1、（英语）中考英语英语阅读理解汇编专项训练及答案及解析一、中考英语阅读理解汇编1根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 Im going to bed earlier tomorrow! But no matter how we decide, there are still many chances that we break our promises. This behavior is called bedtime procrastination（睡眠拖延症）, and results from being short of selfcontrol and our body clock. Bedtim
2、e procrastination is a common problem. According to a study, Among 2, 400 people, 53 percent of them couldnt follow their sleeping time they had planned, delaying（推迟）it at least twice a week. They delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late, but they couldnt stop doing some other things.
3、Accordingly, People who usually have trouble resisting temptations（抵制诱惑） and adhering to their intentions（坚持己见） are more likely to delay going to bed. However, scientists think being short of selfcontrol is not the only problem. Our body clock also lays an important role when it comes to bedtime. In
4、 order to check the influence of the body clock on sleep, scientists studied the sleep patterns （t模式）of 108 people. It was found that those who got up late are more likely to delay their bedtime than those who woke up early every morning. And more surprisingly, night owls（夜猫子）would go to bed late at
5、 the very beginning of the weekday, even though they had to get up early for work and school. Its their special body clock that plays a part in delaying their bedtime. People always think that bedtime procrastination isnt a big problem, but the choices we make that affect （影响）our sleep could finally
6、 be pretty important for our health.（1）Bedtime procrastination is partly because of . A.being short of selfcontrolB.resisting temptationsC.adhering to their intentionsD.working hard（2）Bedtime procrastination is a common problem because . A.people liked to stay up lateB.people have troule going to be
7、dC.over 50% of people couldnt sleep on timeD.people are night owls（3） people were tested on the sleeping influence of the body clock. A.2400B.53 percent ofC.47 percent ofD.108（4）According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true？ A.People who got up late are more likely to delay their bedt
8、ime.B.People who woke up early may not delay their bedtime.C.Night owls always got up late.D.Night owls delayed their bedtime due to their special body clock.（5）The writer implies（暗示）that bedtime procrastination . A.is not a big problemB.has no any influence on our bodyC.is the choice we makeD.is ha
9、rmful【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）C（5）D 【解析】【分析】主要讲了睡眠拖延症，介绍了原因和危害。 （1）细节理解题。根据This behavior is called bedtime procrastination（睡眠拖延症），and results from being short of selfcontrol and our body clock.这种行为被称为睡前拖延症（beddime delutination）是由于缺乏自我控制和我们的生物钟所致，故选A。 （2）细节理解题。根据They delayed bedtime not because they liked
10、 to stay up late，but they couldnt stop doing some other things. 他们推迟睡觉时间不是因为他们喜欢熬夜，而是因为他们不能停止做一些事情.，可只是因为超过50%的人不能按时睡觉，故选C。 （3）细节理解题。根据In order to check the influence of the body clock on sleep，scientists studied the sleep patterns of 108 people为了检验生物钟对睡眠的影响，科学家研究了108人的睡眠模式，故选D。 （4）细节理解题。根据 night ow
11、ls（夜猫子）would go to bed late at the very beginning of the weekday，even though they had to get up early for work and school. 夜猫子（night owls）会在工作日的最开始很晚睡觉，即使他们必须早起上班和上学， 可知夜猫子起床晚是错误的，故选C。 （5）细节题。根据People always think that bedtime procrastination isnt a big problem，but the choices we make that affect （影
12、响）our sleep could finally be pretty important for our health.人们总是认为睡前拖延不是一个大问题，但是我们做出的影响睡眠的选择最终可能对我们的健康非常重要，可知是有害的，故选D。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。2阅读理解 The Big WheelNew ride opens on May at Adventure ParkSee all the city from itTickets on said at the par k entranceAdults: $ 3.50Under 16 s: 2.50
13、Future WorldThe amazing new computer gameOn sale from next week in computer shops and supermarketsFor 24 playersOnly $ 35!Jeep RidesIn the desertTuesday and Saturday2:00 p. m till 6:00 p. m. $17.50 per personChildren must be ever 12 years oldTel: 321703Competition Young singer of the YearYork Concer
14、t HallMay 29Win a guitar!Singers must be under 16Want to know more? Call or text 998456Teen VoiceThe new magazine for teenagers $ 2Interesting stories and pages of fashion and musicOn sale every weekGo to www.teenvoice. comTop Two Books this MonthForest Street by Alan Banks and Best Bike Ride by Kim
15、 JamsOrder before April 10 for a special price for both books $ 20www. booksalot. com（1）If you want to know more information about the singing competition, you can _. A.go to www.teenvoice. comB.go to www.booksalot. comC.call them at 321703D.call or text 998456（2）Tom wants to play computer games wit
16、h his friends, what wilt he choose? A.Then Voice.B.Future World.C.Best Bike RideD.Forest Street.（3）Which of the following is NOT true? A.Best Bike Ride is written by Kim Jams.B.The new magazine for teenagers is on sale every week.C.Eleven-year-old David is allowed to drive a jeep in the desert on Tu
