1、 格式塔心理学格式塔心理学:又叫完形心理学，当看见不完整的事物时，人们又叫完形心理学，当看见不完整的事物时，人们根据脑子里对事物的完整概念，会在思想上把它根据脑子里对事物的完整概念，会在思想上把它补全补全.完形填空完形填空：对对语篇缺失的信语篇缺失的信息进行猜测、息进行猜测、推断、验证。推断、验证。By Zhou Fengchao 一，近年高考完形填空题型特点一，近年高考完形填空题型特点 1.1.体裁上：体裁上：主要有记叙文、说明文和议论文三种体裁。主要有记叙文、说明文和议论文三种体裁。但大多以叙为主但大多以叙为主,叙议结合叙议结合;2.2.内容上：内容上：讲述一个贴近考生实际生活的小故事，在
2、讲述一个贴近考生实际生活的小故事，在末尾进行升华，揭示人生的道理，往往富有末尾进行升华，揭示人生的道理，往往富有思想性教育性思想性教育性;3.3.首句特点首句特点:通常不设空，以便让考生迅速进入主题，对文章有通常不设空，以便让考生迅速进入主题，对文章有个整体把握个整体把握，往往提示一些重要信息，有时甚至直往往提示一些重要信息，有时甚至直接点明主题接点明主题.(2014全国卷全国卷I)As a general rule,all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规常规)basis.As
3、a matter of fact,we can see this 41 principle at work in people of all 42 ages.（2013湖北卷）湖北卷）Zigfried,a little mouse,blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside.Still nobody came.Maybe today,he thought 41hopefully.4.4.考察词性考察词性上上:以实词为主以实词为主,虚词为辅虚词为辅;Eg:（2013湖
4、北卷）湖北卷）Still nobody came.Maybe today,he thought 41.It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle(奇奇迹迹).41.A.carefully B.excitedly C.proudly D.hopefully Eg:Farmer Mike s house had been a great place for the little mouse 45until the farmer married a wife who had a cat.Zigfr
5、ied 46 when he thought of it.46.A.leapt B.trembled C.sniffed D.withdrew5.5.四个选项特点：四个选项特点：词性、时态一致，都能和前后构成搭配，迷惑性大；词性、时态一致，都能和前后构成搭配，迷惑性大；Eg:（2013湖北高考）湖北高考）He jumped from the windowsill(窗沿窗沿),grabbed a 44_ from his home,and went next door to Farmer Mike s.A.stick B.bag C.bowl D.catHe looked around caut
6、iously as he 47 stole into the room where grain was stored and was quite 48 nervous as he filled his bag with wheat.6 6.考查内容的线索藏身何处：考查内容的线索藏身何处：句内，前后句，或语篇中。句内，前后句，或语篇中。.13Step1 速读速读 skim to get the general idea and pay attention to the first sentence .（掌握大意，注意首句）掌握大意，注意首句）(2013四川卷四川卷)General idea:Ho
7、w a girl who had a scar on her head became confident again with the help of her friend.14Step 2 试填试填Reread carefully and choose the best answer by using some methods.（借助方法，选出最佳答案）（借助方法，选出最佳答案）Five methods(五种常用方法五种常用方法)：1.1.上下文的呼应上下文的呼应(词义复现、句内词义复现、句内/前后句前后句/语篇语篇的呼应等的呼应等)2.2.常识和逻辑常识和逻辑3.3.词义辨析词义辨析4.4
8、.固定搭配固定搭配（固定短语、句型等）固定短语、句型等）5.5.语法知识语法知识 15.原词复现原词复现16.(2014全国卷全国卷I)As a general rule,all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规常规)basis.As a matter of fact,we can see this 41 principle at work in people of all 42 ages.17.18.19.2.2.常识和逻辑常识和逻辑 20.21.3.3.词义辨析词义辨析22.2
9、3.24.25.Step3 复读复读Read again and check the answers.（复读检查）（复读检查）根本原则：根本原则：完形完形必须服从必须服从完意完意，局部局部必须服从必须服从整体整体。26.总结总结我们今天学到了什么？我们今天学到了什么？三，总结和反思三，总结和反思 反思反思根据高考完形填空的特点，我们在平常学习中应该采取那根据高考完形填空的特点，我们在平常学习中应该采取那些备考策略？些备考策略？1.阅读书报杂志中翻译过来的富有哲理的小短文，了解阅读书报杂志中翻译过来的富有哲理的小短文，了解中西方文化背景，文化差异，培养语感；中西方文化背景，文化差异，培养语感；2.注意积累完型中常考的词汇，短语，句型；注意积累完型中常考的词汇，短语，句型；3.多读多练，勤思考，勤总结；多读多练，勤思考，勤总结；.27四，作业四，作业Homework Do another cloze test after class.
