1、托福考试阅读常考词组及短语（1） 1 a couple of 两三个，几个Although he thought of the key idea in 1951， the first maser was not completed until a couple of years later2 account for 解释Variations of clay composition and the temperatures at which they are fired account for the differences in texture and appearance3 adapt to
2、 使适应于They have been able to adapt to ecological changes4， adorn with sth 用装饰Some pots were adorned with incised or stamped decorations5appeal to 吸引Publishing literature consisting of exciting stories that would appeal to both children and adults6apply to 适用于Ethological theory began to be applied to
3、research on children in the 1960s7at best 充其量，最多Hunting is at best a precarious way of procuring food， even when the diet is supplemented with seeds and fruits8at intervals 相隔一定距离However， at intervals of 10 to 100 years， these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual9at the expense of
4、 sth 在损害的情况下A multitude of microorganisms make their livings directly at the expense of other creatures10at the height of sth 在最鼎盛时期The violin had reached the height of its popularity by the middle of the eighteenth century11back and forth 来回地They then spiral back and forth between the Earths magnet
5、ic poles very rapidly12be absent from 缺席，不在Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power， women line were not considered an important force in history13be capable of 能的Many animals are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools14 be characterized by 以为特征T
6、he nervous system of vertebrates is characterized by a hollow， dorsal nerve cord that ends in the head region as an enlargement， the brain15be composed of 由组成Ocean life is primarily composed of plants16be concerned with 与某事物有关Ethnology is concerned with the study of adaptive， or survival， value of b
7、ehavior and its Evolutionary history17be distinct from 与不同Jupiter and the other giant planets are of a lowdensity type quite distinct from the terrestrial planets18be essential to 对不可缺少Public performance is essential to verbal art19be exposed to 使接触，使遭受Body contact reduces the surface area exposed t
8、o the cold air20be far from 离很远，根本不是But far from being random， molt is controlled by strong evolutionary forces that have established an optimal time and duration21 be hostile to 极不友好的，极厌恶的Ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans22be regarded as 被认为是Humanitys primal efforts to systematize the
9、 concepts of size， shapes， and number are usually regarded as the earliest mathematics23be related to 与有关的，相联系的Why is dancing closely related to popular music in the United States?24 be responsible for 对负责In fact， nuclear reactions that convert hydrogen to helium are responsible for most of the ener
10、gy that stars produce25 be sensitive to 对敏感的Ants can be extremely sensitive to these signals26be subjected to 经历，遭受Oil is formed when organic material trapped in sediments is slowly buried and subjected to increased temperatures and pressures， transforming it into petroleum27 be superior to 优越于Natur
11、al vitamins are superior to synthetic ones28 be traced to 找出根源The ancestry of the piano can be traced to the early keyboard instruments of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries29 be/become aware of 意识到，认识到People became aware of the new service by word of mouth or newspaper advertisements30 be/become
12、/get accustomed to 习惯于In the harsh environment of northern Europe， Scandinavian women had been accustomed to practicing forms of shifting cultivation， and they immediately understood Native American horticulture31 be/become/get involved in 与有关联的Two distinct processes are involved in molting32benefit
13、 from 从中受益Students benefit from schools， which require long hours and homework33break down 分解All of these forces slowly break down the Earths exposed rocky crust into smaller and smaller pieces that eventually become clay34by far 到目前为止Marine sediment is by far the most important environment for the
14、preservation of fossils35by means of 通过，凭借The topic of the passage is developed primarily by means of Adividing the discussion into two major areas36by virtue of 由于Many are uninhabitable， by virtue of their small size and particular characteristics37confine to 限制在一定范围之内The delivery service was at fi
15、rst confined to cities38conform to 符合Parks should be designed to conform to the topography of the area39contribute to 有贡献，有助于Transportation contributed to the development and maintenance of trade40cope with 对付Under certain circumstance the human body must cope with gases at greaterthannormal atmosph
16、eric pressure41date back to 始于In the United States， rent controls date back to at least World War II42 depend on 依靠The gulls depend on the falcons for protection43 deprive sb/sth of sth 剥夺某事物Plant stems die when deprived of water44derive from 获得，起源于Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input45
17、due to 由于，因为Due to their dense structure， iron meteorites have the best chance of surviving an impact， and most are found by farmers plowing their fields46 evolve from/out of 从进化来，从发展来The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual47extract from 提取It turn
18、s out that some fossils can be extracted from these sediments by putting the rocks in an acid bath48feed on 以为食物Predators are animals that capture and feed on other animals49focus on 集中（注意力）于They focus on the meaning of their parents words50 get rid of 处理掉Atoms or molecules get rid of excess energy by themselves， without any outside intervention
