1、CISRI金属学原理金属学原理CISRI一、晶体学一、晶体学 CrystallographySXX1000cossin0sincosRRXX100010001100010001100010001100021230232110002123023211000100011000010101000010101000212302321100021230232110002123023211000212302321100010001100010001100010001221122112211:khkhhlhllklkwvu221122112211:vuvuuwuwwvwvlkh0333222111lkhlk
2、hlkh0333222111wvuwvuwvuWwVUvutUVvVUuwWvuVvuU3/)()(3/)2(3/)2(222222222222sincos2sinsin1abhkclbkahdhkl2/1222222222222222/1221222121122212212221212212221sinsincos2sin()sinsincos2sin(sinsincos)(sincosclbkabkhahclbkabkhahcl lbkkabkhkhahh2/122222222222/12212211121221221122121/)3/()(4/)3/()(4/)3/(2/)(4cosc
3、lakkhhclakkhhcl lakkkhkhhh222222341clahkkhdhkl2222221clakhdhkl22222221clbkahdhkl222221alkhdhkl2/1222222222/12212212122122121/)(/)(/)(cosclakhclakhcl lakkhh2/12222222222/1221221221221221221)/()/(/cosclbkahclbkahcl lbkkahh2/12222222/1212121212121)()(coslkhlkhl lkkhh01bcaccbabcabaccbbaa)(bacV)(bacVVbac
4、VacbVcbaVbacVacbVcbac lbkahHhklCISRI二、晶体结构二、晶体结构Crystal Structure7404804.062)62/(46/433333aaad6801747.083)62/(326/2333333aaad212121212121021212/3a2/2addddad1547.03/2oct212121212121041212/3a4/5adddddddad2910.0)13/5(2/)13/5(2/)34/(252/4/52/tettet2/3a2121212/2a4141414/3addddad4142.02oct2/2adddddddad224
5、7.0)12/6(2/)12/6(2/4/232/4/32/tettetNaCl型碳化物、氮化物的晶体结构金属原子，C原子0.45235nm0.50890nm具有正交点阵的Fe3C型碳化物的晶体点阵0.67433nm具有复杂立方点阵的Cr23C6型碳化物单胞1.0650nm1.108nm具有复杂立方点阵的Fe3W3C(或M6C)型碳化物的晶体点阵单胞 相的晶体结构CISRI三、相图三、相图 Phase Diagrams%33.970218.06894.620.06894.6%82.230218.077.00218.020.0%67.20218.06894.60218.020.0%18.7602
6、18.077.020.077.0温度T0100B组元含量，L+L100温度T0B组元含量，+温度T0B组元含量，+100温度T0B组元含量，100AB(,)Tfw wLLLAB(,)Tfw wLA(0,0)(0,0)TffLB(1,0)(1,0)TffLC(0,1)(0,1)Tff温度TTAL+LTCTBABCAB(,)Tfw wAB(,)TfwwAB(,)TfwwAB(,)Tfw wAB(,)TfwwAB(,)TfwwLLLAB(,)TfwwFe3C+LFe3C+Fe3C+Fe3C+Fe3C+L+Fe3CL+Fe3C+LL+LL+L+Fe3C该线虚拟退化为1个点坐标上面无点坐标下面收敛为1点
7、11nC21nC31nC11nCnn111nnC11nC21nC31nCnnC1121111312111nnnnnnnnCCCCCnnC111nC1nC2nC1nnCnnC0nC0nCnnnnnnnCCCCC232101nC2nC1nnC0nCnnC1nC2nC3nC1nnCnnC12321nnnnnnCCCC12)(12()(21非有效有效nnn112nC212nC212nnC112nnC012nC11nC31nnC21nnC11nnC01nC112nC212nC212nnC312nnC11211211101122)(nnnnnnCCCCCC112nnC01nC11nC21nnC31nnC1
8、2211211101222)(nnnnnnCCCCCC11nnC11nC21nC31nC11nnC12122)(12(2)(2112102102112非有效有效）有效nnnnnCCC12)(10211211102nnnnnCCCCC1213nCC2213nnCC2213nCC0213nCC1223nCC223nnC2223nCC121233nnCCC22nC32nnC122nnC0202233nnCCC0213nCC1213nCC2213nCC3213nnCC2213nnCC21322121202132)(nnnnnnnCCCCCC0223nCC1223nCC3223nnCC2223nnCC2
