1、Listening Comprehension for CET-4 1.题型概述及短文听力技巧题型概述及短文听力技巧1.短对话理解 1-8 8%2.长对话理解 9-15 7%3.短文理解 16-25 10%4.复合式听写 26-36 10%2.对话听力的四大原则对话听力的四大原则1转折原则2受挫原则3反义近义形似选项保留原则 (单词替换)4视听反向，同义替换(听到啥不选啥)5男女原则3.1转折原则：But the lecture was much more difficult to follow than I had expected.(2008.6)But its no bother to
2、me.(2004,1)But there is a lot of laundry to do.（1999.6)But a friend of mine came to see me.(1999.1)4.2.受挫原则（按照非自然规律出题）火车必-，飞机必-。约会-，考试必-。课程超级-，作业-。票-，房-。回答是-，迂回很重要。5.5.男女原则：一般男生比较衰，女生比较牛。男生提出的观点女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的观点男生都是同意和赞赏的。男生的特征：脏、乱、差、浪费、穷、小气、不良习惯、迟钝、不顾家女生的特征：爱干净、节约、富有、好学、能干、聪明、大度、耐心、恋家、除数理化外成
3、绩都很好6.对话五大场景对话五大场景学校场景学校场景大一新生 :freshman大二学生 :sophomore 大三学生 :junior 大四学生 :senior 校长 ：president院长 :dean bean教授 ：professor 讲师 :lecturer 导师：tutor 学 士:Bachelor Degree硕 士 :M a s t e r Degree博 士:D o c t o r Degree post-doctor 7.课程分类 Optional course 选修课Required course 必修课Day course 白天的课Evening course 晚上的课
4、经常出现的科目或专业Chinese 中文English 英语mathematic 数学history 历史chemistry 化学Literature 文学8.考试 Final exam 期终考试middle exam 期中考试make up 补考test测验pop test 事先没有说好的测验quiz 测验oral test 口试 9.考试临近draw on/in sight of/draw nearly考试延期或取消delay/be off/defer/hold up/postpone/put off/suspend学校分类public school 公立学校private school
5、私立学校religious school 教会学校10.图书馆借书 lend/borrow/check out参考书 reference book续借 renew过期 overdue还书 return罚金 fine11.attend/have a lecture 上课cut a class 逃课miss a class 错过了课scholarship 荣誉奖学金assistantship 助教奖学金teaching assistant 助教research assistant 助研12.交通运输场景交通运输场景交通运输场景fare 车票licence 驾照rush hours 高峰时间traf
6、fic jam 交通堵塞 overtake 超车one way street 单行道13.over speed 超速police officer 交警ticket 罚单fine 罚金fast way/express way/high way 高速公路motor way 机动车道super way 飞机机动车道free way 免费高速公路14.交通工具(出现频率从高到低)plane/train(女)/bus/bike(女)/walk/taxi(女)：女生比较喜欢tunnel/channel 隧道ring road 环线subway(美)/underground(英)地铁metro 地道over
7、head 轻轨flyover 人行天桥mag lev 磁悬浮15.电话场景电话场景 mobile phone 手机pay phone 公用电话telephone box/booth 电话亭yellow page 黄页dial(拨电话号码)/press(按电话号码)extension 分机operator 总机putthrough 接通16.wrong number/there is no one by this name 电话号码错了/没有这个人is not in 不在?hold on 不要挂断，稍等take/leave a message 留言hang up/get off 挂断credit
8、 call 记账式电话bill the call into the 3rd party 免费电话collect call 对方付费电话17.机场场景机场场景plane/craft 飞机book 订票timetable 时间表destination 目的地open ticket 开放机票one way ticket 单程票round trip ticket 来回票non-stop/direct flight 直航transfer/lay over/stop over 转机18.送别时的祝语keep in touch 保持联系safe landing 安全着陆board 登机take off 起飞
9、departure 离港safety/sect belt 安全带land 着陆arrival 进港pick up 接机19.公司场景公司场景 job vacancy 有空缺职位 letter of application 求职信 resume 简历 resume包括几部分 basic/personal info.基本信息/个人资料 academic background 教育背景 work experience 工作经验 certificates and honours 所获荣誉20.interview 面试 offer 聘用信 work experience 工作经验 work overti
10、me 加班 ask for a raise 加钱 wage 周薪 salary 日薪 bonus奖金 allowance 津贴21.annual income 年收入 promotion 升职 fire 解雇 resign 辞职 work/job/career/course 工作 post/position/vocation/title 职务22.假期休息的说法(依次是从大到小)holiday 假日，假期 vacation 休假 annual leave 年假 sick leave 病假 rest 休息 break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息 coffee break away 离开一会23.租
