1、Unit One Fighting with the Forces of NatureExercises Book FourVocabulary 1.Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given.Change the form where necessary.1.The Labor Partys electoral（竞选）strategy,which was based on a tactical _ with other minor parties,has proved successful.alliance工党的竞选策略就是建立在与其他小党派战略
2、合作上，这证明是成功的。2.The government troops recaptured the city from the rebels _ two thousand casualties.at the cost of 3.By a _ of good luck,Genelle,who had been buried in the rubble(瓦砾)for more than 26 hours,came out alive.stroke由于意外的好运,Genelle在瓦砾中被埋了26个多小时后活着出来了.政府军从叛乱分子中又一次获得了城市,但牺牲了两千人.4.My brother wa
3、snt badly hurt,but he injured his leg and had to _ around for a few weeks.limp我哥哥伤的不重,但把腿伤着了,不得不一瘸一拐行走好几个星期.5.The aircraft was subjected to（经受）a test of temperatures of _ 65 degrees Celsius and plus 120 degrees.minus飞机要经受摄氏零下65度到120度的测试.6.Tax incentives combined with cheap labor will attract compani
4、es to the western _ of our country away from the east coast.regions廉价劳动力和税收鼓励将被用于吸引公司到我国远离东部的西部地区投资.7.To my surprise,the opening speeches sounded more like _ of war than offerings of peace.declarations开场白听起来与其说是和平倡议还不如说是战争宣言.8.After a three-day _ by the police,the terrorists who had seized the resta
5、urant had to give in.siege被警察包围了三天以后,霸占餐馆的恐怖分子不得不屈服了.9.Once we stepped off the plane and onto the prairie,we were greeted by a gust of _ and biting wind.raw当我们下了飞机来到草原上,一股刺骨阴冷的风扑面而来.10.Being young and impatient,they are inclined to dash into the jaws of danger where an experienced fighter might _.bi
6、de his time因为年轻又没有耐心，他们倾向于冲向狭窄的入口，那儿有经验的战士正在等待时机等待时机。11.The harassing problems of the past few months _ on her health and there are shadows beneath her eyes.have taken their toll过去几个月的烦心事给他的健康带来了很大的伤害,眼睛周围布满了黑圈.12.Workers who have to work on weekends are paid twice the normal wages._ national holida
7、ys,they get triple pay.In the case of周末加班的工人获得的报酬必须是平常的两倍,在国庆节时应该获得三倍的工资.2.Use the verb in brackets to form an appropriate phrase verb you have learned and complete the sentence with it.1.In the economic crisis,many factories have begun to lay off workers.Now the government _ the problem of helping
8、create jobs for the large number of unemployed.(face)is faced with面对经济危机,许多工厂开始裁员。现在政府面临的问题就是为大量的下岗工人创造就业机会。2.If you let yourself _ in paper work,youll never find time to deal with the really important issues.(bog)get bogged down如果你深陷于这篇论文的写作中,你就没有时间处理真正重要的事情。3.Despite difficulties,the government _
9、with its campaign to eliminate corruption.(press)is pressing on/pressed on尽管遭到强烈的反对,政府继续进行铲除腐败的战斗。4.“We can take no chances;if we fail in Normandy the war might _ for years,”said the Allied commander-in-chief.(drag)drag on“我们要力求万全;如果在诺曼底登陆中失败,战争可能拖延几年.”盟军总司令说.5.The tolerance of her poor English by o
10、thers meant she could _ with her often incorrect grammar and limited vocabulary.get by 别人对她蹩脚的英语的容忍意味着她经常错误的语法和有限的词汇勉强能应付得过去。6.Edward knew it would cost him a fortune to _ at such an expensive restaurant,but then he could not afford to offend her by going to a less expensive one.dine out 爱德华知道在这样昂贵得
11、餐厅就餐会花他一大笔钱，但是他也不能去一家便宜一点的饭店而得罪她。7.As the economy shows no signs of picking up,many companies _ on capital investment.(cut)have cut back因为经济没有回升的迹象,许多公司缩减资本投资.8.With the price of fuel skyrocketing,I really dont know how we are going to _ the severe winter.get through随着燃料价格的飞涨，我真不知道怎么度过这个严寒的冬天。3.Rewr
12、ite each sentence with the word or phrase in brackets,keeping the same meaning.The first part has been written.1.As a result of rapid advance in gene therapy,cures for cancer may be not far away.The rapid advance in gene therapy may _.(conquest)lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future由于基因疗法