17、esday.D.Paul and Tina are going to the Big Wheel with theirs 4-year-old son, they should pay $ 9.50 for the tickets.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C 【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了六则广告的一些信息。 （1）细节理解题。根据表格四句子Competition Young singer of the Year，York Concert Hall，May 29，Win a guitar!，Singers must be under 16，Want to know more？Ca
18、ll or text 998456年轻歌手比赛，纽约音乐厅，5月29日，赢得一个吉他，歌手必须在16岁以下，想知道更多？打电话或者发短信998456。可知可以打电话或者发短信998456。故选D。 （2）细节理解题 。根据表格二句子Future World，The amazing new computer game未来的世界，神奇的新电脑游戏。可知汤姆想和他的朋友们玩电脑游戏。应该买未来的世界。故选B。 （3）细节判断题 。根据表格三句子Children must be over 12 years old儿童必须超过12岁。可知11岁的大卫被允许驾驶一辆吉普车在沙漠中行驶是错误的。故选C。 【
19、点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。3阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in.
20、You do, too. Why? Sometimes we feel we are acting correctly when we do the same as others. The more people follow an idea, the better or truer we think the idea is. Its the social proof （社会认同感） that works. The scientist Asch carried out an experiment. It shows how social proof can influence us. In a
21、 room, a man is shown Line 1, and next to it are three lines （A, B, C）. A is longer, C is shorter and B is as long as Line 1. He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1. When the man is alone, he gives the correct answer B. Then, five other men enter the room, and each of them gives
22、the answer C as they were told to. Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C. Asch got the same result many times among different subjects （实验对象）. Why do we act like this? Well, in the past, following others was a way to keep from danger. Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打猎） w
23、ith friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others action. It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now. Social proof has special power. The advertising industry, f
24、or example, often makes use of it. So be capful whenever a company says its product is the most popular.（1）At the beginning of the passage, the writer leads in the topic by _. A.telling a storyB.giving examplesC.answering questionsD.showing a map（2）According to Paragraph 3, the experiment by Asch sh
25、ows _. A.following others is always rightB.social proof may change peoples ideasC.its difficult to carry out the experimentD.people can study better if they are alone（3）The underlined word It in Paragraph g refers to _. A.running with othersB.hunting with friendsC.copying others actionD.doing someth
26、ing different（4）According to the passage, we can infer （推断） that _. A.its important to run with others anytimeB.products in the advertisement are the bestC.we mustnt copy others action to keep safeD.we need to think twice before following others【答案】 （1）B（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文通过几个实例说明了社会认知感对人
27、们的影响。 （1）细节理解题。 In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why? 可知作者是通过实例说明了一个论点社会认同感的影响。故选B。 （2）细节理解题。第三段的实验内容主要讲让人们选择一个正确答案，在一个人单
28、独思考的状况下，可以答对；当一群人一起看问题，并告知他们前面的人选择的一个错误答案，他们就都选择认可前人回答的错误答案，由此可知社会认同感会让人改变观点。故选B。 （3）词意猜测题。根据Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打猎） with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who
29、 copied others action.这种观念深深种在我们的脑海中并且现在我们仍旧在使用。可知it指的是人们抄袭他人的行动。故选C。 （4）推理判断题。根据 So be careful whenever a company says its product is the most popular. 因此无论何时当一个公司说它的产品是对受欢迎的要小心。可知当我们在跟从别人之前要再三考虑。故选D。 【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先阅读短文，了解短文大意，然后分析问题，弄清题意，再带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出问题答案。对于推理判断题要根据文章中相关的细节进行推理判断，不要主观臆断，要根据作
30、者的观点确定。 4阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 Artificial intelligence（AI）（人工智能）is the ability of a computer program or a machine. The computer or the machine with AI can think and learn. It is also a field of study that tries to make computers smart. John McCarthy, a scientist, came up with（提出）the name a
31、rtificial intelligence over 60 years ago. Many things such as learning and problem solving can be done by computers, though not in the same way as people do. An unusual goal of AI research is to create computer programs. They can learn, solve problems, and think logically（逻辑地）. At present, Al can su
32、ccessfully understanding human speech, recognizie （识别）human faces, operate self-driving cars and compete in some game systems like playing Chess. However, Some people also consider（认为）AI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly. A famous British scientist also was not for this kind of technolog
33、y. Math is the basic language of AI. If students are good at math, they will be more likely to become successful AI designers（设计者）in the future. We need not only bright students, but also average（普通的）students. As for（对于）average students ，if they get enough math skills, they can also become successfu
34、l AI designers. Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing. Scientists hope to create creative（有创造力）and emotional （有感情的）AI. The AI can possibly understand human feelings or create art. Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this wide and exciting field.