11、房场景租房场景 live on campus 住校 live off campus 住校外 for sale 可销售的房子 for rent/lease 可出租的房子 to let 同上 rent 租金 utilities 公用事业费 location 位置24.suburb/downtown 市郊/市中心 condition 住房条件 furnished 配家具 unfurnished 无装修 leaking 漏水 blackout 断电 environment 环境 transportation 交通 land lord 房东25.land lady 房东太太 tenant 房客 room
12、mate 室友 好的室友：neat 整洁的 considerate 体贴的，细心的 不好的室友：messy/untidy 脏乱的 noisy 吵闹的26.医院场景医院场景 see a doctor 去医院看医生 send for a doctor 让医生出诊 health center/clinic 卫生所/门诊部 physician 内科医生 surgeon 外科医生 dentist 牙医 make an appointment 预约 emergency 急诊27.check up/exam 检查 cold(感冒)flu(流感)headache(头痛)sore throat(嗓子痛)feve
13、r(发烧)toothache(牙疼)stomachache(胃疼)prescribe 开药方 pill/tablet 药片 liquid 喝药水 injection=shot 注射 operation 手术 medical result 诊断结果28.宾馆场景宾馆场景 make a reservation 预订房间 confirm a reservation 确认预订 cancel a reservation 取消预订 fully booked/full up/full 客满 porter 行旅员 tips 小费 reception 前台 check in 登记入住29.single room
14、 单人房 double room 一张大床的双人房 twin room 两张单人床的双人房 suite 套房 bathroom toilet/w.c closet restroom 厕所 room service 客房服务(四级听力中的客房服务一般只有考一种送餐)lounge 男士用休息区 lobby 大堂30.business center 商务中心 salon 美容厅 ball 舞厅 bar 酒吧 club 俱乐部 check out 退房31.其他其他 closed 关门 open 开门 office hours/business hours/working hours 工作时间，营业时
15、间 关于开关 power on/off 开/关 turn on/off 开/关 switch on/off 开/关(这个词只能用于与电有关的开关，不能用于水龙头之类的开关)32.干杯 cheers propose a toast to bottom up the best book 最好的书 the best thing 最好的事情 the last thing 最不愿意做的事情 the last man 最不愿意见的人 33.count in 把考虑在内 count for nothing 一钱不值 count for little 无足轻重 count for much 举足轻重 coun
16、t down 倒计时 count up 相加 count up to 共计34.best seller 畅销 sell up 卖完，卖光 售罄 sell out卖完，卖光 售罄/出卖朋友或原则 sell off 低价处理库存商品 selling machine 自动售货机 selling point 卖点 count the days 渴望 count on=dependent/rely on35.出题思路出题思路 短对话十大场景及一般思路 1.借车：车一般是借不到的 2.吃：匹萨，海鲜吃了一般会有不适反应，“派”一般比较好吃 3.考试：作业、论文一般比较难，或须要熬夜 教授一般比较严厉 选修
17、课较难较多 36.4.坐车(飞机、轮船)：一般都需要等 5.事故(灾难)：光明原则，一般不会死人 6.听讲座：题目一般是比较有趣丰富的，内容一般是比较复杂难懂的 7.论文：一般需要修改(polish)或重写(rewrite)8.休闲：男生一般喜欢待在家里看TV或者看moive，女生一般喜欢高雅艺术如theater 9.医院：需要预约make an appointment 10买票：基本上是买不到的37.短文理解题的做题步骤短文理解题的做题步骤1.预读选项，推测文章体裁2.根据顺序原则定位3.听语段，抓标志词，确定考点，在选项上标出4.听问题，将原文的意思对应选项边听边作答边听边作答38.答题原
18、则答题原则 1.听即原则：所听即所得，听到什么就选什么(正好与短对话相反，短对话时听到的一般不选)2.重读原则：某单词被反复读到或是在语音上加以重读，因引起重视如果选项中出现很可能是正确答案 3.顺序原则：出题顺序一般与行文顺序相同除了主题题和部分说明文 4.主题原则：主题一般出现在段落的头尾部分，所以要集中精力听清前三句话和最后两句话 5.原因原则：凡出现表示原因，目的的很有可能是考点如：because so as 等词前后要着重听39.6.转则原则：凡出现表示转则的词如：but however yet 等，后面的句子往往是考点，要引起重视 7.光明原则：事情一般都是向着好的方面发展的，主人
19、公多数是大难不死的，事情总是逢凶化吉，绝处逢生的 8.男女原则：同短对话 9.穷学生原则：学生一般都是比较穷的，不能继续学业一般都是因为经济原因，因为穷一般还比较喜欢DIY一些东西 10.偏怪小原则：一般故事总是稀奇古怪的，经过总是曲折离奇的，结局总是出人意料的。宗旨就是意料之外、情理之中40.五大类原文标志词五大类原文标志词 1.最高级标志词 形容词、副词最高级、most/chief/primary/main/leading/2.唯一级标志词 only/unique/prefer/every/one/of all/perfect/3.因果项标志词 cause/lead to/contribu
20、te to/thanks to/owing to/question/answer/why/reason/其他形式的问句/41.4.转则项关键词 despite/in spite of/instead/while/from to /although (yet)/not only but also /5.序数项标志词 所有的序数词(first,second)/another/the other/next/last/in addition/on the other hand/6.时间项标志词 when/how/today/as/before/after/since/then/until/7.解释项标
21、志词 or/namely/in other words/that is/that is to say/42.8.目的项标志词 to/for/9.总结项标志词 all in all/in brief/to conclude/at last/in summary/in short/10.强调项标志词 副词：especially/particularly/almost/always/usually/动词：show/remember/note/notice/say/pronounce/43.说明文的考点分布说明文的考点分布1：特征考点：考点出现在比较级，最高级处2：逻辑关系考点3：首尾出题考点44.议