13、的飞速发展,癌症的治疗可能为时不远了.2.The delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers strike has caused many factories to stop production.Production in many factories _ _ _(bring to a halt).has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers strike3.Knowing that sh
14、e cant move ahead in her career mainly due to her leisure interests,Sara is determined to make a change.Sara has made her mind that her leisure interests _ _(get in the way of)will/should never get in theway of her career.了解到因为业余爱好使自己在事业上无法向前发展,莎芮下决心改变.4.It was obvious the foreign minister had never
15、 thought that the reporter would ask him such a question.Obviously the reporters question _(catch sb.off guard)caught the foreign minister off guard.显然外交部长没料到记者会提这样一个问题.5.Few people use the slide rule(计算尺)since the introduction of the electronic calculator.The introduction _ _ _(render)of the electr
16、oniccalculator has rendered the slide rule out of date/obsolete.自电子计算机问世以后,很少有人用过计算尺.4.Complete the following sentences,using words or phrases in brackets.Make additions and changes where necessary.1._ an enemy forces much superior to ours,we had to give up _ big cities and retreat to the rural and
17、mountainous _ to build up our base.(retreat,region,occupation)the occupation ofregionsBeing faced with2.Unity is _ the _ operation of an organization.Failure _ this problem will _ its strength.In many cases,work may _ by constant internal struggle in an organization.(crucial,weaken,reckon with,bring
18、 to a halt,efficient)crucial toefficientto reckon withweakenbe brought to a halt3.The Red Army fought _ battle at Stalingrad and won _ victory against the Germans.In fact,this battle _ in the Second World War.During this famous battle,the Soviet troops withstood the German _ and weakened the German
19、army _ a series of counterattacks.(heroic,siege,launch,turn the tide,decisive)a heroicthe decisiveturned the tidesiegeby launchingII.More Synonyms in Context1.During the First World War,battles occurred here and there over vast areas.Some of the most dramatic fighting occurred in the gloomy trenches
20、 of France and Belgium.During the First World War,battles occurred here and there over vast areas.Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.2.Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her preparations paid off.Elizabeth made careful pr
21、eparations for the interview and her efforts/homework paid off.3.I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement,but he turned a deaf ear to all my talk.I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement,but he turned a deaf ear to my words.4.Pneumonia had severely weakene
22、d her body,and I wondered how her weak body could withstand the severe weather.Pneumonia had severely weakened her body,and I wondered how her weak body could withstand the harsh weather.III.Usage:Complete the following sentences by turning into English the Chinese in brackets,with the vi.+adj.const
23、ruction 1.But often it is not until we _(生病的时候)that we finally learn to appreciate good health.2.A rich old lady _ _(死了躺在家里一个星期)-and nobody knew anything about it.3.Its said he _ _(猝死于心脏病）when he was at work.fall illlay dead at home fortwo weeksdropped dead from aheart attack4.Dont sit too close to
24、the fire to keep warm-you could easily get burned,especially if you _（睡着了）.5.In those days people believed in _（早结婚）and having children early.6.Little Tom was unable _（坐着不动超过几分钟）fall asleepmarrying youngto sit still for longer than a few minutesWhen Hitler decided to launch his _(1)of Russia,he thou
25、ght that nothing could _ _ _ _(2)of his armies._,(3)it seemed,was inevitable.He had surprise on his side,_ Stalin _ _ _(5)by _(5)his attack without a _(6)of war.invasion stand in the way Conquestcatching off his guard launching declarationComprehensive Exercises:I.Cloze1.Text-related Hitler expected