35、 （1）From Paragraph 1, we know that _. A.all problems can be solved by computers.B.machines with AI can think and learn.C.AI has been around for only 60 years.D.AI works in the same way as people.（2）According to the passage, what cant AI do at present? A.Understand hunman speech.B.Operate self-drivin
36、g cars.C.Compete in some game systems.D.Understand human feelings.（3）The underlined word it in Paragraph 2 refers to（指的是） . A.chess.B.a scientist.C.the danger.D.AI.（4）According to the passage, if students want to become successful AI designers, they should learn well. A.math and art.B.art and techno
37、logy.C.math and computer science.D.art and computer science.（5）Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientist about AI. A.wishes.B.worries.C.feelings.D.discoveries.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）D（4）C（5）A 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了人工智能的发展，最新的成果，以及设计师必备的技能。 （1）细节题。根据 The computer or the machine with AI can think and learn，可知从第1段我们知道
38、具有AI的机器可以思考和学习，故选B。 （2）推理题。根据 Scientists hope to create creative（有创造力） and emotional ,The AI can possibly understand human feelings or create art 科学家们希望创造出富有创造性和情感的人工智能，它可能理解人类的情感或创造出艺术，可知目前AI 不能理解人类的感受，故选D。 （3）词义猜测题。根据 However, Some people also consider（认为） AI a danger to humans ifitdevelops too qu
39、ickly. 然而，如果人工智能发展得太快，一些人也认为它对人类有危险，可知it 指代AI，故选D。 （4）细节题。根据 if they get enough math skills, they can also become successful AI designers. Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing. 如果他们有足够的数学技能，他们也可以成为成功的人工智能设计师。此外，对于人工智能设计来说，良好的计算机科学知识也是必不可少的，可知根据文章，如果学生想成为成功
40、的人工智能设计师，他们应该学好数学和计算机科学，故选C。 （5）主旨题。根据 Scientistshope to create creative and emotional AI which can possibly understand human feelings or create art.科学家希望创造出能够理解人类情感或创造艺术的具有创造性和情感化的人工智能。 可知，第4段主要告诉我们科学家对人工智能的愿望，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下
41、文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。5阅读理解 The human body is a machine that can raise lots of interesting questions. Why, for example, are yawns （呵欠） contagious （传染的）? Whats up with ice-cream headaches? Here are answers to these and other questions about our bodies. Why do I get a headache when I eat
42、ice cream too quickly? Scientists arent exactly sure what causes the brain freeze when we eat ice cream or other super cold foods too quickly, though some believe its the result of changed blood .flow in the nervous system. Blood vessels in the head tighten to stop the loss of body heat and then rel
43、ax to let blood flow rise; that sudden rush of blood is what causes the headache. You can improve an ice-cream headache by rapidly rubbing your tongue across the roof of your mouth to help warm up things. What causes my stomach to make a low continuous noise when Im hungry? Actually, your stomach ma
44、kes noise whether youre hungry or full; you just hear it more clearly when youre hungry. Think of your digestive tract（消化道）as a really long tube lined with smooth muscle tissue. These muscles move food, fluids and gas through your digestive tract. _. It can make you feel embarrassed（尴尬的）but is nothing to worry about. Why do I blush when Im embarrassed? When youre embarrassed, your brain releases a shot of adrenaline（肾上腺素）, which makes your heart race and blood vessels become larger in size. All this happens to increase blood flow and