22、论文考点分布议论文考点分布 出题点：Scientist/psychologist/psychiatrist/expert/professor/Doctor names of them 做主语 Believe/found/estimate/say/think/point out/suggest/mean/explain 做谓语45.Research/studies/survey/finding/物做主语 Indicate/show/review/are/explain/prove/mean/做谓语46.复合式听写容易出错的地方复合式听写容易出错的地方 1.大小写问题：专有名词，句子开头 2.单词
23、各音节间的辅音字母注意是否双写。success,process,necessary,recommend.3.一个音节之中注意元音的拼写 4.名词：单数，复数，47.5.形容词注意比较级以及以al结尾的形容natural.personal.emotional.artificial.6.副词结尾的ly wholly,completely,emotionally.7.非谓语动词与谓语动词（ed,ing,s）may have-48.1.A.He will give the woman some tips on the game.B.The woman has good reason to quit t
24、he game.C.He is willing to play chess with the woman.D.The woman should go on playing chess.49.2.A.The man can forward the mail to Mary.B.She can call Mary to take care of the mail.C.Mary probably knows Sallys new address.D.She would like to resume contact with Sally.50.3.A.His handwriting has a uni
25、que style.B.His notes are not easy to read.C.He did not attend todays class.D.He is very pleased to be able to help.51.4.A.The man had better choose another restaurant.B.The new restaurant is a perfect place for dating.C.The new restaurant caught her fancy immediately.D.The man has good taste in cho
26、osing the restaurant.52.5.A.He has been looking forward to spring.B.He has been waiting for the winter sale.C.He will clean the womans boots for spring.D.He will help the woman put things away.53.6.A.The woman is rather forgetful.B.The man appreciates the womans help.C.The man often lends books to t
27、he woman.D.The woman often works overtime at weekends.54.7.A.Go to work on foot.B.Take a sightseeing trip.C.Start work earlier than usual.D.Take a walk when the weather is nice.55.8.A.The plane is going to land at another airport.B.All flights have been delayed due to bad weather.C.Temporary closing
28、 has disturbed the airports operation.D.The airports management is in real need of improvement.56.Looking at the basic biological systems,the world is not doing very well.Yet economic indicators show the world is Despite a slow start at the beginning of the eighties,global economic output increased
29、by more than a fifth during the The economy grew,trade increased,and millions of new jobs were created.How can biological indicators show the of economic indicators?57.The answer is that the economic indicators have a basic fault:they show no difference between resource uses that progress and those
30、uses that will hurt it.The main measure of economic progress is the gross national product(GNP).,this totals the value of all goods and services produced and subtracts loss in value of factories and equipment.Developed a half-century ago,GNP helped a common way among countries of measuring change in
31、 economic output.58.For some time,this seemed to work well,but serious weaknesses are now appearing.As indicated earlier,GNP includes loss in value of factories and equipment,but it does not the loss of natural resources,including nonrenewable resources such as oil or renewable resources such as forests.59.This basic fault can produce a sense of national economic health.According to GNP,for example,countries that overcut forests actually do better than those that preserve their forests.The trees cut down are counted as income but no subtraction is made for 2 the forests.60.