26、 the _(7)to last only a few months.In the event,it was to _ _(8)for much longer.Like Napoleon before him,he had made a fatal mistake in failing to _(9)the severity of the Russian weather.Many German soldiers were to die from the cold as winter set in,(10)_ the German advance_.campaign dragon reckon
27、with bringingto a haltIn the 21st century,clouds and stormy weather no longer automatically bring operations to a halt or force a change in targets（目标）.Technologies such as the Global Positioning System now _(1)cruise missiles（巡航导弹）and other smart weapons to home in on（瞄准并飞速接近）their targets.But the
28、weather still is a factor that must be _(2)with,especially with precision-guided weapons that must be _(3)accurate（高度精确）to be effective.allowreckoned 2.Theme-relatedhighly Fortunately,the ability to obtain weather _(4)will get better.In the next few years,remote weather sensors（传感器）will grow _(5)on
29、unmanned（无人的）vehicles.This will create a network of observing platforms that will give commanders an _(6)overview of weather in the battle zone（战场）.In some areas youll have direct _(7)of weather information straight from the computes to black boxes in aircraft and other vehicles.That will be especia
30、lly important for target-bound aircraft（瞄准目标的飞行器）.forecasts rapidly instant delivery Such technology will give whoever possess it a tremendous edge（优势）over their enemy and enable them to use developing weather conditions to their _(8).As we get superior satellites into space,well gain huge advantage
31、s in _(9)meteorological conditions in denied areas（盲区）,where we dont have people on the ground.And our modeling ability will continue to improve as our computers get more _(10).The past 10 years have witnessed a revolution in our communications（通讯）and computer abilities.Its exciting to think of what
32、 the next 10 years will bring.advantageobserving powerful1.多尔蒂先生和他的家人目前正在忙于秋收。Mr.Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2.我们不能低估敌人，他们装备了最先进的武器。We must not underestimate the enemy.They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.II.Translation3.
33、菲儿已三个月没有找到工作了，正变得越来越绝望。Having been out of a job/Not having had a job for 3 months,Phil is getting increasingly desperate.4.作为项目经理，山姆办事果断，工作效率高，且判断准确。Sam,as the project manager,is decisive,efficient,and accurate in his judgment.5.既然已证实这家化工厂是污染源，村委会(village neighborhood committee)决定将其关闭，为此损失了一百个工作岗位。S
34、ince the chemical plant was identified as the source of pollution,the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.Translation Translate the following passage into English,using the words and phrases given below.launchturn the tide take a gamble catch off guard get
35、 bogged down thanks to instructoffensive 攻势已经持续了三天，但是我们并没有取得多少进攻势已经持续了三天，但是我们并没有取得多少进展。展。The offensive had already lasted three days,but we had not gained much ground.The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack.师长（师长（division co
36、mmander）命令我们营）命令我们营（battalion）绕到敌人后方发起突然袭击）绕到敌人后方发起突然袭击.To do so,however,we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud.然而，要绕到敌人后方，我们必须越过一片然而，要绕到敌人后方，我们必须越过一片沼泽地（沼泽地（marshland）。我们很多人担心）。我们很多人担心会陷入泥潭之中。会陷入泥潭之中。我们营长决定冒一下险。Our battalion commander decided to t
37、ake a gamble.所幸由于寒冷天气沼泽地都结上了冰，我们于天亮所幸由于寒冷天气沼泽地都结上了冰，我们于天亮前到达目的地并从敌人后方发起进攻。前到达目的地并从敌人后方发起进攻。Thanks to the severely cold weather which made the marchland freeze over,we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear.这一下扭转了战局。敌人没有戒备，不久便投降这一下扭转了战局。敌人没有戒备，不久便投降了。了。This turned the tide of battle.The enemy,caught off guard,soon surrendered.