9、2322121202232)(nnnnnnnCCCCCC0233nCC1233nCC3233nnCC2233nnCC23322121202332)(nnnnnnnCCCCCC12nC22nC32nC22nnC12122)(12)(2(2)(2123203233223213非有效有效有效）有效nnnnnnCCCC12)(20322221203nnnnnCCCCC111mnmCCmnmnmCC111211mnmCC011mnmCCmnmnmCC11112mnmCCmnmnmCC112212mnmCC012mnmCCmnmnmCC12111mnmmCCmnmnmmCC111211mnmmCC011m
10、nmmCCmnmnmmCC1111 mnmmCCmnmnmmCC1121 mnmmCC01 mnmmCCmnmnmmCC1011mnmCC111mnmCC211mnmCCmnmnmCC11mnmnmCC111mnmmnmnmnmnmnmnmCCCCCC11111110112)(012mnmCC112mnmCCmnmnmCC12mnmnmCC112mnmmnmnmnmnmnmnmCCCCCC12111110122)(011mnmmCC111mnmmCCmnmnmmCC11mnmnmmCC111mnmmmnmnmnmnmnmnmmCCCCCC11111110112)(01 mnmmCC11 mnm
11、mCCmnmnmmCC1mnmnmmCC11mnmmmnmnmnmnmnmnmmCCCCCC111111012)(11 mnC21 mnC31 mnCmnmnC11mnmmnmnmnmnmnmnmCCCCCC10111110102)(12122122)(11101121nmnmmnmmnmmmmmmCCCCC)(S21mmmnD)(S21mmm)(S21mmm)(S21mmmAAAAAAlnlnlnGRTaGRTxRTBBBBBBlnlnlnGRTaGRTxRTAxBxMAABBAABB(lnln)Gx Gx GRT xaxaAB1MAABBAABBAAABAAAA(lnln)(1)ln(1)
12、ln(1)Gx Gx GRT xxxxx Gx GRT xxxxAxxBAGBGABAABBx Gx GAAABAAAA(1)ln(1)ln(1)x Gx GRT xxxxEMAABB()(lnln)GRT xxAxEMMAAABAAAA()(1)ln(1)ln(1)GGx Gx GRT xxxxEMMMM()exp()GGGxRT0GEMMMM()lnGGGGRTxBlg/wA B TMexp()exp()baTabxRTRRTlg/MA B Tlg /MCAB Tlg /MCA B T MCMMACCA 0.0692.90640.112.011NbC 0.00708592.90640.09
13、31612.011NbCCISRI四、扩散四、扩散 DiffusionkC11niikkkJDC ikD0iiCJt11()niikkkCDCt121)niikkkCDCtAAAJDCBBBJD CB0 x 0AABBAAA()Jx Dx DCD C ABBAD x Dx DBDD*D211()erfc()22CCxCCDt2(,)exp()42MxC x tDtDt2exp()d42MxxMDtDt221()erf()2xC CCCDt2xDt216Ddmmmexp()exp()exp()GSHZPZPZPkTkkT fffVexp()exp()exp()GSHPxkTkkT0exp()QD
14、DkT2m0m1exp(),6SDd ZQHk 2fm0fm1exp(),6SSDd ZQHHk CISRI五、晶体缺陷五、晶体缺陷Crystal Defectfexp()HCAkT101084.151018.121210/m101021615/m101026/m100222222xyzzyyxxyzxzyxxGbyxyGb0)()()1(2)()()()1(2)()3()1(2222222222222222yzxzxyyyxxzzyyxxyxyxxGbyxyxyGbyxyxyGb)(ln)1(422222rRrRrRGb)(ln422222rRrRrRGbGb241()42Gb)2(ln)1
15、(42222rRrrRGb)2(ln42222rRrrRGb)4exp(12PbG)1(2dPPPcoscosMRbb反应前反应后22bb反应前反应后1102a100a1126a110211121266aaa 2022 cos2(1)812Gbd222 cos2(1)812GbFd11203a10103a112010100110333aaa 00012a20236a1112a100a1111101121102848aaaa 1102a000exp()1exp()UCkTCUCCkT0exp()UCCkT立方晶系中的重要重合位置点阵 共格孪晶界示意图孪晶界非共格孪晶界示意图非共格孪晶界共格孪晶界被完全包围的第二相和基体的非共格配合关系被完全包围的第二相和基体的共格配合关系c 半共格配合关系金属晶体中不同界面的特征比较000exp()1exp()UCkTCUCCkT0exp()UCCkT
