively.AthatBwhatCw
27、hoDwhose【答案】A【解析】句意:大多数学生喜欢有趣的充满活力的课堂。此句考查定语从句的关联词,what不能引导定语从句,先行词lessons指物,要由that/which来引导,作定语从句的主语,故答案为A。28The first thing_ I did on Mothers Day was to make breakfast for her.AwhoBwhereCwhoseDthat【答案】D【解析】句意:我在母亲节要做的第一件事情就是为她做一顿早饭。整个句子的主语是The first thing,谓语动词是was,to make breakfast for her是表语。I di
28、d on Mothers Day作定语修饰前面的the first thing, 定语从句中缺少did的宾语,先行词the first thing是指事情,who指人的,故排除A;where在定语从句当中作状语,故排除B;whose在定语从句中作定语,故排除C,因为先行词有序数词来修饰,指物的时候关系词应该用that,故选D。点睛:考查定语从句中关系词的选用。首先应当会分析句子成分,会分析这是一个定语从句;其次必须了解四个选项的关系词,在定语从句当中所做的成分及指代的什么。29You look smart in the Tshirt _ your daughter bought for you
29、. Thanks a lot.AwhichBwhoCwhomDwhose【答案】A【解析】本题考查定语从句。根据句意“你穿上那件你女儿为你买的衣服看起来很时尚”。先行词为the T-shirt,指物,在从句中做宾语。A. which指物,做主语和宾语;B.指人,做主语和宾语;C.whom指人,做宾语;D. whose指人和物,做定语。故选A。【点睛】作定语从句时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分,从而做出正确的判断。30-Only You is a TV program is popular with most young
30、people.-Yes, it is definitely true.AthatBwhoseCwhatDwho【答案】A【解析】句意:只有你是一个深受大多数年轻人喜爱的电视节目。是的,这是千真万确的。本题考查定语从句的关联词,what不能引导定语从句,首先排除C;that的先行词是人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whose先行词指人或物,在定语从句中作定语;who的先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语。本句的先行词TV program指物,在定语从句中作主语,故答案为A。点睛:在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时
31、,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于介词+ which结构,因此常常和介词+ which结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。